How do you document that something was "required" though? My prof just tells us verbally we need the McGraw Hill access code but it isn't mentioned anywhere in writing. Does that count?

You should email your professor asking them to confirm in writing that the McGraw Hill access is required for the course. A simple email response will work as documentation. Alternatively, check if your course has a syllabus or course website that mentions the requirement - you can take a screenshot or save that as a PDF. If there's absolutely nothing in writing, you might ask the professor to update the syllabus or send a class-wide email confirming these materials are required. The key is having some form of documentation beyond just a verbal instruction. Remember, the IRS wants to see proof that these weren't optional purchases but necessary for your coursework.

Did you have to mail in any documentation or just enter the extra amount somewhere on your tax form? I've never claimed education credits before.

u just enter the total qualified expenses on form 8863 for education credits. no need to mail receipts or anything, but keep all that stuff in case ur ever asked for it. i used turbotax and it walked me thru it - there's a specific section for education credits where u put in all the expenses. super easy. just add up all ur tuition plus the required subscriptions and enter the total.

Thank you so much for this specific advice! When you got audited, did they specifically ask for documentation proving the separation, or was it more about proving your dependent status? I'm trying to figure out what paperwork I should be gathering now just in case.

They asked for both! They wanted proof that my dependent lived with me (school records, medical records, etc.), AND they wanted evidence that my spouse and I were truly living separately for the last 6 months of the year. For the separation evidence, I provided my spouse's foreign tax returns showing he paid taxes in another country, his rental agreement overseas dated before July, utility bills in his name at the foreign address, and employment records showing he worked abroad. I also had some flight information showing when he left the US. The more documentation you can gather, the better!

I second this! I tried doing it myself with software for two years and missed out on credits I could have claimed. A professional who knows international situations is worth every penny. Plus, when the IRS sent me a letter questioning my EITC claim, my tax pro handled the response for free as part of their service.

Is there a specific certification or credential I should look for when finding someone who specializes in these international situations? There are so many "tax preparers" out there and I don't want to end up with someone who just knows the basics.

22 Do credit card fees really add up to that much though? And even if they do, isn't it illegal to deduct those from reported contractor payments? I thought the 1099 was supposed to show the gross amount paid.

5 Credit card fees typically run 2-3%, so no, they wouldn't account for a $4,800 discrepancy unless your brother earned well over $150,000 from this one shop. You're absolutely right that the 1099-NEC should show the gross amount paid to the contractor before any fees. What sometimes happens (incorrectly) is that salon owners might deduct booth rental fees or product charges before calculating the 1099 amount. This is incorrect - those should be handled separately, and the 1099 should reflect the total payments made to the contractor.

1 Thank you all for the advice! I'm showing my brother this thread tonight. He does keep pretty good records with a booking app that tracks all his appointments and payments, plus he has his bank statements showing deposits. I think we'll start with a formal written request for a corrected 1099-NEC, and if that doesn't work, he'll report the full income anyway and keep all his documentation ready. And maybe check out some of these services you've all recommended to make sure he's handling everything correctly!

Thanks for that warning. My goal isn't to change careers - I'm planning to expand my real estate portfolio and possibly move into commercial properties in the future. Would that still count as my "current" business or would the IRS see commercial real estate as a new trade?

Expanding from residential to commercial real estate would generally still be considered the same trade or business since you're still in property management and real estate investment. The IRS would likely view this as a natural progression within your current business rather than entering a new field entirely. Going from real estate into something completely different like investment banking (as in my case) is what triggers the "new trade or business" limitation. Just make sure you document your intention to expand within real estate rather than presenting it as preparation for a career change.

In TurboTax, you'd enter it under the Schedule E section for your rental property. When you get to the expenses part for each property, there's an "Other Expenses" category where you can add custom expense items. That's where I put my real estate continuing education costs last year.

Wait, can employers actually do that? I assumed once the year was over, all the tax stuff was set in stone. Can they really go back and fix withholding errors after the fact?

They can't change the actual withholding after the year ends, but there are a couple of options. First, they can issue a corrected W-2 if there were actual errors in reporting. More practically though, some employers will provide compensation to cover tax liabilities resulting from their payroll errors - basically paying you an additional amount to offset some of your tax burden. This isn't required by law, but many companies have policies for this since payroll errors can cause significant financial hardship for employees. It's worth having a conversation with both HR and payroll about their error resolution policies. Document everything, be polite but firm that this was their error, and ask what they can do to help make it right.

Exactly this! The IRS calls it a "Waiver of Penalty Due to Federally Declared Disaster, Mathematical or Clerical Error by the IRS, or Certain Other Conditions" (Part II of Form 2210). A payroll system error could qualify under certain conditions!