Be aware that you'll need to track these business expenses carefully throughout the year! Im a freelancer and spent hours at tax time trying to figure out which Amazon purchases were business vs personal. Now I use a separate credit card for all business stuff which makes it way easier!

Great question about timing! I went through this exact same situation when I started freelancing. The IRS generally allows you to deduct business expenses as long as they're "ordinary and necessary" for your business, even if purchased before you officially start earning income. The key is being able to demonstrate business intent. Keep documentation showing you were actively preparing to start your business - save emails with potential clients, research you did about setting up your business, any business registration paperwork, etc. This helps establish that your January purchases were legitimate business preparations, not just personal shopping. One tip: consider formally establishing your business entity (LLC, sole proprietorship registration) before making major purchases. This creates a cleaner paper trail and helps establish your business start date for the IRS. Also, if any equipment will have mixed personal/business use, be conservative with your business use percentage estimates and keep detailed logs to support your claims. The fact that you're thinking about this ahead of time shows you're taking the right approach!

Has anyone here actually received a 1099 or any tax form from the VA for the funding fee refund? I got a refund last year and my tax guy insists I should have received some kind of tax form for it.

I went through this exact situation last year and can confirm what others have said - the VA funding fee refund is NOT taxable income. You won't receive any tax forms from the VA for it, and you don't need to report it on your return. Here's what I learned from my experience: The VA considers this a refund of a fee you weren't supposed to pay in the first place due to your disability rating. It's essentially returning your own money, not providing you with income. However, I'd strongly recommend doing what others suggested about applying that refund toward your mortgage principal. Since the funding fee is still built into your loan balance, you're paying interest on money you effectively got back. I put my entire $5,200 refund toward principal and it'll save me over $12,000 in interest over the life of the loan. Also, keep good records of the refund and your disability rating effective date. While you don't need to report it as income, having documentation that shows why you received the refund can be helpful if you ever get questioned about it during an audit. Hope this helps put your mind at ease about the tax implications!

My brother was actually stationed at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station as an engineer for 14 months back in 2019-2020. He said the tax situation was handled by their employer (a contractor for the national science foundation) and they just used their permanent US address for tax purposes. He never had to select Antarctica as a country code for anything. The whole system is set up to handle the unique situation of Americans working in a place with no actual government. The funniest part was that he was there during the first COVID lockdowns and said it was the only place on Earth that remained completely COVID-free (since no one could come or go during the winter season). Talk about extreme social distancing!

This is such a fascinating thread! I had no idea there were so many people with actual Antarctica work experience. Reading about your brother's experience at the South Pole Station is incredible - I can't even imagine being that isolated, especially during COVID when the rest of the world was in lockdown. It's really interesting how the tax system handles these unique situations where Americans are working in places that technically don't belong to any country. The fact that they just use their permanent US address makes total sense from a practical standpoint. Thanks for sharing that story!

idk why they make this stuff so complicated fr

Actually, there's one more thing to check - make sure you're looking at your Adjusted Gross Income (AGI), not your total gross income. After deductions like health insurance premiums, retirement contributions, etc., your AGI might be lower than that $65k. Also, the income limits I see others mentioning look right for 2024 tax year. If you're really close to the threshold, definitely consider maxing out any pre-tax deductions you can still make for 2024!

Does anyone know if there are exceptions to these rules? I'm military and we've rented our house out during deployments. Not sure if the IRS treats military situations differently with the home sale exclusion.

Thanks to everyone who's contributed to this thread - it's been really helpful! I'm in a similar situation to the original poster and was getting confused by the IRS examples too. Based on what I'm reading here, it sounds like the key is whether you establish the property as your primary residence BEFORE renting it out. The IRS basically rewards you for using it as your actual home first, rather than treating it as an investment property from day one. For @Amara Okafor - your situation sounds like you should qualify for the full exclusion since you lived in it for 18 months first before renting it out, and you're back living in it now. The rental period in the middle shouldn't hurt you based on what others are explaining here. One thing I'm still wondering about though - does it matter HOW LONG the rental period was? Like if someone lived in their house for 2 years, then rented it for 10 years, then moved back in for a few months before selling, would they still get the full exclusion as long as they meet the 2-out-of-5 year test at the time of sale?