Oh geez, I didn't even think about that. I've been reporting my US income but didn't include the interest from my Australian accounts (which is pretty minimal, maybe $200/year). I haven't touched my Super since moving here - do I really need to report that too?? This is getting more complicated than I thought.

Yes, technically all worldwide income needs to be reported on your US tax returns, even small amounts of interest. However, small amounts are unlikely to trigger major issues. Australian Superannuation funds are a complicated area for US tax purposes. Some tax professionals argue they should be treated as foreign pensions (which have specific reporting), while others consider them PFICs (Passive Foreign Investment Companies) which require Form 8621 filing. Some even argue they could be considered foreign trusts requiring Forms 3520/3520-A. This might be one area where professional advice is warranted, as the reporting requirements are complex and the penalties for incorrect PFIC or trust reporting are significant. You might want to look into streamlined filing procedures which cover both delinquent FBARs and amended tax returns in one process.

It's the combined total of all your foreign financial accounts at any point during the year. So if the maximum balances of all your accounts together exceeded $10,000 at any point, even for a day, you need to file an FBAR for that year. For example, if you had three accounts with $4,000 each ($12,000 total), you would need to file even though no single account exceeds $10,000.

This is terrible advice. My cousin did exactly this for years with his landscaping side gig and got absolutely hammered with back taxes, penalties and interest when they finally caught him. Ended up owing more than triple what he would have if he'd just reported it properly.

That's actually a terrible idea. Intentionally underreporting some income while reporting other income demonstrates knowledge and intent, which can bump you from the "negligence" penalty category (20%) to the "fraud" category (75%). It shows you knew you should report the income but deliberately chose not to report all of it. If you're going to report some, you should report all of it. Partial compliance often looks worse than simple "forgetting" because it proves you knew the rules but chose to break them anyway.

Thank you for this info! What specific form should I be asking for? My HSA is through Optum and they sent me a "Return of Excess Contributions" form, but then told me on the phone it only works for 2024/2025 contributions.

That "Return of Excess Contributions" form from Optum is actually the correct form! The phone rep was misinformed (unfortunately common). On the form, there should be a field for the "tax year of excess contribution" - put 2020 there. If they reject it, specifically request to speak with their tax compliance department and mention IRS Publication 969, which covers HSA corrections for prior years. Also, make sure to check the box indicating this is to "remove excess contributions" rather than just taking a normal distribution. This ensures it's coded correctly when reported to the IRS. Optum will send you a 1099-SA for the withdrawal, which you'll report on your 2025 tax return (assuming you do this correction this year).

For a 2023 excess contribution, you're actually still within the timeframe to fix it without penalties! You have until your tax filing deadline (including extensions) to remove excess contributions from the previous year. So for 2023 contributions, you have until April 15, 2025 (or October 15, 2025 if you file an extension).

Thanks for breaking that down! Have you ever caught it missing deductions you should have gotten? That's my biggest worry tbh

I have actually caught it missing things a few times over the years. It's generally good at finding common deductions, but it misses some of the more obscure ones unless you know to look for them. For example, last year I realized it didn't prompt me about the student loan interest deduction until I specifically searched for it, even though I had entered student loan information. It's not perfect, which is why it helps to have at least a basic understanding of what deductions you might qualify for.

I've used both. For small business stuff like an Etsy shop, I actually preferred H&R Block. Their self-employment version seemed to ask more relevant questions about business expenses and gave better guidance on what qualifies. TurboTax was more confusing for the business portion in my experience.

Honestly they're pretty similar but I found TurboTax had a slightly better interface. For Etsy specifically though, make sure whichever one you choose can import your Etsy 1099-K directly. Saves a ton of time vs. entering everything manually.

Does it handle casualty losses well? I had damage from the tornado in Kentucky and I'm worried about messing up the documentation.

Yes, FreeTaxUSA does handle casualty losses - they have a guided interview process for Form 4684 Casualties and Thefts. It asks all the relevant questions about your loss, insurance reimbursements, and fair market values. For tornado damage documentation, make sure you have before/after photos if possible, all repair receipts, insurance claim documents, and any FEMA assistance information. The software prompts you for all this, but it's good to have everything organized beforehand. I found their help articles very thorough on casualty loss requirements.

Thanks for the insight! Do you think it's worth paying a CPA $1000 vs H&R Block for my situation with the Florida casualty loss? I'm trying to decide if the extra cost is worth it.

For a significant casualty loss like yours ($200K), I'd absolutely recommend going with the CPA over H&R Block. While H&R Block has some good preparers, their training specifically on casualty losses is often limited compared to a CPA's education and experience. A good CPA will likely save you more than the $200-400 difference in fees through proper documentation strategies, timing considerations for your loss claim, and potentially finding additional disaster relief provisions you qualify for. They'll also provide better audit protection and assistance if questions arise later. With losses of that magnitude, the additional expertise is definitely worth the investment.