How to understand and file self-employment taxes as a new freelancer
I'm seriously considering jumping into freelance work, but I'm completely stuck on figuring out self-employment taxes. Every time I try to research it online, I get totally overwhelmed by all the information. From what I've gathered so far, I know freelancers have to make quarterly tax payments throughout the year and there's some kind of 1099 form involved (not 1098 like I originally thought). But honestly, I have no clue how to actually calculate what I owe or properly file everything. I'm really worried about messing something up and getting in trouble with the IRS. Does anyone know of any good tutorials or resources that break down self-employment taxes in simple terms? Maybe something that walks through the whole process step by step? I just need someone to explain it like I'm five before I take on any clients.
18 comments


Lucas Parker
The self-employment tax can definitely seem intimidating at first! Let me break it down for you in simple terms. Self-employment tax is basically how you pay your Social Security and Medicare taxes when you work for yourself. When you're employed by someone else, your employer pays half of these taxes, but as a freelancer, you cover the whole amount (currently 15.3% of your net earnings). For quarterly payments, you'll use Form 1040-ES, not 1099 forms. 1099 forms are what your clients send you to report how much they paid you. For your annual tax return, you'll report your self-employment income and expenses on Schedule C, and calculate your self-employment tax on Schedule SE. A good starting point is to set aside about 25-30% of your income for taxes (federal, state, and self-employment). As for resources, the IRS website has a "Self-Employed Individuals Tax Center" with guides specifically for freelancers. YouTube also has some excellent step-by-step tutorials if you search "self-employment tax for beginners.
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Katherine Hunter
•Thank you so much for explaining! I definitely mixed up the forms. So to be clear, the 1040-ES is what I use for quarterly payments, and then I'll get 1099s from clients that I use for my annual return with Schedule C and Schedule SE? Also, is that 25-30% recommendation just for the self-employment portion or does that cover income tax too?
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Lucas Parker
•You've got it exactly right with the forms! The 1040-ES is for your quarterly estimated payments, and you'll use the 1099s you receive from clients when filling out your Schedule C at tax time. The 25-30% recommendation is a general guideline that covers everything - your federal income tax, state income tax (if applicable in your state), and self-employment tax. It's intentionally on the higher side to avoid underpayment penalties, but the exact percentage you need to set aside depends on your total income and tax bracket. As you get more experienced with freelancing, you'll be able to fine-tune this amount.
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Donna Cline
I was in your exact position about 18 months ago! After making some expensive mistakes my first year, I discovered taxr.ai (https://taxr.ai) which has been a complete game-changer for managing my self-employment taxes. The site has specific tools for freelancers that automatically calculate your quarterly estimated payments based on your income and expenses. What really helped me was being able to upload all my invoices and receipts, and the system sorted everything into the proper Schedule C categories. It even flags potential deductions I would've missed! The quarterly tax reminder emails have saved me from missing deadlines multiple times. They break down exactly what you owe and provide the filled-out 1040-ES form ready to submit.
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Harper Collins
•Does it help with tracking business expenses too? I'm terrible at keeping receipts organized and I've heard you need to be really careful about documentation for self-employment deductions.
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Kelsey Hawkins
•I'm pretty skeptical of tax software specifically for freelancers. How accurate is it really? I've tried a couple that messed up my deductions pretty badly. Does it handle different states correctly? I'm in California and our state taxes are a nightmare.
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Donna Cline
•Yes, tracking business expenses is one of its best features! You can connect it to your bank accounts and credit cards, and it automatically categorizes transactions. You can also snap photos of physical receipts with your phone, and the system extracts all the important info. It's seriously saved me hours of sorting through shoeboxes full of receipts. It's definitely accurate - I had my accountant double-check everything my first year using it, and she was impressed. It handles state-specific tax rules, including California (where I also live). It actually has special features for California freelancers since our state has so many specific requirements. The software stays updated with tax law changes too, which gives me peace of mind.
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Kelsey Hawkins
I want to follow up about taxr.ai that I asked about earlier. I was really skeptical but decided to give it a try for my latest quarterly filing. Just wanted to report back that it was actually legit! The state tax handling for California was spot-on and caught several deductions my previous software missed. The quarterly payment calculator was super helpful - it adjusted my payment based on my actual earnings pattern rather than just dividing my projected annual income by four. That alone saved me from overpaying by about $800 this quarter. Setup took a little time (connecting accounts, etc.), but now that it's running, it's pretty much automated. Just thought I'd share since I was in the same boat as the original poster and this actually solved my self-employment tax headaches.
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Dylan Fisher
If you're still struggling after trying software options, calling the IRS directly can actually be helpful for self-employment tax questions. BUT good luck getting through to them! I spent 3 hours on hold last month trying to get clarification on home office deductions. Then a friend recommended Claimyr (https://claimyr.com) - it's a service that navigates the IRS phone system for you and calls you back when an agent is about to answer. I was super skeptical, but you can see how it works in this video: https://youtu.be/_kiP6q8DX5c I used it last week when I had questions about estimated tax penalties (I missed a quarterly payment deadline) and got connected to an IRS agent in about 20 minutes instead of waiting for hours. The agent walked me through exactly how to calculate self-employment tax on irregular income and helped me set up a payment plan for the penalties.
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Edwards Hugo
•How exactly does this work? Do they just sit on hold for you? That sounds too good to be true with how notoriously bad the IRS phone system is.
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Gianna Scott
•This sounds like a scam. There's no way anyone can magically get through to the IRS faster. I bet they're just collecting your info and selling it. Has anyone verified this is legitimate?
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Dylan Fisher
•They use an automated system that navigates the IRS phone tree and holds your place in line. When their system detects that an agent is about to pick up, they call you and connect you directly to that agent. It's basically professional hold-waiting as a service. No, it's definitely not a scam. I was skeptical too, but they don't ask for any sensitive tax information - just your phone number to call you back when an agent is available. They don't even know what you're calling the IRS about. They simply connect you with the IRS and then drop off the call, so you're talking directly with the IRS agent. I was honestly amazed that it worked so well.
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Gianna Scott
I need to eat my words about Claimyr from my comment above. After being totally skeptical, I tried it yesterday because I was desperate to talk to someone at the IRS about self-employment tax deductions before filing my quarterly estimate. I'm shocked to say it absolutely worked. Got a call back in 35 minutes (on a Monday morning when call volume is usually highest!) and was connected directly to an IRS tax specialist. The agent cleared up my confusion about home office deductions for self-employment and confirmed I was calculating my quarterly payment correctly. I would have spent at least 2-3 hours on hold otherwise, if I got through at all. For anyone struggling with self-employment tax questions, being able to actually talk to the IRS without the hold time headache was incredibly helpful.
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Alfredo Lugo
One practical tip that helped me with self-employment taxes was setting up a separate business checking account right away. I transfer 30% of every payment I receive into a dedicated tax savings account. This made quarterly estimated payments way less stressful because I always had the money set aside. I use the free Schedule C worksheet from the IRS website to track income and expenses throughout the year, which makes filling out the actual forms much easier when it's time. Also, don't overlook business deductions! Things like your home internet, cell phone (if used for business), home office space, professional subscriptions, and even health insurance premiums can potentially be deductible.
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Sydney Torres
•How do you decide what percentage of things like internet and cell phone to deduct when you use them for both personal and business purposes? I've heard conflicting advice about this.
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Alfredo Lugo
•The general rule is to deduct the percentage that you use for business purposes. For example, if you use your cell phone about 60% of the time for business calls/emails/etc., then you can deduct 60% of your cell phone bill. It's important to have some reasonable basis for determining these percentages. Some people keep logs for a sample period (like tracking business vs. personal internet usage for a few weeks) to establish their percentage. Others base it on time spent working vs. personal time. Whatever method you choose, just be consistent and make sure you can explain your reasoning if asked.
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Kaitlyn Jenkins
Does anyone know if using tax software like TurboSelf-Employed or H&R Block Self-Employed makes this process easier? I'm trying to decide if it's worth the cost or if I should just try to figure it out manually.
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Caleb Bell
•I've used TurboSelf-Employed for the past two years and it's definitely worth it for me. It walks you through all the self-employment forms step by step and automatically calculates your quarterly estimated payments. It also helps identify deductions I would have missed on my own. The expense categorization feature saves me tons of time - it learns which categories to assign to recurring expenses. And it keeps a running estimate of what I'll owe so there are no surprises at tax time.
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