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One thing nobody's mentioned yet - if you're missing documents from that tax year, you can contact the financial institutions directly. Most banks and investment companies keep records for 7+ years and can provide statements showing your transactions. I had to do this when I moved last year and lost a box of financial documents. Called Vanguard and they emailed me statements going back 5 years within an hour. Same with my bank - they had all my mortgage interest statements available to download from their portal. Even if you end up paying what the IRS says you owe, it's worth gathering the documentation to make sure you're not overpaying. CP2000 notices often don't account for your cost basis on investments, which can make the tax due appear much higher than it actually is.
That's a great idea, I didn't even think about contacting the institutions directly! Would they have the same information that was sent to the IRS though? The notice mentions something about securities transactions but doesn't specify which company they're from.
Yes, they'll have records of exactly what was reported to the IRS. The 1099-B forms that investment companies file with the IRS (and the information that triggers CP2000 notices for unreported securities) come directly from these institutions. The CP2000 should list the payer's name somewhere in the notice (usually in a table showing the income that wasn't reported). If you can't find it, when you call the IRS to get your response deadline extended, ask them which financial institutions reported the income. They can tell you exactly where the information came from.
I'm surprised nobody mentioned this, but you might want to check if you reported the transactions on the wrong form. This happened to me - I reported stock sales on Schedule D but forgot to include Form 8949, so the IRS computer thought I hadn't reported them at all. When I called and explained this to the IRS agent, they checked my return and confirmed the income was actually there, just not on the correct form. They adjusted the proposed assessment significantly because I had reported most of the income, just not in the right place. Another common issue is when brokerages report gross proceeds but don't report basis to the IRS. So the IRS thinks the entire sale amount is profit when in reality you might have only gained a small amount or even had a loss.
This happened to me too! I reported everything correctly on Schedule D, but my brokerage didn't report my cost basis to the IRS. Got a scary CP2000 saying I owed $6,400 in additional taxes. Once I sent in my documentation showing what I paid for the stocks originally, my additional tax ended up being only $320.
I've been in the credit card rewards game for about 5 years now, and here's what my CPA advised me: For the 1099-MISCs issued in your personal name, you're good to include them on Schedule C if they're genuinely part of your business activity. The business substance matters more than whose name is on the form. For your spouse though, we set up a separate Schedule C for her portion. It's the cleanest way to handle it with minimal risk. Yes, it means she pays her own SE tax on her earnings, but it avoids any questions about commingling income. Another option: if you want everything under one Schedule C, consider setting up a formal partnership agreement between you and your spouse. We chose not to go this route because it added more complexity than just doing two separate Schedule Cs.
Do you net out expenses proportionally between the two Schedule Cs? Like if total expenses were $10k and one spouse earned 70% of income and other earned 30%, would you split expenses 70/30?
Yes, we allocate expenses proportionally based on income. If my wife's referral income is about 30% of our total business income, then she claims about 30% of the legitimate business expenses on her Schedule C. We keep very clean records showing which expenses are directly attributable to specific income streams, and which are general business expenses that benefit the entire operation. For shared expenses (like website hosting, business software, etc.), we use the income proportion to split them between our two Schedule Cs.
Kinda late to this thread but something nobody has mentioned - if your spouse isn't actively involved in running the business and just lets you use their referral links, the IRS might see this as assignment of income which is a no-no. You can't just move income between people even if you're married. Make sure your spouse is actually doing something in the business if you're going to claim their 1099-MISC income as business income on either your Schedule C or theirs.
One thing to remember about the American Opportunity Credit - it can only be claimed for the first 4 years of postsecondary education. If you were in a 5-year program or went to grad school, your parents wouldn't have been eligible to claim it for the extra years beyond your bachelor's. I got confused about this too because my dad claimed it for my undergrad years, but then when I started my master's program, we found out we could only use the Lifetime Learning Credit, which gives you less money back. Worth checking if this might be creating some of the confusion with your forms!
Thanks for mentioning this! My program was 4 years (2019-2023), but that's really good to know about the difference between undergrad and grad programs. Do you know if there's an easy way to tell from the tax forms if they claimed the AOC versus the Lifetime Learning Credit? I'm still a bit confused about how to interpret all these numbers.
You can tell which credit was claimed by looking at Part I of Form 8863. If there are numbers on lines 1-8, that's the American Opportunity Credit section. If there are numbers on lines 9-19, that's the Lifetime Learning Credit section. Some people might claim both credits in the same year if they have multiple students in the family (like one in undergrad and one in grad school). That's why you'll sometimes see numbers in both sections, which can definitely add to the confusion!
If you really want to be 100% sure, ask your parents to create an account on the IRS website and get their tax transcripts for those years. The transcript will show exactly what credits were claimed and for how much. My son and I had a similar confusion, and the tax transcripts cleared everything up instantly.
Getting transcripts online is great advice but not everyone can pass the identity verification process. My parents tried for weeks and couldn't get through it. They ended up having to request them by mail which took forever. Just a heads up that it might not be as quick as it sounds!
Be careful about FBAR requirements too! If your foreign accounts total over $10,000 at any point during the year, you needed to file FBAR reports. The penalties for missing these can be WAY worse than the actual tax penalties. I'm a dual citizen and got hammered with a $50K penalty for "willful" failure to file FBARs for 5 years, even though I didn't owe much in actual taxes. The IRS is extremely aggressive about offshore accounts right now.
Thanks for bringing this up - I definitely had over $10K in those foreign accounts. What documentation did you need to provide for the FBAR filings? And did you go through a tax attorney or handle it yourself?
You'll need account statements showing balances, account numbers, financial institution information, and maximum value during each year. For crypto exchanges, you'll need documentation showing your wallet values and transaction history. I tried handling it myself initially and that was a huge mistake. After receiving the first penalty notice, I hired a tax attorney who specialized in offshore compliance. The attorney was expensive ($350/hour) but worth every penny because they negotiated my penalties down significantly by proving my non-compliance wasn't willful. For your situation with both crypto and traditional foreign accounts, I'd definitely recommend getting professional help rather than trying to navigate it alone.
One important thing to note is that different cryptocurrencies are treated differently for tax purposes. If you've been staking or mining, that's considered income at the time received. If you've just been buying and selling, those are capital gains. And if you've been doing crypto-to-crypto trades, EACH of those is a taxable event! I learned this the hard way after doing hundreds of trades between different coins thinking I only needed to pay taxes when I converted back to USD. Had to pay a CPA $4,500 to sort out the mess.
Which tax software did you end up using for all the crypto-to-crypto transactions? I've been using TurboTax but it seems terrible for handling anything beyond basic crypto.
Isaac Wright
Has anyone done the math on whether the rental actually makes financial sense? $340/week is about $17,680 per year. You could buy a decent used Prius for less than that and have an asset at the end of the year instead of nothing.
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Lucy Taylor
ā¢I did this calculation last year. The rental only makes sense in specific situations: 1. If you need the car very short term (1-3 months) 2. If you're doing HEAVY driving (like 50+ hours per week) 3. If you can't qualify for financing to buy 4. If you're testing whether rideshare works for you before buying For most people, buying even a $5k used car is better financially in the long run.
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Isaac Wright
ā¢Makes sense. I guess there's value in having no maintenance costs or worries too, since everything is covered by the rental. But still seems like a huge premium to pay just for the convenience factor. I wonder if the tax deduction aspect changes the math at all.
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Connor Murphy
Don't forget you can also deduct a portion of your cell phone plan since it's required for Uber, plus any accessories you buy for customers (water, chargers, etc). And if you pay for any special cleaning or maintenance of the Tesla that's not included in the rental agreement, those are deductible business expenses too. I drive for Uber using a rental and my tax person helped me save a ton by identifying all these little deductions that add up.
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KhalilStar
ā¢What about car washes? I'm always getting my car washed because of the rating system. Can I deduct those too when using a rental?
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