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I adjunct at a community college too! For my $500ish biweekly checks, I have them withhold $100 for federal taxes. My spouse and I are in the 22% bracket with our combined incomes, and this has worked out almost perfectly for the past two years. You could try a similar percentage. Just remember that teaching income stacks on top of your other income for tax bracket purposes, so it's getting taxed at your highest marginal rate. Don't make the mistake I made the first year where I only had 10% withheld because I thought that's what the bracket would be if it was my only job!
I'm dealing with a similar situation with my part-time consulting work! One thing that really helped me was using the IRS Tax Withholding Estimator on their website. You can input all your income sources - your full-time job, your spouse's income, and your teaching income - and it will give you a pretty accurate recommendation for additional withholding. Since you're married filing jointly with two full-time incomes plus the teaching gig, you're likely in the 22% or 24% bracket. For your ~$435 biweekly checks, I'd probably start with requesting around $85-95 in federal withholding. You can always adjust it later if needed by submitting a new W-4. The key thing to remember is that this side income is being taxed at your marginal rate since it's "on top of" all your other income. Better to err on the side of slightly overwithholding than getting hit with underpayment penalties!
I'm a CPA and want to offer another perspective. While good tax preparers can often find additional deductions, a $10K difference sounds concerning. Here are some possibilities for such a large difference: 1. The preparer might be taking aggressive positions that could trigger an audit 2. They might be claiming credits you're not eligible for 3. They could be incorrectly classifying personal expenses as business expenses 4. They might have found legitimate deductions you missed in previous years and filed amendments Ask for a detailed explanation of what's creating the difference. If they can't explain it clearly or seem evasive, that's a huge red flag.
What's the line between "aggressive" tax positions and illegal ones? I had a preparer once who wanted to claim my entire basement as a home office when I only used a small corner of it occasionally.
Great question about aggressive versus illegal positions. The line involves having a "reasonable basis" for the position taken on your return. For example, with a home office, you must use that space "regularly and exclusively" for business. Claiming your entire basement when you only use a corner occasionally crosses into territory that lacks reasonable basis. Aggressive but legal positions might involve things like taking the maximum allowable depreciation on business equipment or carefully documenting business meals to maximize deductions. These methods push the boundaries but still comply with tax law. Illegal positions involve fabricating expenses, claiming personal expenses as business ones, or hiding income - things that clearly violate tax law and couldn't be reasonably defended in an audit.
Has anyone compared getting their taxes done at one of those storefront places (like H&R Block or Liberty Tax) vs those software programs vs an independent CPA? I'm wondering if there's really that much difference between all three options.
I've tried all three! Storefront places were only marginally better than using software myself - the people there seemed to be using the same software I could buy, just asking me questions. My refund was about the same. When I switched to a CPA who specializes in my industry (real estate), my refund increased by about $4,300. She found depreciation strategies and business expense classifications I hadn't considered. Worth the higher fee for sure!
Don't forget to look into a SEP IRA or Solo 401k as alternatives. As self-employed individuals, you can contribute much more pre-tax money to these accounts than to a traditional 401k at an employer. While this doesn't directly help with 529 contributions, reducing your overall tax burden may free up more money that you can then put toward 529s with after-tax dollars.
How much more can you actually contribute to a Solo 401k vs a regular employer 401k? I've heard mixed things and I'm trying to decide if it's worth the extra paperwork.
With a Solo 401k, you can contribute in two capacities - as both the employee and the employer. As an employee, you can contribute up to $22,500 (for 2023), just like with a regular 401k. But you can also make additional employer contributions of up to 25% of your compensation, with total contributions capped at $66,000. A regular employer 401k typically just allows the employee contribution plus whatever match your company provides, which is rarely anywhere near the maximum possible. The Solo 401k essentially lets you control both sides of the equation and maximize the total contribution.
Something nobody's mentioned yet - if you're really committed to funding those 529s, look into Coverdell ESAs as another option. They're more limited ($2k per year per beneficiary), but they cover K-12 expenses too, not just college. My accountant recommended using both types of accounts for our kids.
Aren't there income limitations on Coverdell accounts though? I thought if you make above a certain amount you can't contribute.
You're absolutely right about the income limits. For 2023, the Coverdell ESA contribution phases out between $95,000-$110,000 for single filers and $190,000-$220,000 for married filing jointly. So if your self-employment income is above those thresholds, you're out of luck with Coverdell accounts. That's one advantage 529 plans have - no income restrictions for contributions. Though honestly, with only $2k max per year per kid, the Coverdell limits aren't as painful as they could be.
I just dealt with this last year! I started a photography business, spent about $1200 on equipment and a website, but only made $200 in actual revenue. My tax guy said I could absolutely deduct all those expenses against my other income. The key thing he told me was to show a "profit motive" - basically that I'm trying to make money, not just pursuing a hobby. He had me create a simple business plan, keep logs of time spent working on the business, and document all my marketing efforts. I filed a Schedule C showing a loss for the first year and had no issues. Don't forget you can also deduct home office expenses if you have a dedicated space for the business, even pre-launch!
Did ur tax guy mention anything about having to make a profit in 3 out of 5 years? I heard the IRS considers it a hobby if u keep losing money year after year.
Yes, that's the "hobby loss rule" - if you show losses for more than 2 out of 5 consecutive years, the IRS might presume it's a hobby rather than a business. But it's just a presumption, not an automatic disqualification. You can still prove business intent with documentation like business plans, marketing efforts, professional advice you've sought, time and effort invested, etc. The rule is more about preventing people from writing off expensive hobbies as "businesses" indefinitely.
Great question! I went through something similar when I started my consulting business. Based on my experience and what I learned from my CPA, you should definitely be able to deduct those $650 in startup costs. The IRS considers you "in business" when you're actively working toward launching with genuine profit intent - which it sounds like you clearly have. Your website development, inventory purchases, and business cards all demonstrate legitimate business activity, even without sales yet. A few tips that helped me: - Keep a detailed log of all business-related activities (even time spent researching suppliers, working on your website, etc.) - Save all communications with vendors, web developers, etc. as proof of active business pursuit - Consider getting an EIN if you haven't already - it helps establish business legitimacy - Document your business plan and marketing strategy, even if informal When you file, you'll likely use Schedule C and can claim up to $5,000 in startup costs for your first year. The remaining expenses can be amortized over 15 years. Since you're clearly working toward launch (not just daydreaming), you should be fine claiming these as legitimate business expenses. Just make sure to keep excellent records in case the IRS ever asks questions. Good luck with your launch!
Elijah O'Reilly
I'm dealing with a really similar situation and this thread has been incredibly reassuring! I have a full-time job at a consulting firm and occasionally work a few shifts at a local bookstore where I used to work - maybe 8-10 shifts total throughout the year, just to stay connected with the team and maintain my employee discount on books. Like everyone else here, I checked that multiple jobs box when I started my main job because I thought I was being honest and thorough. But wow, my paychecks have been noticeably smaller than my coworkers who are in similar positions and tax brackets. I've been getting probably $130-150 less per month in take-home pay than I should. Reading through all these experiences has really clarified that the checkbox is designed for people with two substantial W-2 jobs earning comparable amounts, not those of us with a primary career plus what's essentially very part-time side work. My bookstore shifts probably only generate around $500-700 annually, which is nowhere near enough to justify the aggressive withholding I'm experiencing. I'm definitely going to follow the approach that's worked for so many people here - uncheck that box and add maybe $4-6 extra per paycheck on line 4c to cover the small tax liability from my bookstore income. The math makes perfect sense, and based on everyone's positive results, I should see a significant increase in my monthly take-home pay without any issues at tax time. Thanks for starting this discussion - it's been so helpful to see that this is a common situation with a straightforward solution!
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Laila Fury
ā¢Your bookstore situation sounds really similar to what I'm going through! I also have a full-time job and work very occasionally at a retail place - in my case it's a sporting goods store where I pick up maybe 6-8 shifts per year, mainly just to help out during busy seasons and keep my employee discount. Like you, I've been experiencing that same $130-150 monthly reduction in take-home pay compared to coworkers, and reading through this thread has been such an eye-opener. The $500-700 annual income you're describing from your bookstore work is almost exactly what I'm earning from my retail shifts, so your plan to add $4-6 extra per paycheck sounds spot-on. It's amazing how many of us are in these nearly identical situations - keeping minimal side jobs primarily for discounts and connections rather than significant income, but getting hit with that aggressive withholding designed for people with two substantial jobs. I'm definitely submitting my new W-4 next week too. Thanks for sharing your numbers - it really helps to see the math laid out so clearly!
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Libby Hassan
I've been following this discussion with great interest because I'm in an almost identical situation! I have a full-time job at a healthcare facility and work maybe one or two shifts per month at a retail pharmacy where I used to work full-time, mainly just to keep my pharmacy tech certification active and maintain my employee discount on prescriptions. When I filled out my W-4 for my healthcare job, I also checked that multiple jobs box thinking I was being completely transparent. But looking at my paystubs compared to my colleagues in similar positions, I'm definitely having way more withheld - probably around $140-160 extra per month. Your Target situation sounds even more minimal than mine in terms of frequency. If you're only working one 8-hour shift every 10 weeks, that's incredibly infrequent compared to what that checkbox is designed for. Based on all the success stories in this thread, it really seems like unchecking that box and adding just a small amount on line 4c is the way to go. I'm planning to calculate my expected annual income from my pharmacy shifts (probably around $800-900 for the year) and add about $6-8 extra per paycheck to cover the tax liability. That should give me back most of that overwithholding while ensuring I'm still covered come tax time. Thanks for asking this question - it's been so helpful to see that so many of us are dealing with this exact scenario and that there's a clear, proven solution!
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