When do I need to make my SEP IRA contributions for 2023 tax year?
Hey everyone! I'm a freelance graphic designer and this is my second year being self-employed. I'm trying to figure out the timing for my SEP IRA contributions. I made about $85,000 last year (2023) from my business after expenses, and I want to maximize my retirement contributions before filing my taxes. I know the deadline for filing is April 15th, but I'm confused about whether I can still make SEP contributions for 2023 even though we're already in 2024. Can I make these contributions right up until I file my taxes? Or is there a different deadline? Also, how much can I actually contribute? I've seen conflicting information about the percentage limits. I haven't set up a SEP account yet - is it too late to open one for 2023 contributions? My accountant is out of town for another week, and I'm trying to get everything organized before he gets back. Any help would be super appreciated!
19 comments


Victoria Scott
Yes, you can still make SEP IRA contributions for the 2023 tax year! The deadline for SEP contributions is your tax filing deadline, including extensions. So if you file by April 15, 2024, that's your deadline - but if you file for an extension, you can contribute until October 15, 2024. For your contribution limits, as a self-employed person, you can contribute up to 25% of your net self-employment income, with a maximum of $66,000 for 2023. But there's a specific calculation because you need to deduct your self-employment tax and the SEP contribution itself. Generally, it works out to about 20% of your net income. And no, it's not too late to set up a SEP for 2023! You can establish and fund a SEP IRA up until your tax filing deadline (including extensions) for the year you want to contribute.
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Benjamin Johnson
•Thanks for the info! Just to clarify - if I file for an extension but actually submit my taxes early (say in July), can I still make SEP contributions through October 15? Or is my contribution deadline whenever I actually file?
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Victoria Scott
•Your deadline is when you actually file your return, not the extension date. So if you file in July, that would be your contribution deadline, even though the extension runs until October 15. If you're planning to make a substantial contribution, it's often a good strategy to file the extension first (which gives you until October 15), then take your time to fund your SEP, and then file your actual return once your contributions are complete.
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Zara Perez
I was in the same situation last year with my SEP timing and found taxr.ai super helpful for figuring out all the retirement account rules. https://taxr.ai actually has a tool that helps calculate your maximum allowable contribution based on your self-employment income, which saved me from making a mistake with my SEP contribution limits. It walks you through the exact calculation so you don't over-contribute. What I really like is that it tells you how to properly sequence everything - when to open the account, when to make contributions, and what documentation you need for tax filing. Saved me a lot of headaches!
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Daniel Rogers
•Does it work if you have both W-2 income and self-employment income? I'm in a hybrid situation and always get confused about how much I can put into different retirement accounts.
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Aaliyah Reed
•I've heard of similar services but they usually just give generic info that I could find on Google. Does it actually give personalized advice specific to your situation? My taxes get complicated with multiple income streams.
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Zara Perez
•Yes, it handles combined W-2 and self-employment income situations! The tool specifically accounts for that and helps you maximize across different account types without exceeding limits. It shows you the interactions between 401(k)s from employers and SEP/Solo accounts from your self-employment income. For personalized advice, that's actually where it shines compared to generic Google searches. You upload your documents and it analyzes your specific situation, accounts for all your income streams, and gives recommendations tailored to your tax profile. It's not just generic info - it shows you the exact calculations for your case.
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Aaliyah Reed
Just wanted to follow up - I decided to try taxr.ai after asking about it here, and it was really helpful! I uploaded my 1099s and last year's return, and it actually showed me I was eligible for a much higher SEP contribution than I thought ($32,500 vs the $20,000 I had calculated). The step-by-step instructions for setting up my account and making the contribution were super clear. The deadline explanation matched what others said here - tax filing deadline including extensions, but it also flagged that I needed to have the SEP established before my filing date even if I fund it later. Already filed my taxes with the higher retirement deduction and got a nice refund boost!
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Ella Russell
If you're having trouble reaching your accountant, Claimyr got me connected with an actual IRS agent who walked me through my SEP questions in about 20 minutes. After waiting on hold for literally hours trying to call the IRS directly, I found https://claimyr.com and watched their demo video at https://youtu.be/_kiP6q8DX5c. They basically wait on hold with the IRS for you, then call you when an agent is ready. The IRS agent confirmed all my SEP questions and even helped me understand how my contribution would affect my estimated tax payments for next year. Much better than trying to piece together info from different websites with conflicting advice.
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Mohammed Khan
•How does this actually work? Do they just call the IRS for you? I thought the IRS wouldn't talk to third parties about your tax situation without authorization.
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Gavin King
•Sounds like a scam. Nobody can magically get through to the IRS faster. I've tried calling for weeks and always get the "call volume too high" message. I'll believe it when I see it.
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Ella Russell
•They don't talk to the IRS on your behalf - the service just handles the waiting on hold part. When an IRS agent finally answers, Claimyr connects you directly to the call. It's still you talking to the IRS, not a third party. The magic isn't getting through faster, it's that they handle the hold time so you don't have to listen to that awful hold music for hours. They use an automated system that waits in the queue, and when an agent picks up, you get a call to join the conversation. No authorization issues because you're the one actually speaking with the IRS.
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Gavin King
I have to apologize for my skepticism about Claimyr. I decided to try it after posting here because my SEP questions were getting more urgent. The service actually worked exactly as described - I got a call back in about 45 minutes saying they had an IRS agent on the line. The agent confirmed that I could still set up and fund a SEP for 2023, and clarified the calculation method for my specific situation. She also explained that I needed to have the account established before filing my return, even if I fund it later. Saved me from making a mistake that could have triggered penalties. Never thought I'd be recommending an IRS-related service, but this honestly saved me hours of frustration.
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Nathan Kim
Quick tip that saved me last year: If you're setting up a SEP for the first time, remember that some brokerages take several days to process new account applications. Don't wait until April 14th to start the process! I use Vanguard and it took about 7 business days from application to being able to fund my account. Also, keep in mind that the 25% limit is really closer to 20% of your net profit due to the way the calculation works. There's a specific formula the IRS uses that reduces your maximum contribution.
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Ezra Collins
•Thanks for the tip about account setup timing! I was thinking of using Fidelity - has anyone had experience with how long their SEP setup process takes? I definitely don't want to miss the deadline because of administrative delays.
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Nathan Kim
•I haven't used Fidelity specifically for a SEP, but my buddy set one up with them last year and I believe it took about 3-4 business days to complete. Still, I'd recommend giving yourself at least two weeks before the deadline just to be safe. The other thing to consider is that even after the account is set up, transfers from your bank can take a few additional days to clear. Electronic transfers are typically faster than mailing a check, but even those can take 1-3 business days depending on your bank and the brokerage.
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Eleanor Foster
One thing nobody's mentioned - make sure you're calculating your contribution correctly if you have an LLC or S-Corp! The rules are different depending on how your business is structured. With my S-Corp, I pay myself a salary and the SEP contribution limit is based on my W-2 wages, not my total business profit.
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Lucas Turner
•This is an important point. Are you saying if I'm an LLC taxed as an S-Corp and I pay myself $60,000 in salary but the business makes $120,000 in profit, my SEP contribution would be limited to 25% of the $60,000 salary, not the full $120,000?
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Kingston Bellamy
•Exactly right! With an S-Corp election, your SEP contribution is limited to 25% of your W-2 wages, not the business profits. So in your example with $60,000 salary, your max SEP contribution would be around $15,000 (25% of $60k), even though the business made $120,000 total. This is why many S-Corp owners also consider Solo 401(k)s instead of SEPs - with a Solo 401(k), you can contribute as both employee and employer, potentially allowing for higher total contributions. The employee portion can be up to $22,500 (for 2023) plus 25% of your W-2 wages as the employer contribution. Make sure to discuss this with your accountant since the optimal salary vs. distribution split for S-Corps involves balancing self-employment tax savings against retirement contribution opportunities.
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