I went through a similar situation with my construction business last year. The key thing to remember is that there are actually multiple statute of limitations periods at play here, not just one simple deadline. For your income tax amendments related to ERC, you have 3 years from when you filed your original 2020 return (or the due date if you filed early - which was May 17, 2021 for 2020). For employment tax amendments (if you filed 941-X forms), that's 3 years from when you filed each original quarterly 941. Since you mentioned you received the credit payment 8 months after applying, that suggests you filed a 941-X form. The timing of when you received the actual money doesn't affect your amendment deadlines - it's all based on the original filing dates. One thing that caught my attention in your post - you said you're "thinking" you need to amend some things. Before you start the amendment process, make sure you actually need to. The IRS has been scrutinizing ERC claims heavily, and unnecessary amendments can sometimes trigger reviews. If you're unsure about what needs amending, it might be worth consulting with a tax professional who specializes in ERC issues first.

Noah, based on your situation, you're likely still within the amendment window, but the timeline depends on when exactly you filed your original 2020 return. Since the 2020 tax deadline was extended to May 17, 2021, if you filed on or before that date, your 3-year statute runs until May 17, 2024. If you filed after the deadline, it's 3 years from your actual filing date. The timing of when you received your ERC payment (8 months after applying) doesn't affect your amendment deadline - that's based on your original return filing dates. However, I'd strongly recommend being very careful about what you're amending and why. The IRS has been heavily scrutinizing ERC claims, and unnecessary amendments can sometimes trigger reviews. Before you file any amendments, make sure you have solid documentation for whatever changes you're making and that the amendments are actually necessary. If you're unsure about the specific deadlines for your situation or whether you really need to amend, it might be worth consulting with a tax professional who specializes in ERC issues. They can review your original filings and help you determine if amendments are needed and ensure you're within the proper timeframes. What specific issues are you thinking you need to amend? That might help determine the urgency and best approach.

This is such a valuable discussion! I'm dealing with this exact situation and appreciate everyone sharing their experiences. I have a portfolio of Treasury securities including some I-bonds, regular Treasury notes, and a few Treasury bills I bought at discount through my broker. What's been really helpful from reading through all these comments is understanding that the state tax exemption applies to ALL income from Treasury securities, not just the obvious interest payments. I was definitely confused about the market discount portion, and my tax software (TaxAct) seems to be including it on my state return incorrectly. One thing I'm curious about - do I-bonds follow the same rules? I know they have that inflation adjustment component, and I'm wondering if both the fixed rate and the inflation adjustment portions are exempt from state tax. Also, I've been deferring the tax on my I-bonds until redemption - when I eventually cash them in, should that entire amount (original purchase price plus all accrued interest) be excluded from my state return? It sounds like I need to do a comprehensive review of my state return to make sure I'm excluding everything I should be. The tip about adding up ALL Treasury income and ensuring the total exclusion matches is going to be really useful for my situation.

This thread has been incredibly helpful! I'm a tax professional who often gets questions about Treasury securities and state taxation, and I wanted to add a few practical points based on what I've seen in practice. First, you're all absolutely correct that both coupon interest AND market discount from US Treasuries should be exempt from state income tax. The constitutional protection against state taxation of federal obligations is comprehensive and covers all forms of income derived from these securities. However, I want to emphasize something that several people touched on - the biggest challenge isn't usually determining what should be exempt, but rather figuring out HOW to properly report the exemption on your specific state's forms. Each state handles this differently, and tax software often misses the market discount portion. A few additional tips from my experience: 1. **Documentation is key** - Keep detailed records of all your Treasury purchases, especially those bought at discount. You may need this if your state ever questions the exemption. 2. **Don't forget about mutual funds** - If you own Treasury-focused mutual funds or ETFs, the Treasury interest they pass through to you should also be exempt from state tax, but this often gets overlooked. 3. **Estimated taxes** - If you have significant Treasury holdings, make sure you're not overpaying estimated state taxes throughout the year. Many people forget to account for the exemption when calculating their quarterly payments. The tools mentioned here (taxr.ai for analysis and Claimyr for reaching state tax departments) sound like excellent resources for anyone dealing with complex Treasury income situations. When in doubt, it's always worth getting confirmation from your state tax authority rather than potentially overpaying.

Don't forget to look into the step-up in basis rules if these stocks were actually inherited rather than gifted to you from your grandparents! The language in your post makes it sound like maybe your grandparents passed away and you inherited these stocks? If they were inherited (not gifted while your grandparents were alive), you likely received a "step-up" in basis to the market value on the date of their death. This would be HUGELY beneficial for tax purposes because any gains that occurred during your grandparents' lifetime would never be taxed.

Just wanted to add another perspective on the transfer process itself - you might want to consider whether a direct stock transfer is actually the best approach here. Instead of transferring the actual stocks to your partner's account, you could potentially sell the stocks in your account, pay any capital gains tax (which might be minimal if your cost basis is relatively high), and then gift the cash proceeds. This would give your partner a "clean slate" to invest in whatever they think is best, rather than inheriting your grandparents' old stock picks and cost basis. The downside is you'd pay capital gains tax now instead of deferring it, but the upside is your partner gets full flexibility and a fresh cost basis at current market prices. Given that you mentioned they're really good at investing, they might prefer to start with cash and build their own portfolio rather than managing positions they didn't choose. Just something to consider - the "right" approach depends on your specific tax situation and investment goals!

I'm really sorry you're dealing with this situation - it's incredibly frustrating when you're the victim of theft and still have to navigate all these tax complications. Based on what others have shared here, it sounds like you'll need to take a multi-step approach: report the HSA distribution on Form 8889, file Form 4684 for the theft loss, and include detailed documentation with your return. The key thing seems to be having that police report and court documentation to prove it was actually theft. One thing I'd suggest is keeping meticulous records of all your legal expenses related to recovering this money too - some of those might be deductible as well. And definitely include a clear statement with your return explaining the situation so the IRS understands why you're claiming the theft loss. It's awful that the HSA company isn't being more helpful, but unfortunately that seems pretty common in domestic situations. At least you're taking all the right steps legally. Hang in there - hopefully the court proceedings will resolve in your favor soon.

This is such a complex situation, and I feel for you dealing with theft during what's already a stressful time with legal proceedings. One additional point that might help - if you end up having to pay any taxes this year despite the theft deduction limitations, you may want to consider filing Form 911 (Request for Taxpayer Advocate Service Assistance) with the IRS. The Taxpayer Advocate Service sometimes helps in cases where taxpayers are facing financial hardship due to circumstances beyond their control, like theft. Also, make sure when you file Form 4684 that you use the fair market value of what was stolen (the $2,700) and not try to calculate any depreciation - stolen cash/funds are reported at face value. And definitely keep copies of everything - the police report, court filings, HSA statements showing the unauthorized transactions, and any correspondence with the HSA provider about disputing the charges. The timing is unfortunate since you're filing before the legal case is resolved, but documenting everything properly now will make things much smoother if you need to file amended returns later based on the court outcome. Hang in there!

Just wanted to share another perspective on this - I've been using FreeTaxUSA for years and while the $7.99 Deluxe upgrade for amendments isn't ideal, it's still way cheaper than most alternatives. I compared it to H&R Block online last year and they wanted $50+ for amendment services. One thing I haven't seen mentioned here is that FreeTaxUSA's Deluxe also includes some other useful features like priority customer support and audit assistance, so you're not just paying for the amendment capability alone. If you're someone who files complex returns or might need help during tax season, the upgrade can actually provide good value beyond just the amendment feature. That said, definitely worth trying TaxAct's free option first if your situation is straightforward - just make sure to double-check everything before submitting since free services usually have less hand-holding through the process.

I've been following this thread with interest since I'm in a similar boat! Just wanted to add that I called FreeTaxUSA customer service yesterday to confirm the amendment situation, and they were pretty upfront about it - yes, you absolutely need the Deluxe upgrade for federal amendments, no exceptions for their free tier. However, the rep did mention something useful that I haven't seen discussed here: if you're within 3 business days of filing your original return, they can sometimes help you file a "superseding return" instead of an amendment, which replaces your original return completely and doesn't require the Deluxe upgrade. Obviously this won't help most people since we usually discover mistakes weeks or months later, but might be worth knowing for anyone catching errors quickly. For those considering the TaxAct route mentioned above - definitely worth a shot! I'm planning to explore that option myself before committing to any paid upgrades. The worst that happens is I spend an hour checking it out and then fall back to paying the $7.99 FreeTaxUSA fee if needed.