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An important distinction that hasn't been mentioned yet - there's a difference between "Beneficial Owners" and "Company Applicants" on the BOI report. If your subsidiary LLC was formed after January 1, 2024, you'll need to list both beneficial owners AND company applicants. If formed before that date, you only need to list beneficial owners. Also, don't forget that some entities are exempt from BOI reporting altogether. If your partnership qualifies as a "large operating company" (over 20 full-time employees and $5M+ in gross receipts), then the subsidiary might be exempt too. Worth checking if you qualify.
Thanks for mentioning this! Our LLC was formed in 2022, so sounds like we only need to worry about the beneficial owners part? And unfortunately we're nowhere near the exemption thresholds - small family business here.
That's correct. Since your LLC was formed before January 1, 2024, you only need to report the beneficial owners, not the company applicants. And regarding exemptions, yes, if you're a small family business you'll likely need to file. The exemptions mostly benefit larger companies or those already under heavy regulation (like publicly traded companies, banks, credit unions, etc.). Most small businesses will need to file BOI reports for each entity they own or control.
One thing to be careful about - if you're filing BOI reports for multiple related entities, make sure you're consistent in how you identify beneficial owners across all filings. FinCEN can compare these reports, and inconsistencies could trigger questions or audits. For example, if Partner X is listed as having substantial control of the partnership, but then isn't listed on the subsidiary LLC's report, that might raise flags. I recommend creating a chart showing all entities and beneficial owners before filing to ensure consistency.
I've used TurboTax Home & Business for the past 3 tax seasons with a similar mix of income sources. Honestly, it's pretty straightforward for your situation. The education expenses are simple to enter - it asks specific questions about your tuition and related expenses. For the self-employment portion, it breaks down common deductions by business type. Just make sure you've tracked your business expenses well throughout the year. The biggest hassle is entering all the individual expenses, but if you have good records it's not too bad. One tip: if you buy it through Amazon or Costco, you can often find it for $10-15 less than the list price!
Do you think TurboTax would catch something like the Qualified Business Income deduction? I've heard that's a big potential tax break for self-employed people, but I'm not sure if I qualify or how to calculate it.
TurboTax absolutely handles the Qualified Business Income deduction automatically. It determines your eligibility based on your business type and income level, then calculates the deduction without you needing to understand the complex rules. It also helps with things like the home office deduction (if applicable) and separates your self-employment tax calculations automatically. The software has gotten really good at guiding you through potential deductions with a simple interview process - it asks questions in plain English rather than tax jargon.
I was in this exact situation last year! I tried FreeTaxUSA instead of TurboTax and was really happy with it. It handled both my W-2 and self-employment income perfectly and cost WAY less than TurboTax. I think I paid about $15 for federal filing with self-employment, plus another $15 for state filing. The interface isn't quite as polished as TurboTax, but it asks all the same questions and covers education expenses, business mileage, and self-employment deductions thoroughly. Their support was also helpful when I had questions.
FreeTaxUSA is good but I found it doesn't give as much guidance for self-employment deductions. TurboTax specifically asks about industry-specific deductions you might miss otherwise. Worth the extra money in my experience since it saved me way more than the price difference.
Some practical advice - make sure you keep documentation of EVERYTHING. I had a similar situation (though not as long-term as yours) and when it eventually got resolved, I needed to prove I had been trying to fix it all along. Save copies of: - All letters from the IRS - Dates and times of phone calls - Names of representatives you speak with - Copies of any refund checks you receive - Your tax returns showing you didn't claim these payments If someone is using your SSN by mistake to make payments, this documentation will protect you if the IRS ever questions why you received and cashed refunds.
Thanks for the advice about documentation. I've kept all the IRS letters so far, but haven't been great about noting down phone call details. Going to start doing that immediately. Do you think I should deposit the refund checks or hold off until this gets sorted out?
You should definitely deposit the refund checks - they'll expire if you wait too long. Just make sure you keep copies of them first. The IRS has already determined those refunds are rightfully yours based on the returns you filed. If it turns out later that someone was legitimately trying to pay your taxes (like a family member trying to help), you can always work out repayment with them directly. But more likely, it's someone using your information incorrectly, and holding onto the checks won't help resolve that situation.
Could this be some kind of identity theft situation? I'd recommend checking your credit reports and maybe putting a freeze on your credit too. Someone having enough of your personal info to make tax payments in your name is concerning.
A quick note on Form 8606 that I don't think was mentioned yet - make sure you're keeping copies of ALL your 8606 forms indefinitely. The IRS doesn't track your nondeductible basis for you, so these forms are your only proof that you've already paid tax on those contributions if you get audited years later. I learned this the hard way!
How far back should we keep them? I've been doing backdoor Roth conversions for about 8 years now but honestly not sure if I still have all the forms.
You should keep them forever, honestly. The IRS doesn't have a central system tracking your nondeductible basis, so those forms are your only proof that you already paid tax on those contributions. If you're missing some forms from previous years, you might want to request transcripts from the IRS for those tax years to see if you can reconstruct your basis history. The problem is that if you can't prove your basis and you take distributions later, the IRS might treat the entire distribution as taxable, even though you already paid tax on those contributions.
Something that tripped me up when filling out form 8606 was that tax software can mess this up! TurboTax kept putting my nondeductible IRA contribution on the wrong line and I had to manually override it. Double check the final form before filing!
Emma Morales
Based on your age (under 18), I think you should be extra careful here. The fact that you're a sole proprietor at 17 is great, but it also raises some potential complications. Since you're a minor, the way your business income and deductions are reported might be affected by your parents' tax situation. In some cases, what's called the "Kiddie Tax" could apply to your business income. Have you talked with your parents about how they're handling your business income on their tax returns? Before making any major purchases with tax implications, that's an important conversation to have.
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Ruby Knight
ā¢I actually haven't discussed this with my parents in detail yet. They let me run my business independently, but you make a good point about the tax implications. My business made about $22,000 last year, and I was planning to file my own return. What's this "Kiddie Tax" you mentioned? Does it mean I can't take the same deductions as adult business owners?
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Emma Morales
ā¢The Kiddie Tax applies to unearned income (like investment income) above certain thresholds for dependents under 19 (or 24 for full-time students). Business income is generally considered earned income, so your business profits would typically not be subject to Kiddie Tax rules. However, since you're a minor, there are still considerations about whether you file your own return or are claimed as a dependent on your parents' return. With $22,000 in business income, you would need to file your own return for that income, but your parents might still claim you as a dependent if they provide more than half of your support.
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Katherine Hunter
Don't forget to look into mileage tracking apps! I made the mistake of not tracking my miles properly when I started my business and lost out on thousands in deductions. Even though you're using the car less than 50% for business, every business mile counts. You can either take the standard mileage rate (65.5 cents per mile in 2023) OR actual expenses including depreciation - but not both. For someone your age just starting out, I actually recommend the standard mileage method. It's simpler and often works out better for smaller vehicles with good fuel economy. Plus, you avoid all the recapture headaches if you sell the car later.
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Lucas Parker
ā¢Which mileage app do you recommend? I tried one last year but kept forgetting to use it.
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