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The same thing happened to me! My refund dropped from $6.2K to $2.3K this year. I freaked out thinking I did something wrong, but my tax guy explained that the biggest factors were: 1. The Child Tax Credit went back to normal after being temporarily increased during COVID years 2. I got a raise mid-year but didn't adjust my W-4, so my withholding wasn't keeping up 3. Some pandemic tax benefits expired It sounds like you've got similar factors with your increased salary plus the 401k changes. The 401k absolutely helps reduce your taxable income, but it also means less tax gets withheld from each paycheck. So you're paying less tax overall, but also getting less refunded. You might want to check if your W-4 withholding is set correctly for your current situation. Sometimes when life circumstances change (new job, 401k, etc) you need to update that form.
Thank you so much for explaining this! I never considered that my W-4 might need updating with the new 401k contributions. Should I ask my HR department about adjusting my withholding, or is that something I need to figure out on my own?
You should start by using the IRS Tax Withholding Estimator on their website - it will help you figure out what adjustments you need to make. It's pretty user-friendly and walks you through everything step by step. After you know what changes you need, then talk to your HR department. They'll have the forms you need to update your withholding. Just explain that you want to adjust your W-4 because of the 401k contributions and income changes. They deal with this stuff all the time and should be able to help you complete the form correctly.
Is anyone else actually happier with smaller refunds? I used to get big refunds ($5K+) but after I adjusted my withholding, I now get around $500-1000 back. I'd rather have that extra $350-400 in each monthly paycheck throughout the year than wait for a big refund. I can invest it or use it when I actually need it. OP, if your refund dropped but your take-home pay increased due to 401k and different withholding, you might actually be in a better financial position overall. Just something to consider!
This is exactly what my financial advisor told me! She said big refunds are basically giving the government an interest-free loan all year. I adjusted my withholding too and have been putting the extra $200/paycheck into a high-yield savings account. By the time tax season came around, I had actually earned interest on that money instead of letting the IRS hold it for free.
My HR department actually explained this to me once. The AA19 means the money was earned in 2019 (like a year-end bonus or something) but wasn't paid until 2020, so it shows up on your 2020 W2. Companies do this for their internal accounting. For your taxes, just know that you don't actually report either AA amount on your tax return. Roth contributions are already included in your taxable wages in Box 1 since they're made with after-tax dollars. The DD amount is the total cost of your health insurance (including what your employer pays) and doesn't affect your taxes at all.
But wait - I thought Roth contributions were tax deductible? Are you saying they're not?
You're confusing Roth contributions with traditional retirement contributions. Roth contributions (which is what code AA represents) are made with after-tax money, meaning you pay tax on that income now. The benefit is that when you withdraw the money in retirement, including all the growth, it comes out tax-free. Traditional 401(k) contributions (which would be code D in Box 12) are tax-deductible now, but you pay taxes when you withdraw the money in retirement.
Does anyone know if the total in Box 1 on the W2 already accounts for these 401k contributions? I'm not sure if I should be subtracting them somewhere.
For the AA codes (Roth 401k contributions), the amount is already INCLUDED in your Box 1 wages because Roth contributions are made with after-tax dollars. If you had traditional 401k contributions (which would be code D in Box 12), those would already be EXCLUDED from your Box 1 wages because they're pre-tax. You don't need to make any adjustments either way - the Box 1 amount is already correct.
One thing nobody mentioned yet - make sure you're being realistic about that business use percentage. If you're claiming 70% business use, the IRS might flag that as suspiciously high for a rental property that's 2.5 hours away. I'd recommend keeping an absolutely meticulous mileage log with dates, exact mileage, and the specific rental-related purpose of each trip. Also document any additional stops for supplies or other rental-related activities. The IRS loves to challenge vehicle deductions, especially with rental properties, so you want your documentation to be bulletproof.
That's a really good point about the percentage seeming high. I hadn't thought about that. Do you have any recommendations for a good app or system to track mileage? I'm terrible about remembering to log trips.
MileIQ and Everlance are both great apps for tracking mileage automatically. They run in the background on your phone and detect when you're driving. At the end of each trip, you just swipe right for business or left for personal. Super simple and creates IRS-ready reports. For your situation, I'd also recommend taking photos of receipts for any supplies you purchase during these trips and noting any additional rental-related stops. The more documentation you have connecting these trips directly to your rental business, the better position you'll be in if questioned.
Wait, I'm confused about something. If both you and your spouse are W2 employees, aren't you limited by the 2018 tax law changes that eliminated miscellaneous itemized deductions for unreimbursed employee expenses? Or does that not apply since this is for rental property?
The rental property expenses would go on Schedule E as rental expenses, not as unreimbursed employee expenses. The 2018 tax law changes (TCJA) didn't eliminate deductions for legitimate rental property expenses. Since they're managing their own rental property, the vehicle expenses related to that rental activity are deductible on Schedule E regardless of their W2 status for their day jobs. The key is properly allocating and documenting what portion of vehicle use is specifically for the rental activities versus personal use.
To answer your TaxSlayer question - yes, they do support Form 1040-ES calculations, but in my experience their free version has limitations. The paid versions definitely support it properly. I'd suggest looking at the IRS Direct Pay website too - you can make estimated tax payments directly there without having to mail in the vouchers. Just select "Estimated Tax" as the payment type and the applicable tax year and quarter.
Thanks for the info about TaxSlayer and IRS Direct Pay! I was wondering about making the payments online instead of mailing them. Does the Direct Pay system give you a confirmation that you can save for your records?
Yes, the IRS Direct Pay system provides a confirmation number immediately after your payment processes. You can print this confirmation page or save it as a PDF. I recommend doing both and keeping a folder (digital or physical) for each tax year with all your payment confirmations. They also send a confirmation email if you provide your email address during the payment process. I personally save these emails in a dedicated tax folder in my email account for easy reference later.
One thing nobody's mentioned - don't forget about your STATE estimated taxes too! Depending on where you live, your state might have similar requirements for quarterly payments. I got hit with penalties in my state even though I was paying federal quarterly taxes.
This is such an important point. I had the same thing happen in New York. Paid all my federal estimated taxes but completely forgot about state requirements. Ended up with almost $200 in penalties even though my actual state tax bill wasn't that high.
Ethan Scott
For what it's worth, I've had success getting partially unredacted transcripts by using tax preparation software to request them. If you've used TurboTax, H&R Block, or TaxAct in the past, some of them have transcript request services built in that sometimes display different redaction patterns than what you get directly from the IRS online portal. Not completely unredacted, but might show different fields that could help in your situation. Worth checking if you've used any of those services.
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Aurora St.Pierre
ā¢I actually do use TurboTax! Didn't know they had this feature - where exactly do I find it? Is it in the regular app or do I need to sign in on desktop?
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Ethan Scott
ā¢It's available in both the desktop and online versions of TurboTax. Sign in to your account, go to "Tax Tools" and look for "Tax Documents and Records." From there, you should see an option for requesting transcripts or viewing past returns. The feature might be called something slightly different depending on which version you're using. Remember though, it won't be completely unredacted, but sometimes shows different information than what's masked in the direct IRS portal. Worth trying before making an in-person appointment.
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Lola Perez
Sorry but nobody seems to be mentioning that the level of redaction on transcripts also depends on which SPECIFIC transcript type you're requesting. There are 5 different types: Tax Return Transcript, Tax Account Transcript, Record of Account, Wage & Income, and Verification of Non-filing. Each one redacts different info. For example, the Wage & Income shows your full SSN on the mailed version but redacts it online. For mortgage stuff they usually want the Tax Return Transcript AND the Wage & Income transcript together.
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Nathaniel Stewart
ā¢This is the correct answer! I'm a mortgage underwriter and we specifically need to see the Tax Return Transcript because it shows AGI and filing status, plus the Wage & Income to verify all sources of income. The Account transcript isn't what we're looking for in most cases.
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