


Ask the community...
Has anyone with a similar situation looked into how the QBI phase-out thresholds might affect this decision? As a physician, OP is in a specified service trade or business, so QBI phases out at higher income levels. Wondering if structuring as S-corp vs sole prop affects how those thresholds are calculated.
The QBI phase-out is based on your total taxable income, not just the business income, so it would be the same regardless of business structure. For 2023, phase-out begins at $340,100 for married filing jointly and is completely phased out at $440,100. With your W-2 income of $200k plus business income, you might be in or approaching this phase-out range depending on other deductions, so that's definitely something to consider.
Thanks for clarifying! That makes sense. So the business structure doesn't affect the phase-out calculation itself, but it might affect total taxable income depending on which structure allows for more total deductions.
This is a great discussion! I'm actually a tax professional who works with a lot of physicians in similar situations. A few additional considerations that might help with your decision: 1. **State taxes matter**: If you're in a state with high income taxes, the S-corp structure might provide additional benefits since you'll avoid state income tax on the self-employment tax portion. 2. **Bookkeeping complexity**: S-corps require more formal bookkeeping, payroll processing, and quarterly filings. Make sure to factor in these additional costs when comparing structures. 3. **Timing flexibility**: With a sole prop, you have more flexibility in when you recognize income and expenses. With an S-corp, you're locked into paying yourself that reasonable compensation throughout the year. 4. **Future scalability**: If you plan to expand your moonlighting or add employees, an S-corp structure might be easier to scale. Given your numbers ($200k W-2 + $150k business income), you're likely in the QBI phase-out range, which actually makes the S-corp structure more attractive since you'll get less QBI benefit anyway. The self-employment tax savings of roughly $11,475 on $75k of distributions would probably outweigh the reduced QBI deduction. Have you considered whether your employer has any restrictions on outside business activities that might affect your choice of structure?
One thing nobody's mentioned yet - if you're considering withdrawing from your Roth IRA because you need funds, make sure you've exhausted other options first. Retirement money should really be a last resort. Also, remember that while you can withdraw contributions anytime, if you take out earnings before age 59½ (with some exceptions), you'll pay taxes PLUS a 10% penalty on those earnings. And once you take money out, you can't put extra back in to "make up" for it beyond your annual contribution limits.
Thank you for that reminder. I'm definitely treating this as a last resort. I've already cut expenses dramatically and am only looking at withdrawing a portion of what's available. It's for an unexpected medical expense that my HSA doesn't fully cover. I'm planning to only withdraw from the contribution portion to avoid any penalties.
That's good to hear you're approaching this carefully. Medical expenses are actually one of the exceptions where you might be able to withdraw earnings without the 10% penalty (though you'd still owe income tax on them) if the expenses exceed 7.5% of your AGI. If the amount you need is significant, it might be worth consulting with a tax professional to see if you qualify for that exception. Could save you money if you need to dip into the earnings portion. Wishing you the best with the medical situation.
A trick I learned from my accountant - if you can't figure out the contribution vs earnings split from your records, look at your Form 5498s from previous years. The IRS gets these forms from your plan administrators showing your contributions each year. You can request wage and income transcripts from the IRS that include these forms going back several years. Might save you some headache if you can't get the info from Fidelity directly.
Form 5498 won't show your 401k contributions though, right? I thought those only showed IRA contributions. For 401k contributions, wouldn't you need to look at your W-2 Box 12 with code D (for traditional) or AA (for Roth 401k)?
You're absolutely right - Form 5498 is for IRA contributions only. For 401(k) contributions, you'd need to look at your W-2s from the years you were contributing. Box 12 with code AA shows Roth 401(k) contributions, and code D shows traditional 401(k) contributions. So if you're trying to reconstruct your contribution history for a Roth 401(k) rollover, you'd want to add up all the code AA amounts from your W-2s during the years you participated in that plan. This would give you your total contribution basis that can be withdrawn penalty-free after the rollover.
CP11 is actually pretty common and nothing to panic about! It means the IRS found a math error on your return and made a correction that resulted in you owing more tax. The notice should show exactly what they changed. You have 60 days to dispute their correction if you think they're wrong. If you agree with their change, you'll just need to pay the additional amount they're requesting.
I've been dealing with IRS codes for years as a small business owner, and I wanted to add a few more important ones that haven't been mentioned yet: **Adjustment Codes:** - TC 290: Credit adjustment (usually good news - means you're getting money back) - TC 300: Debit adjustment (additional tax owed) - TC 420: Examination changes (audit adjustments) **Payment Codes:** - TC 610: Estimated tax payment - TC 670: Penalty assessed - TC 672: Failure to file penalty - TC 270: Account adjustment (can be positive or negative) **Pro tip:** If you see multiple transaction codes with the same date, they're usually related to the same action. For example, you might see a TC 290 (credit adjustment) followed by a TC 971 (notice sent) on the same date - this means they made an adjustment in your favor and sent you a notice about it. The key is not to panic when you see codes you don't recognize. Most of the time, if the IRS made an error in your favor, you'll see credits (TC 766, TC 768, TC 290). If they found issues, you'll typically see debits (TC 300) along with penalty codes. Always read the actual notice that accompanies the codes - the codes just tell you what type of action was taken, but the notice explains why.
I'm using FreeTaxUSA instead of turbotax this year to save some $$. Anyone know how to enter form 3921 info there? Their interface is different and I'm not seeing any specific section for ISO exercises.
In FreeTaxUSA, you'll need to look under "Income" and then "Other Income." They don't have a specific ISO section, but you calculate the AMT adjustment manually and enter it in the AMT section under "Adjustments and Preferences" > "Other AMT Adjustments." It's a bit more work than TurboTax but definitely doable.
Just wanted to add another perspective here - I went through this same situation last year with my ISO exercise. One thing that really helped me was creating a simple spreadsheet to track all the key dates and numbers from Form 3921. I included the grant date, exercise date, number of shares, strike price, and fair market value at exercise. This made it much easier when I got to the tax software because I had everything organized in one place. Also, don't forget that you'll need to keep detailed records of these transactions for future years too. When you eventually sell the shares, you'll need all this info to calculate your cost basis correctly. The AMT calculation can be scary, but in many cases the impact isn't as bad as you might think, especially if your bargain element isn't huge. Just make sure you're using the right forms - you'll likely need Form 6251 if AMT does apply to your situation.
Rajiv Kumar
Just a quick tip - if all else fails, you can always print and mail your return. I know it's old school, but sometimes it's the easiest solution when dealing with electronic filing issues.
0 coins
Aria Washington
ā¢Does mailing it in mean you still have to wait for the AGI verification stuff? Or can you just skip that whole headache?
0 coins
Paolo Romano
I went through this exact same nightmare last year! The confusion between IP PINs and self-selected PINs is so frustrating because the IRS and tax software companies don't explain the difference clearly. Here's what I learned: Your 6-digit IP PIN is correct and you DO need to use it when filing. But that 5-digit PIN your software is asking for is probably the self-selected PIN you created when you first set up your account with that tax software (sometimes called an e-file PIN). Check your email from when you first registered - you might have created a 5-digit PIN back then. For the AGI issue, definitely use the transcript amount ($58,750). The IRS makes adjustments during processing that create differences between your filed return and their records. When they ask for "prior year AGI" for verification, they want what's in their system, not what's on your paper copy. One more tip - if your software keeps rejecting the IP PIN, make sure you're entering it in the right field. Some software has separate fields for "Identity Protection PIN" and "Electronic Filing PIN" and people mix them up all the time.
0 coins