Do you happen to know how long it typically takes for a credit card payment to show up in the IRS system? I need to make a payment ASAP but my electronic withdrawal is scheduled for next week.

In my experience, credit card payments typically take 3-5 business days to show up in the IRS system. However, the payment is considered made on the day you submit it, not when it appears in the IRS records - so you're protected from late payment penalties as long as you complete the transaction by the due date. If your electronic withdrawal is scheduled for next week, I'd recommend making your credit card payment immediately. Even if it doesn't show in the system before the withdrawal date, you can contact the IRS with your confirmation number if there's any issue with double payment. They can always refund overpayments, though it might take some time to process.

Good point about doing the math. Some premium travel cards give effectively 2-2.5% value for points when transferred to airline partners though, which can make it worthwhile even with the fees. I always use my Chase Sapphire Reserve for tax payments specifically because the points are worth more than the fees.

This is interesting! Would you use Schedule D for this instead of reporting as hobby income? And do you need to keep receipts for everything to prove what you originally paid?

I do customize some of them! I repaint about 30% of the models I sell, and sometimes do minor repairs on vintage pieces. I just wasn't sure if that was enough to count as a "real business" since it's still mostly just for fun. But it sounds like that could help my case?

That definitely strengthens your case! The customization and repairs show you're adding value through your skills and labor, which is a big factor in the business vs. hobby determination. Make sure you document your work process - take before and after photos of your customizations, track the time you spend on each project, and keep receipts for all supplies. Also, consider creating a separate Instagram or Facebook page showcasing your work, even if it's just casual. Having a business presence online is another factor that supports business treatment. You might also want to look into selling at model horse shows or conventions if you don't already - participating in trade shows is another indicator the IRS looks for when determining if something is a business. The key is to show that you're making decisions with the intent to eventually be profitable, even if you're not there yet.

I tried that calculator but got confused halfway through. Do you know if it's better than just checking the box in Step 2? My situation is pretty straightforward - just two jobs, no kids, standard deduction.

For a straightforward situation like yours (two jobs, similar income levels, no kids), checking the box in Step 2(c) on both W-4s should work fine. The calculator is more beneficial if you have a more complex situation with kids, multiple income sources, or if you itemize deductions. The box method is designed to withhold enough for two similarly-paying jobs. If you want to be extra cautious, you could put a small additional amount ($20-50 per paycheck) in Step 4(c) for additional withholding, but it's probably not necessary with your income levels.

That's actually not how the new W-4 works. You don't "claim" the standard deduction on the form anymore. The new form automatically incorporates the standard deduction into the withholding calculations. The old form with allowances is gone.

Even with guides, I always worry about missing something important. Does TurboTax actually guide you through the backdoor Roth process well? Which version do you need to handle this correctly?

TurboTax Premier handles backdoor Roth conversions well. The software will ask if you made contributions to a traditional IRA, and you indicate they were non-deductible. Later, it asks about conversions to Roth IRAs. Just make sure you have the exact dates and amounts for both transactions. The most important thing is understanding the concept beforehand so you recognize if something doesn't look right. The software generates Form 8606 automatically, but I always review it to ensure it shows the non-deductible contribution basis correctly. Many online guides show what the completed form should look like for comparison.

I had the exact opposite experience. Found a local CPA who specializes in small businesses and she found so many legitimate deductions I didn't know about. Sometimes it's worth paying more for actual expertise instead of the chains. Maybe try searching for someone who specifically works with your industry?

Thanks for mentioning the Form 8606! Would I need to file that for the tax year when I make the contribution to the Traditional IRA, or for the tax year when I do the conversion to Roth? If I contribute now but don't convert until next year, which tax year would it fall under?

You need to file Form 8606 for the tax year in which you make the non-deductible contribution to your Traditional IRA. This establishes your "basis" (after-tax money) in the IRA. If you contribute now (2023 tax year) but don't convert until next year (2024), you would still report the non-deductible contribution on Form 8606 with your 2023 tax return. Then when you do the conversion in 2024, you'd receive a 1099-R for that tax year, and you'd file another Form 8606 with your 2024 return to report the conversion. This is why keeping good records is so important - you need to track your basis over time, especially if you don't convert immediately after contributing.

I use Fidelity for my backdoor Roth and it's super easy. You can open both account types online in about 10 minutes, and their conversion process is just a few clicks. Never had to call customer service once. They also have good educational resources about the process right on their website.