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Just to add my experience - I inherited some rental properties and mistakenly used my dad's original purchase price instead of the stepped-up basis. I ended up overpaying almost $32k in capital gains tax! Filed an amended return and got it all back plus interest. Definitely worth checking this carefully.
How far back can you go to fix this kind of mistake? My mom passed 3 years ago and I'm just now learning about step up basis.
You can generally file an amended return within 3 years from the date you filed your original return, or within 2 years from the date you paid the tax, whichever is later. So you're likely still within the window to fix it! If you sold inherited assets and used the original purchase price instead of the stepped-up basis, you definitely should file an amended return. The process isn't actually that difficult - just file Form 1040-X and include any schedules that change as a result of the correction.
Quick tip: for publicly traded stocks, get the high and low prices for the date of death and use the average. If the estate is large enough to file Form 706, you can also use the alternate valuation date (6 months after death) if that's more favorable.
Just to add my two cents - in most cases, Married Filing Jointly is better than Separately. The rare exceptions are: 1) If one spouse has significant medical expenses, student loan interest, or certain other itemized deductions that have AGI thresholds 2) If one spouse has income-based student loan payments that would increase significantly 3) If one spouse has tax debts the other doesn't want to be responsible for 4) If you live in a community property state with complex income situations Unless you fall into one of these categories, MFJ is almost always better tax-wise.
What about if one spouse is self-employed with a Schedule C business and the other is W-2? Does that change the calculation at all?
In a self-employed and W-2 earner situation, filing jointly is usually still more advantageous. The self-employed spouse can still take all their business deductions on Schedule C regardless of filing status. When filing jointly, you might actually benefit more from certain deductions like the Qualified Business Income deduction, which can be affected by your combined household income. One scenario where separate filing might help is if the self-employed spouse has potential audit concerns or inconsistent income reporting that could create tax issues. In that case, the W-2 earner might want to file separately to avoid joint liability. But strictly from a tax savings perspective, joint filing typically results in a lower total tax bill even with a Schedule C business involved.
Has anyone used the IRS withholding calculator to fix this problem? My husband and I keep owing every year despite both claiming "married" on our W-4s and I'm tired of writing checks to the IRS.
I've used it and it works pretty well. Just make sure you have your most recent paystubs and last year's tax return handy when you use it. The calculator will tell you exactly what to put on your W-4s. My husband and I both earn around $65k and we had to add about $80 additional withholding per paycheck each to break even.
Another approach worth considering - have you looked into setting up a Section 105 Plan? It's specifically designed for situations like yours. I'm a solo founder of a C Corp too, and my accountant helped me set this up. A Section 105 Plan allows your C Corp to reimburse you for medical expenses, including health insurance premiums. The reimbursements are tax-deductible to the corporation and tax-free to you. You'll need proper documentation, but it can be a great solution for solo C Corp owners.
I've never heard of a Section 105 Plan before. Is this something I need to set up before paying the premiums, or can it be established retroactively for premiums I've already paid out of pocket?
Ideally, you want to set up the Section 105 Plan before paying premiums. However, if you've already paid premiums personally, the plan can be established at any time during the tax year. Just make sure the plan documents are properly created and signed before December 31. After setting up the plan, your corporation can reimburse you for the premiums you paid personally. The reimbursement is deductible to the company and not taxable to you. Just be sure to keep excellent records of both the plan documentation and the reimbursements to satisfy any potential IRS questions.
Something critical that nobody's mentioned yet - as a C Corp with no revenue, you need to be careful about potential hobby loss rules. If you're not showing legitimate business activity, the IRS might question whether this is actually a business. Make sure you're documenting all your startup activities, have a solid business plan, and are making efforts to generate revenue. This will protect both your business deductions and any health insurance arrangements you set up.
I don't think hobby loss rules apply to C Corporations though? I thought that was just for individuals filing Schedule C or partnerships?
Something nobody's mentioned yet - if your LLC is taxed as an S-Corporation, there's another wrinkle to consider. You need to be really careful about how you document any money moving from personal to business accounts to avoid it looking like constructive dividends going the wrong way. My accountant always advises setting up a clear paper trail showing the funds as either 1) additional paid-in capital or 2) a formal loan to the business with proper documentation. Just randomly moving money between accounts without documentation is asking for trouble if you're ever audited.
What kind of documentation would you need for the loan option? Is a simple promissary note enough or does it need to be more formal?
For a loan to your business, you need more than just a promissory note, though that's a good start. You should have a formal loan agreement that includes the principal amount, interest rate (should be at or above the applicable federal rate), repayment schedule, and consequences of default. Both parties should sign and date it. You also need to treat it like a real loan - make the scheduled payments, record the interest properly, and have your business actually pay you back according to the terms. If you don't follow through with actual repayments, the IRS could reclassify it as a capital contribution or income.
Just FYI - no matter how you structure moving the money from personal to business accounts, you're still gonna pay the same taxes on your stock gains. The only difference is whether you'll have proper documentation for the business side of things. And don't forget that different tax rates apply to stock gains depending on how long you held them! If you held the stocks for more than a year, those are long-term capital gains with lower tax rates. If less than a year, they're short-term gains taxed at your ordinary income rate.
This is the key point - the stock profits are taxed the same either way. What you're really asking about is the best way to get money into your business for equipment purchases, not how to reduce taxes on your stock gains.
Mei Wong
Have you tried Credit Karma Tax? It's completely free for all forms and I found it actually gave me a slightly better refund than TurboTax free did when I tried both last year. Worth checking out as another option.
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Mateo Lopez
ā¢I haven't tried Credit Karma Tax yet. Is it really completely free even for state returns? No hidden charges or upgrade prompts halfway through?
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Mei Wong
ā¢Yes, it's completely free for both federal and state returns. I used it last year and didn't encounter any upgrade prompts or hidden fees at all. They offer all the major forms and schedules at no cost. It's now called Cash App Taxes (Credit Karma sold that part of their business), but it's still free. The interface isn't quite as polished as TurboTax, but it works well and covers most tax situations including self-employment, investments, and homeowner deductions without charging anything.
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Liam Fitzgerald
Your refund is probably tiny because your withholding was more accurate this year, meaning you got more money in each paycheck instead of giving the IRS an interest-free loan. A smaller refund can actually be a good thing! Check your W2 box 2 and compare it to last year to see if you had less federal tax withheld.
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PixelWarrior
ā¢This is the correct answer. People think big refund = good, small refund = bad, but that's backward. Ideally you want your refund to be as close to $0 as possible, meaning you paid exactly what you owed throughout the year.
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