Do you know if this would be the same process in TurboTax? I have a similar situation but use different software.

Yes, the process is similar in TurboTax, though the screens look different. In TurboTax, you'll also enter code P first when asked for the distribution code. Then during the interview process, TurboTax will ask additional questions where you'll indicate it was a return of excess contributions. The underlying tax treatment is the same regardless of which software you use - the original contribution isn't taxable (since Roth contributions are after-tax), but the earnings are subject to income tax and potentially the 10% early withdrawal penalty depending on your age and situation.

Freetaxusa does have a section where you can add notes to your return. It's in the "Miscellaneous" section under "Notes" - you can add explanations there for your own records. However, these notes don't get transmitted to the IRS with your e-filed return. For your specific 1J code, you should use code 1 as the primary code, and then in the follow-up questions, indicate it was a hardship withdrawal if that option is available. The IRS receives the full 1099-R from your plan administrator with both codes, so they'll have the complete information.

Thanks! I'll check out that notes section. Good to know the IRS still gets the full code information from the plan administrator. That makes me feel better about only being able to enter one code in the software.

I prepared everything myself using TurboTax. This was definitely my first submission attempt. I called the Identity Protection Specialized Unit like someone suggested above, and they confirmed someone else tried filing with my SSN! Currently working through the identity theft affidavit process now. Thankfully I caught it early.

That's definitely more concerning then. Glad you called and confirmed! The earlier you catch these things and get the identity theft affidavit filed, the better. Make sure you also request an Identity Protection PIN from the IRS for next year - it's an extra 6-digit code that prevents anyone from filing electronically with your SSN without the PIN.

You absolutely still need to file the extension separately! The identity theft affidavit (Form 14039) doesn't extend your filing deadline. Make sure to submit Form 4868 by mail ASAP with "POTENTIAL IDENTITY THEFT" written at the top so they flag it for special processing.

Thanks for clarifying! That's super helpful to know. I'll make sure to do both if I ever run into this problem.

Thanks for this advice! Should I attach copies of the notices and payment confirmations to my return? And would it be better to file electronically or mail a paper return in my situation?

You don't need to attach copies of the notices to your return, but do keep them for your records. Instead, include a brief statement referencing the notice numbers and payment amounts on a separate sheet if filing by paper, or in the comments section if filing electronically. For your situation, electronic filing is generally better because it processes faster and you'll get confirmation of receipt. However, if your return is very late (which 2021 would be in 2025), some tax software may not support e-filing for prior years, so you might have to mail it. If mailing, definitely use certified mail with return receipt so you have proof of filing.

Actually, the IRS does pay interest on refunds that are issued more than 45 days after the return is filed, even for late-filed returns. The interest rate changes quarterly. It's not a lot, but it's something. I filed my 2019 taxes super late and still got interest on my refund.

That's a good point! He only has the restaurant job, no side gigs. But I'm not sure about the W-4 thing - I don't think he knew to check any specific box when he filled out his paperwork. Is that something the employer might have done automatically because of his age?

Employers shouldn't automatically mark anyone as exempt based on age alone. When your brother filled out his W-4, he would have had to specifically claim exemption from withholding by writing "Exempt" in the appropriate space. It's possible he did this without understanding it, or maybe the employer made an assumption based on his age and income level (which they shouldn't do). For his new W-4 this year, if he expects to earn more than the standard deduction ($12,950), he should definitely not claim exempt status, as he'll likely owe taxes.

Is that really true? I thought if you don't owe any taxes, there's no penalty for not filing when you're under the threshold. Why would the IRS come after someone for not filing when they weren't required to?

Thanks for the advice! I didn't even think about documenting the physical location. I'll definitely take pictures next time my parents go there. Do you know if there's a way to check if someone has a valid PTIN? I looked at the paperwork again and don't see any ID number for the preparer.

There's no public database where you can verify PTINs unfortunately. If the preparer didn't include their PTIN on the return where it asks for "Paid Preparer's Information," that's a violation of IRS requirements right there. Take photos of the office exterior, interior if possible, and any signage showing the business name. If they have a website or social media presence, screenshot those too - these operations sometimes disappear overnight when they get reported. Also, if your parents paid by anything other than cash, that bank or credit card statement is valuable evidence of them using this service.

Did your sister end up reporting the preparer too? Just curious if anything actually happens to these people when they get reported or if they just keep scamming others.