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Sean Fitzgerald

Who can apply for unemployment benefits in Washington - confused about eligibility

I'm trying to figure out if I qualify for unemployment benefits through Washington ESD but I'm getting mixed information online. I worked part-time for about 8 months at a retail job before getting laid off last week. My coworker said I might not qualify because I wasn't full-time, but another friend said part-time workers can still get benefits. Can someone explain who actually qualifies for unemployment in Washington? I don't want to waste time filing if I'm not even eligible.

You can definitely apply even if you worked part-time! Washington ESD doesn't require full-time employment to qualify. The main requirements are: you must have worked and earned wages in Washington during your base period (usually the first 4 of the last 5 completed calendar quarters), you must be unemployed through no fault of your own, you must be able and available for work, and you must be actively searching for work. Part-time workers who meet these criteria can receive benefits.

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That's a relief! What exactly is the base period? I started working in March 2024 and got laid off in December 2024.

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For a claim filed now, your base period would be July 2023 through June 2024. Since you started in March 2024, you'd only have wages from March-June 2024 in your base period. You might want to check if you have enough wages to qualify - Washington ESD has minimum earning requirements.

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wait so even students can apply? im in college and work part time at a coffee shop, got my hours cut way down after the holidays

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Students can apply, but there are some restrictions. If you're attending school full-time, Washington ESD might consider you not 'available for work' which could affect your eligibility. You'd need to show you're available for work during normal business hours despite your class schedule.

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ugh this is so confusing. i can work around my classes but how do i prove that to them?

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Just go ahead and apply - let Washington ESD determine your eligibility rather than trying to figure it out yourself. I spent weeks researching whether I qualified and could have just filed and found out faster. The worst they can do is deny your claim, but if you think you might qualify, it's worth trying.

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Good point. I guess I'm just worried about doing something wrong or getting in trouble if I file when I shouldn't.

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There's no penalty for filing if you don't qualify - they'll just deny your claim. Better to try than wonder.

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I had a similar situation last year and couldn't get through to Washington ESD to ask about eligibility. Spent hours on hold trying to reach someone. Eventually found this service called Claimyr that helped me get through to an actual agent. Check out claimyr.com - they have a demo video at https://youtu.be/7DieNd3C7zQ that shows how it works. Made the whole process way less stressful.

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Never heard of that before. Is it legitimate? I'm always skeptical of third-party services for government stuff.

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Yeah it's legit - they just help you get through the phone system to reach an actual Washington ESD agent. I was able to get my eligibility questions answered in one call instead of spending days trying to reach someone.

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Here are the basic eligibility categories for Washington unemployment: regular employees who lose their jobs through no fault of their own, workers whose hours are reduced significantly, people who quit for 'good cause' (like unsafe working conditions or harassment), and in some cases, gig workers or independent contractors. You must also meet the monetary requirements - having earned enough wages during your base period.

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What counts as 'good cause' for quitting? I've been thinking about leaving my job because my boss is constantly yelling at everyone.

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Hostile work environment can be good cause, but you need to document it and usually try to resolve it with HR first. Washington ESD will investigate quit claims to determine if you had good cause.

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Don't forget about self-employed people! If you're self-employed, you generally can't get regular unemployment benefits unless you've been paying into the system. But there might be other programs available depending on your situation.

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I thought self-employed people could get unemployment during COVID?

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That was PUA (Pandemic Unemployment Assistance) which ended in 2021. Regular unemployment is still mainly for traditional employees.

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Washington ESD has pretty clear guidelines on their website about who can apply. Military veterans, federal employees, and people who worked in other states might have different rules. The key is having enough wages in your base period and being unemployed through no fault of your own.

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I haven't worked in any other states, just Washington. Do I need to calculate my wages myself or will they figure that out?

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Washington ESD will calculate your wages based on what employers reported. You just need to provide your SSN and they'll pull your wage history.

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even if you're not sure about eligibility, filing doesn't hurt. i was convinced i wouldn't qualify because i only worked 6 months but i did qualify and have been getting benefits for 2 months now

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That's encouraging! How long did it take to find out if you were approved?

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took about 2 weeks to get my first payment. had to do the whole job search thing but wasn't too bad

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Make sure you understand the work search requirements before you file. Washington ESD requires you to actively look for work and keep a log of your job search activities. You need to be genuinely available for work, not just going through the motions.

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How many jobs do you have to apply for each week? I heard it was like 3 or something.

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You need to complete 3 job search activities per week. This can include applying for jobs, attending job fairs, networking events, or doing skills training.

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The Washington ESD system is pretty good at determining eligibility automatically. When you file your claim, they'll look at your wage history and work circumstances. If there are any issues, they'll contact you or put your claim into adjudication for review.

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What happens during adjudication? Is that when they decide if you qualify?

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Adjudication is when they need to investigate something about your claim - like if you quit your job or if there's a question about your wages. It can take a few weeks but you'll get a decision.

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I've been helping people with unemployment claims for years and the most common mistake is people assuming they don't qualify. Washington has some of the more generous eligibility rules compared to other states. Even if you worked multiple part-time jobs, had gaps in employment, or have a complicated work history, you might still qualify.

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That's reassuring. I was worried because I had a two-week gap between jobs earlier this year.

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Small gaps won't disqualify you as long as you have enough wages in your base period. The system looks at your total earnings, not employment continuity.

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One thing to watch out for - if you're collecting any other benefits like workers compensation or social security, that might affect your unemployment benefits. Washington ESD will ask about other income sources when you file.

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What about if you get a small pension from a previous job? Does that count as other income?

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Yes, pension income can affect your unemployment benefits. The amount of reduction depends on how the pension is funded - whether you contributed to it or not.

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Just want to add that Washington ESD has been pretty helpful when I've called with questions. If you're really unsure about eligibility, calling them directly is your best bet. Though getting through can be tough - I had luck with that Claimyr service someone mentioned earlier.

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I might try that if I can't get through the regular way. Thanks for all the help everyone!

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Good luck! The application process is pretty straightforward once you get started.

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Don't forget that Washington ESD also handles claims for federal employees and ex-military through special programs. If you've worked for the federal government or served in the military recently, there might be different rules that apply to your situation.

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Good point. I know veterans have some special protections but I'm not sure about the details.

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Veterans can sometimes use their military service to help meet the wage requirements if they don't have enough civilian wages.

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honestly the eligibility rules are pretty straightforward once you read through them. the main thing is you need to have worked and earned wages in washington, you need to be unemployed through no fault of your own, and you need to be able and available for work. if you meet those basics you should qualify

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Thanks! I think I meet all those requirements. I'm going to go ahead and file my claim.

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good luck! the process is pretty easy once you get started

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I want to emphasize that Washington ESD has really good resources on their website about eligibility. They have a whole section that walks through different scenarios - part-time workers, seasonal workers, people who quit, people who were fired, etc. It's worth reading through that before you file.

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Yeah their website is actually pretty helpful. Much better than some other state unemployment sites I've seen.

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Agreed. Washington ESD has done a good job making the information accessible and easy to understand.

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Last thing - make sure you file your claim as soon as possible after becoming unemployed. There's no waiting period in Washington, and you can't get benefits for weeks before you file your claim. The sooner you file, the sooner you can start receiving benefits if you qualify.

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Good to know! I was laid off last Friday so I should probably file this week.

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Definitely file this week. You can file online 24/7 which makes it really convenient.

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