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One thing nobody mentioned - if you received any life insurance proceeds, those are generally NOT taxable income (though they may affect your estate taxes if the policy was owned by the deceased). Also, if your spouse had a traditional IRA or 401k, you have special options as a surviving spouse that other beneficiaries don't have. You can roll those retirement accounts into your own IRA rather than taking required distributions immediately.
I'm so sorry for your loss, Samantha. This is such a difficult time and dealing with tax questions on top of everything else must feel overwhelming. The advice about filing statuses here is spot-on - you can still file married filing jointly for 2024 (the year your husband passed), then use qualifying widow status for the next two tax years which will give you better rates than filing single. One thing I'd add is don't feel pressured to rush into major financial decisions right now. The IRS gives surviving spouses some flexibility, and you have time to figure things out properly. Also consider reaching out to a local tax professional or even contacting VITA (Volunteer Income Tax Assistance) programs in your area - many have experience with widow/widower situations and can walk through your specific circumstances for free. Take care of yourself during this process.
Thank you for mentioning VITA programs - I had no idea these existed! As someone who's never had to deal with taxes alone before, the idea of free help from people who understand widow situations sounds like exactly what I need. Do you happen to know if they're available year-round or only during tax season? I'm worried I might miss the window to get help since we're getting close to the end of the year.
I just went through a similar transfer with my wife's E*TRADE account last month. One thing I'd add is to make sure you understand how the cost basis will be reported going forward. Even though the transfer itself isn't taxable, the way gains and losses are calculated can get tricky if you have stocks with multiple purchase dates at different prices. What helped us was creating a spreadsheet before the transfer documenting all our positions, their original purchase dates, and cost basis. This became invaluable when we later needed to understand which lots to sell for tax optimization. E*TRADE's default cost basis method might not be the most tax-efficient for your situation, so you may want to specify FIFO, LIFO, or specific identification depending on your goals. Also, if you have any mutual funds in the account, double-check if there are any restrictions on transfers. Some funds have holding periods or transfer fees that could complicate things. We discovered one of our funds had a 90-day restriction that we weren't aware of initially.
This is really helpful advice about the cost basis tracking! I hadn't thought about the different methods (FIFO, LIFO, etc.) and how they might affect our taxes down the road. Since we have quite a few positions that were bought at different times, I'm wondering - is there a way to change the cost basis method after the transfer is complete, or do we need to specify this with Vanguard before we do the ownership change? Also, did you find that creating that spreadsheet was difficult, or was E*TRADE able to provide you with all the detailed purchase history you needed?
Great question! You can usually change the cost basis method after the transfer, but it's much easier to set it up correctly from the beginning. Most brokerages allow you to change the method for future sales, but any sales that have already occurred are locked in with whatever method was used at the time. E*TRADE was pretty good about providing detailed purchase history - they have a "Cost Basis" section where you can download all the lot details. However, I still recommend creating your own spreadsheet because their reports can be a bit hard to read, especially if you have dividend reinvestments mixed in. The spreadsheet also helps you visualize which lots might be best to sell first for tax purposes. One tip: if you have a lot of positions, focus on documenting the ones with the biggest gains or losses first, since those will have the most impact on your taxes. For smaller positions, the default method might be fine.
One important aspect that hasn't been fully covered is the timing of when to notify the IRS about this change, if at all. While the transfer itself between spouses isn't a taxable event, you'll want to make sure your tax records are consistent. When you file your next joint return, any capital gains or losses from the account will be reported under your husband's SSN since he'll be the sole owner. This is perfectly fine and normal - the IRS expects this kind of documentation shift between spouses. Just make sure that if you have any carryover losses from previous years that haven't been used yet, you maintain good records showing they can still be applied against future gains from this account. Also, if you have any pending dividend payments or capital gain distributions scheduled from mutual funds in the account, those will be reported under your husband's SSN going forward. This shouldn't cause any issues, but it's good to be aware of it when preparing your taxes. The key is consistency in your record-keeping and making sure both of you understand what documentation you'll need come tax time.
This is excellent advice about maintaining consistency in record-keeping! I'm curious though - if we have accumulated capital losses over several years that haven't been fully utilized yet, and now the account ownership changes to just my husband, will those carryover losses still be available when we file jointly? I know you mentioned maintaining good records, but I'm wondering if there's any specific documentation the IRS expects to see that proves these losses can still be applied to gains from the newly single-owner account. Should we be keeping copies of previous tax returns that show these unused losses, or is there something more formal we need to do?
Wait, I'm confused. If you were working as a consultant, wouldn't you get a 1099-NEC from your old employer? Then I think that would go on Schedule C. Did you receive any tax forms from them or were you just paid directly?
Yes, consulting work would typically be reported on a 1099-NEC (or 1099-MISC in previous years), and that income absolutely goes on Schedule C if you're operating as a sole proprietor. The IRS is incorrect in saying it should be on Line 8 (Other Income). This sounds like either a processing error where they didn't see the Schedule C that was filed, or possibly they're challenging whether this was a legitimate business (vs hobby), but even then they'd handle it differently than just saying "put it on line 8.
This definitely sounds like a processing error on the IRS's part. Schedule C income should never be reclassified to "Other Income" on Line 8 - that's completely incorrect. Schedule C is specifically designed for business income from sole proprietorships, and the net profit flows to Schedule 1 and then to your main 1040. I'd recommend taking a multi-pronged approach here: 1. **Immediate response**: Call the IRS business tax line (not the general number) and explain that this appears to be a processing error where they didn't properly recognize your filed Schedule C. 2. **Documentation**: Gather copies of your original return showing the Schedule C was properly filed, along with any 1099-NEC forms you received from your former employer. 3. **Written response**: Send a formal written response before their deadline explaining that the income was correctly reported as business income on Schedule C, not as "other income." The fact that they're trying to move the entire revenue amount (not just disallowing expenses) strongly suggests this is a data processing mistake rather than a hobby vs. business classification issue. If they were challenging it as a hobby, they'd typically allow the income on Schedule C but disallow the business deductions. Don't panic - this is fixable, but definitely respond promptly to avoid additional penalties and interest while they sort out their error.
This is really helpful advice! I'm dealing with something similar right now and was panicking thinking I'd done something majorly wrong with my filing. Your explanation about how they would handle a hobby classification differently (allowing income but disallowing expenses) versus what's happening here (moving entire revenue to other income) really clarifies what's likely going on. I'm definitely going to try calling the business tax line specifically rather than the general number. Do you happen to know if there's a particular time of day that's better for getting through to someone knowledgeable? I've heard morning calls sometimes work better but wasn't sure if that applies to the business line too.
Has anyone used QuickBooks for their property management accounting? I'm trying to decide if it's worth the monthly cost or if I should just stick with Excel spreadsheets.
I use QuickBooks and it's been a game-changer for my property management business. You can set up each owner as a "customer" and each property as a "sub-customer," which makes it easy to track everything by property. The reporting is also fantastic - you can generate owner statements with just a few clicks.
Great question! I've been managing properties for about 3 years now and can confirm what others have said - you only report your management fees ($750/month) as business income, not the full rent amounts that pass through to owners. One thing I'd add is to make sure you're consistent about when you recognize income. Since you mentioned cash basis, you'll report the management fees when you actually receive them, not when they're earned. Also, don't forget you can deduct business expenses related to your management activities - things like mileage for property visits, supplies for maintenance coordination, phone/internet costs for the business portion, etc. I'd highly recommend opening a separate business bank account for your LLC right away, even before you officially start managing properties. It makes everything so much cleaner when tax time comes around. Good luck with your new venture!
This is really helpful advice, Carmen! I'm just getting started with property management myself and hadn't thought about the timing aspect of cash basis reporting. Quick question - when you say "business expenses related to management activities," do things like software subscriptions for property management tools count? I'm considering getting a platform to help with rent collection and maintenance requests, but wasn't sure if that would be fully deductible as a business expense. Also, do you track mileage for every single property visit, or just the ones that are clearly business-related (like showing units to prospective tenants)? I want to make sure I'm being thorough but not overdoing it.
Zainab Ahmed
One more thing - did your 1099-INT from Robinhood have any entries in Box 2 (Early withdrawal penalty)? I'm also an NRA and noticed that even though the interest itself is exempt, if there are any early withdrawal penalties, those are handled differently.
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Connor Byrne
ā¢Not OP but I had this exact situation. Box 2 early withdrawal penalties actually reduce your taxable income even if the interest itself isn't taxable for NRAs. Kind of a weird situation where you might want to file just to claim that deduction if it's substantial.
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Omar Zaki
I want to add something important that hasn't been mentioned yet - make sure you have the proper documentation to support the NRA exemption. Even though the interest is generally exempt, you should keep records showing your non-resident status. If Robinhood didn't have your proper tax status on file (Form W-8BEN), they might have withheld taxes at 30%. In that case, you'd actually need to file Form 1040NR to get a refund of the overwithholding, even though the underlying interest income isn't taxable. Also, double-check that your 1099-INT specifically shows interest from bank deposits versus money market funds. While both are typically exempt for NRAs, the specific exemption sections are different and it's good to understand exactly which applies to your situation.
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StarSailor
ā¢This is really helpful advice about the W-8BEN form! I just checked my Robinhood account and I'm not sure if I ever submitted proper tax documentation when I opened it. How do I verify if they have my correct NRA status on file? And if they withheld taxes that I shouldn't have paid, is there a deadline for filing the 1040NR to get the refund?
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