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Can you apply for unemployment if your self employed - Washington ESD eligibility question

I've been running my own small landscaping business for the past 2 years but work has completely dried up this winter. I'm wondering if I can file for unemployment benefits with Washington ESD since I'm technically self-employed? I've never paid into the unemployment system as a business owner, so I'm not sure if I'm even eligible. Has anyone been in a similar situation or know the rules for self-employed people applying for UI benefits?

Unfortunately, regular unemployment benefits through Washington ESD are only for people who were employees and had unemployment taxes paid on their behalf. As a self-employed person, you haven't been paying into the UI system, so you wouldn't qualify for traditional unemployment benefits.

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That's what I was afraid of. Are there any other options for self-employed people during slow periods?

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You might want to look into other assistance programs, but for unemployment specifically, you'd need to have been an employee with wages reported to Washington ESD.

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wait i thought there were some changes after covid that let self employed people get unemployment? maybe that's not a thing anymore though

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The pandemic programs like PUA (Pandemic Unemployment Assistance) ended in 2021. Those were temporary federal programs that covered self-employed workers, but they're no longer available.

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oh ok that makes sense, i remember hearing about that but didn't realize it was just temporary

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I had this exact same question last year when my consulting work slowed down. Spent hours trying to call Washington ESD to get a clear answer about self-employment eligibility. Finally used a service called Claimyr (claimyr.com) that helped me get through to an actual agent who confirmed I wasn't eligible for regular UI benefits. They have a video demo at https://youtu.be/7DieNd3C7zQ that shows how it works. Saved me from wasting time on an application that would've been denied anyway.

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Thanks for the info! I'll check that out instead of spending hours on hold trying to reach someone.

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How much does that service cost? Seems like it might be worth it to get definitive answers instead of guessing.

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It's worth it when you need real answers from Washington ESD directly. Much better than trying to interpret their website or sitting on hold for hours.

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This is SO frustrating! I've been freelancing for 3 years and now that work is slow I find out I can't get any help. Why don't they have a system for people like us who are just trying to make a living?

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I understand the frustration. The unemployment system was designed around traditional employer-employee relationships. Self-employed individuals can set up their own safety nets through savings or other insurance products.

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yeah it sucks but that's how the system works. we chose to be self employed so we have to deal with the ups and downs

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To be completely clear about Washington ESD eligibility: You must have wages reported by an employer who paid unemployment taxes on your behalf. Self-employment income doesn't count toward UI eligibility. However, there are some edge cases - if you had both employee wages AND self-employment income, you might qualify based on the employee wages only.

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That's interesting - I did work for a landscaping company for about 6 months last year before starting my own business. Would those wages count?

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Potentially yes! If you earned enough in covered wages during your base period, you might qualify. You'd need to file a claim to find out for sure.

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Wait, how do you know if your wages were in the 'base period'? I'm so confused by all these terms.

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The base period is typically the first four of the last five completed calendar quarters before you file your claim. So if you file in January 2025, your base period would likely be January-December 2024. Washington ESD uses this period to determine if you have enough wages to qualify.

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Thank you! That actually makes sense now. I need to figure out when exactly I worked for that company.

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This is getting complicated. Maybe I should just try calling Washington ESD to see if my employee wages from last year would qualify me.

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good luck getting through to them on the phone lol. i've been trying for weeks to get answers about my claim and can never reach anyone

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Have you tried calling right when they open? I heard that's the best time to get through.

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tried that, tried lunch time, tried late afternoon. always busy signal or disconnected after being on hold forever

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I was in a similar situation - had both W2 wages and 1099 income. Washington ESD only counted my W2 wages when determining my benefit amount. The self-employment income was completely ignored for UI purposes. But I did qualify based on my employee wages alone.

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How much in W2 wages did you need to have to qualify? I'm trying to figure out if my 6 months of employee work would be enough.

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You need at least $1,000 in covered wages during your base period, but the exact amount for weekly benefits depends on your total wages. Check the Washington ESD website for the benefit calculator.

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Just want to point out that even if you qualify based on employee wages, you still have to meet the job search requirements and be available for work. Being self-employed might complicate the 'available for work' requirement.

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What do you mean by that? If I'm looking for work, how would being self-employed be a problem?

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Washington ESD might question whether you're truly available for employee work if you're still operating your business. It's something to consider when filing.

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That's a good point. You'd need to be genuinely seeking and available for employee positions, not just waiting for your business to pick up.

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The whole system is set up wrong if you ask me. Plenty of people go back and forth between employee work and self employment but the benefits only flow one way.

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I mean, that's how insurance works though. You pay in when you're working as an employee, you get benefits when you lose that employee job.

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but what about all the taxes we pay as self employed people? none of that counts for anything when we need help

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I tried Claimyr too after reading about it here - they got me through to Washington ESD in like 20 minutes when I'd been trying for days on my own. Turns out my situation was more complicated than I thought and I needed to speak with someone directly to sort it out.

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That sounds exactly like what I need. I'll definitely look into that service since I need clear answers about my specific situation.

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Is it legit though? Seems too good to be true that they can get you through when nobody else can.

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Yeah it's legit, they just have a system for getting through the phone queues more efficiently. Saved me tons of time and frustration.

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For what it's worth, I know someone who was self-employed but also did some part-time W2 work. She was able to get unemployment based on losing the part-time job, even though most of her income came from self-employment.

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That gives me hope! I definitely had legitimate W2 wages last year, so maybe I do qualify after all.

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Just make sure you're honest about your self-employment when you file. Washington ESD will find out anyway and you don't want to get in trouble for not disclosing it.

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has anyone actually tried filing as self employed just to see what happens? like what's the worst that could happen - they just deny it right?

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I wouldn't recommend that approach. Filing a claim when you know you're not eligible could be considered fraud, even if unintentional. Better to get accurate information first.

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ok fair point, probably not worth the risk

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Yeah definitely don't do that. Washington ESD takes fraud seriously and it's not worth the potential consequences.

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Bottom line - if you only have self-employment income, you can't get regular unemployment benefits. If you have W2 wages during your base period, you might qualify based on those wages alone. The tricky part is figuring out if you have enough qualifying wages and meeting the availability requirements.

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Thanks everyone for all the helpful info! Sounds like I need to look up my exact W2 wages from last year and possibly talk to Washington ESD directly to see if I qualify.

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Good luck! Hope it works out for you. The unemployment system is confusing enough without trying to figure out the self-employment angle.

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One more thing - even if you qualify, your weekly benefit amount will only be based on your W2 wages, not your total income including self-employment. So the benefit might be lower than you expect.

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That makes sense. At this point any help would be better than nothing, so I'll take whatever I can get if I qualify.

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Exactly. Something is better than nothing when work is slow.

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