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Have they looked into the IRS Fresh Start Program? My brother had a significant tax debt (about $85k) after his construction business failed, and he was able to get substantial relief through this program. The Fresh Start Program has several components that might help your parents: - Increased dollar threshold for filing tax liens - Easier access to Installment Agreements - More flexible Offer in Compromise terms - Tax lien withdrawals after payment arrangements The key is providing thorough documentation of their financial situation, medical expenses, and limited ability to pay. My brother was ultimately able to settle his $85k debt for about $32k through an Offer in Compromise.
The Fresh Start Program sounds promising but remember it's not a specific program you apply for directly - it's a collection of IRS initiatives with different eligibility requirements. A $200k debt might be harder to settle than an $85k one. Still worth exploring though.
Don't forget about potential state-level tax relief programs! When I was dealing with federal and state tax issues after a business failure, I found that my state had hardship provisions that were actually more generous than the IRS options. Depending on what state your parents live in, they might qualify for: - State tax forgiveness programs - Hardship status at the state level - Special provisions for farmers/agricultural businesses - Senior tax relief programs (if they're close to retirement age) Also, check if your state has a Taxpayer Advocate Service similar to the federal one. These advocates can sometimes help navigate both systems simultaneously and coordinate relief efforts.
I just wanna point out that if your employer is failing to provide your W-2, you should report them to the IRS using Form 4852. There's literally a box on the form where you indicate whether you've attempted to obtain your W-2 from your employer. Employers are required BY LAW to provide W-2s by January 31st, and they can face penalties for not doing so. Some crappy employers try to avoid sending W-2s to avoid payroll taxes. Dunno if that's happening in your case but thought you should know.
Pro tip from someone who's been doing taxes for years - when you file with Form 4852, KEEP A COPY of everything. If your employer eventually sends a W-2 that doesn't match your estimates (even if it arrives after you've filed), you'll need to file an amended return with Form 1040X. If the differences are small, you might not need to amend, but if there's a significant difference in income or withholding, the IRS will eventually notice the discrepancy when they match documents.
I second this advice! I had to file with a 4852 last year and then got my W-2 three weeks later with slightly different numbers. I called the IRS and they said small differences weren't worth filing an amendment for, but never told me what "small" meant. Anyone know what the threshold is for needing to file an amendment?
There's no official threshold published by the IRS for when to file an amendment, but generally, tax professionals suggest amending if the difference affects your tax liability by more than $100 or changes any tax credits you claimed. The most important thing is whether the difference increases your tax liability - if you would owe more tax with the correct W-2 information, you should definitely file an amendment to avoid penalties and interest. If the difference would result in a larger refund for you, it's still worth amending to get that money back.
Former tax preparer here. If you want to learn enough to handle your own taxes and maybe help friends/family, I recommend a three-pronged approach: 1) Take a basic tax course from H&R Block or Liberty Tax. They're designed to teach beginners, and while they're focused on preparing returns for clients, you'll learn a ton about common tax situations. 2) Read "J.K. Lasser's Your Income Tax" - it's updated annually and explains tax concepts in plain language with tons of examples. 3) Practice with last year's returns. Get copies of your previous returns and try to recreate them from scratch using what you've learned. This hands-on practice is where real learning happens.
Are the H&R Block/Liberty courses expensive? Is it worth it compared to just using the free IRS materials someone mentioned above?
The tax courses typically run between $200-400 depending on your location. They're more comprehensive than the free IRS materials and include guided practice with an instructor who can answer questions. The VITA training mentioned above is great for basic returns, but the paid courses go deeper into things like investment income, small business issues, and rental properties. If your situation is simple (W-2 income only, standard deduction), stick with the free materials. If you have investments, freelance income, or rental property, the paid course is worth considering.
Don't overthink this. I spent years trying to "become a tax expert" and realized what I really needed was just to understand MY specific tax situation. Focus on learning the parts that apply to you. If you're a W-2 employee with some investments, learn about capital gains taxes and retirement account rules. If you freelance, learn about self-employment tax and business deductions. The IRS website actually has surprisingly good resources under their "Tax Tips" section. Start there before spending money on courses.
Has anyone used TurboTax for reporting their crypto? I've got a similar situation with multiple buy/sell cycles on Coinbase and wondering if their crypto section is any good.
I used TurboTax last year for my crypto and it was ok for basic stuff, but got REALLY confusing with multiple platforms. Had to manually enter a ton of transactions. If you have more than like 10-15 trades, I'd recommend a specialized crypto tax software instead.
Friendly reminder that the IRS is cracking down on crypto reporting this year. They've added specific crypto questions on the 1040 form that you have to answer under penalty of perjury. Don't try to hide anything - they're getting better at tracking blockchain transactions!
Thanks for the heads up. I definitely want to report everything correctly. Better to pay what I owe than deal with an audit. Seems like I need to get organized with all my transactions before filing.
No problem! And yeah, being organized is key. Since you used Cash App, you should be able to download your full transaction history as a CSV file. Save this along with any tax forms they provide. If they don't give you detailed enough info, you can always request your account history directly. Remember that crypto exchanges are increasingly reporting to the IRS directly, so your transactions are likely already on their radar. Being proactive and thorough in your reporting is definitely the way to go.
Maya Jackson
Have you checked your IRS transcript online? You can request it at irs.gov and it shows all activities on your account including stimulus payments, refunds issued, etc. Might give you some clues about what's happening with your account.
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Norah Quay
ā¢Thanks for the suggestion. I tried accessing my transcript online but because I've been overseas so long, the verification system won't work for me (it needs a US phone number I've had for more than 2 years, which I don't have since moving back). I requested a mailed transcript but haven't received it yet. Seems like everything with the IRS requires workarounds when you've been an expat.
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Maya Jackson
ā¢That's a common issue for expats! For the phone verification problem, you might want to use a family member's phone number temporarily if possible. Another option is to request your transcript by filing Form 4506-T instead of using the online system. For recently returned expats, sometimes the local Taxpayer Advocate Service can help navigate these authentication issues. They're separate from the regular IRS customer service and can sometimes cut through red tape when standard procedures don't work for your situation.
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Tristan Carpenter
Did you use direct deposit for your tax refund when you filed the streamlined returns? I had issues with my stimulus because I used paper check for my refund, but my friend who used direct deposit got her stimulus automatically despite living abroad.
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Amaya Watson
ā¢This is accurate - the payment method makes a huge difference. I work at a tax prep office and we've seen that international filers who used direct deposit had about 80% success rate getting stimulus automatically, while paper check people had endless problems.
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