Thanks for mentioning this. We actually don't have kids yet, so I'm not sure if we'd qualify for the EITC. And honestly, I don't think either of us updated our W-4s after getting married - I didn't even know that was a thing we needed to do. Would fixing that help us for this year's taxes or just for next year?

You can still qualify for EITC without children, though the amount is smaller. It depends on your income level - for 2023 taxes, married couples filing jointly with no qualifying children can get EITC if their income is below about $24,210. Regarding the W-4 adjustments, unfortunately that would only help you for future tax years, not for the return you've already filed. But you should definitely both submit new W-4 forms to your employers right away to prevent this problem next year. When both spouses work, you often need to withhold at a higher rate than single filers to account for your combined income pushing you into higher tax brackets. The IRS has a Tax Withholding Estimator tool on their website that can help you fill out your W-4 correctly.

This is generally bad advice for most people. MFS rarely results in tax savings and actually disqualifies you from several tax benefits like education credits, child care credits, and earned income credit. It's usually only beneficial in very specific situations like when one spouse has income-based student loan payments or massive medical expenses.

That's interesting! So are you saying the IRS doesn't strictly apply the $1,470 monthly limit that the SSA uses? My daughter has Down syndrome and occasionally works more hours for special events, but we still provide over 90% of her support.

That's right - while the IRS and SSA both use the term "substantial gainful activity," the IRS focuses more on the overall support situation rather than rigidly applying the monthly earnings limit. If you're providing 90% of your daughter's support, you're well within the requirements to claim her as a dependent. The key test for the IRS is whether you provide more than half of your dependent's total support for the year. The SGA question becomes more relevant if they're earning enough that they might be supporting themselves. Even with occasional higher earnings for special events, it sounds like your situation clearly meets the support test.

There are different SGA thresholds for blind individuals versus non-blind individuals with disabilities. In 2023, the threshold was $2,460 per month for blind individuals and $1,470 for non-blind. Doesn't matter what type of disability otherwise - physical, cognitive, etc all fall under the same threshold as long as they're not blind.

Do these ghost preparers ever get caught? Seems like they're scamming a lot of people and the IRS should be all over this.

Yes, the IRS does prosecute these preparers when they catch them, but it's challenging because many operate informally through social media and don't leave much of a paper trail. They often use temporary contact information, prepaid phones, and don't properly sign returns as preparers. The IRS has been conducting a nationwide crackdown on fraudulent preparers, with some high-profile prosecutions resulting in prison time and heavy fines. However, they can't catch everyone, which is why they focus on educating taxpayers about the risks. Remember, even if a preparer completes your return, YOU are legally responsible for all information on it and any resulting penalties.

That's true, but most people making $78K like OP wouldn't qualify for EITC, right? I think there's an income limit that's much lower.

Thanks for pointing this out! My income was definitely below those limits in 2021 (around $65k) so I was eligible for the full contribution. I think I might have been confused about how much I actually contributed - just double checked and it was exactly $6k, not $8k like I initially wrote. My memory isn't what it used to be lol. If I'm understanding everyone correctly, since the Roth contribution doesn't affect my tax liability and my income was too high for the Saver's Credit but below the Roth income limits, there's really no benefit to amending my return. Does that sound right?

That's exactly right. If your contribution was $6k (within the limit), your income was below the Roth IRA income thresholds but above the Saver's Credit limit, there's really no reason to amend your return. The IRS already has the information from the Form 5498 that your financial institution filed, and since Roth contributions don't impact your tax liability, you're good to go. One less thing to worry about!

Can you explain what a "backdoor Roth conversion" is? I keep hearing about it but don't really understand the concept or why it matters for record keeping.

Good point! I just checked and you're right - my state withholding also changed on my part-time job. I'm in Illinois, and it looks like they increased the state withholding percentage at the same time as the federal. Any specific suggestions for handling state withholding with multiple jobs? Is it similar to federal or do they have different rules?

State withholding generally follows similar principles to federal, but each state has its own specific forms and calculation methods. For Illinois, they use your federal allowances as a starting point for state withholding calculations. I'd recommend checking the Illinois Department of Revenue website for their withholding calculator or Form IL-W-4. Since both jobs are now withholding correctly, you might just need to make sure your additional withholding amount on your full-time job's W-4 is adjusted downward to account for the new withholding happening at your part-time job. The goal is to get your total withholding across both jobs to match your expected tax liability.

That's actually by design! The 2020 W-4 redesign and IRS withholding tables are set up so that if you check the multiple jobs box, your second/lower paying job often has a higher withholding percentage. This is because the system assumes your first job already uses up your standard deduction and lower tax brackets, so additional income is taxed at higher marginal rates.