Why do people pay unemployment taxes - Washington ESD system explained
I've been working in Washington state for about 2 years now and just noticed that there's a deduction on my paystub for unemployment insurance. My coworker said this is what funds the Washington ESD system but I'm confused about how it all works. Do I pay into this so I can get benefits later if I lose my job? Is this the same thing that funds my weekly claims if I file for unemployment? I've never really thought about it before but now I'm curious about the whole system.
45 comments


Keisha Thompson
Yes, you're exactly right! The unemployment tax (also called SUTA tax in Washington) that comes out of your paycheck is what funds the unemployment insurance system. When you file a claim with Washington ESD, those weekly benefit payments come from the pool of money that you and other workers have been paying into. It's basically insurance for job loss.
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TechNinja
•That makes so much sense! So it's like car insurance but for losing your job. Thanks for explaining it simply.
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Paolo Bianchi
•How much do we actually pay though? I never really look at my paystub closely.
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Yara Assad
Both employees AND employers pay into the system in Washington. As an employee, you pay a small percentage of your wages (currently 0.4% of your gross wages up to the wage cap). Your employer pays a much larger share based on their experience rating - basically how many former employees have filed unemployment claims.
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Olivia Clark
•Wait so if a company lays off a lot of people their unemployment tax rate goes up?
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Yara Assad
•Exactly! Companies that have more layoffs pay higher rates. It's an incentive system to encourage employers to maintain stable employment.
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Javier Morales
•That's actually pretty clever. Never knew that's how it worked.
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Natasha Petrov
I found this out the hard way when I got laid off last year. Had to call Washington ESD to get my claim started and it was impossible to get through. Spent literally hours on hold every day for weeks. Finally someone told me about claimyr.com - it's a service that calls for you and gets you connected to an actual agent. Saved my sanity honestly.
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Connor O'Brien
•How does that even work? Sounds too good to be true
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Natasha Petrov
•They have this system where they call Washington ESD repeatedly until they get through, then conference you in. There's a video demo at https://youtu.be/7DieNd3C7zQ that shows exactly how it works. Was worth it for me because I couldn't afford to keep missing work to sit on hold.
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Amina Diallo
The whole system is designed so that if you lose your job through no fault of your own, you can file for unemployment benefits. But you have to have worked enough hours and earned enough wages to qualify. Washington ESD looks at your base year earnings to determine if you're eligible and how much you can receive weekly.
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TechNinja
•What's a base year? Sorry if that's a dumb question
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Amina Diallo
•Not dumb at all! The base year is the first four of the last five completed calendar quarters before you file your claim. So if you file in January 2025, they'd look at your earnings from October 2023 through September 2024.
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GamerGirl99
•This is getting confusing lol. So many rules!
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Hiroshi Nakamura
Yeah it's basically a safety net that we all pay into. The idea is that when someone loses their job unexpectedly, they can still pay their bills while looking for new work. In Washington you can get up to 26 weeks of benefits, though during recessions they sometimes extend it.
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Isabella Costa
•26 weeks seems like a long time. Is that normal for all states?
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Hiroshi Nakamura
•It varies by state but 26 weeks is pretty standard. Some states offer less, some more. Washington's benefit amounts are actually pretty decent compared to other places.
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Malik Jenkins
One thing that surprised me is that you still have to actively look for work and report your job search activities when you file your weekly claims. It's not just free money - there are requirements you have to meet to keep getting benefits.
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Freya Andersen
•What kind of job search requirements?
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Malik Jenkins
•In Washington you have to make at least 3 job search contacts per week and keep a log of your activities. You also have to register with WorkSource and might have to attend workshops or meetings.
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Eduardo Silva
•That sounds like a lot of work on top of actually looking for a job
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Leila Haddad
The unemployment insurance tax also funds other programs like job training and employment services. So even if you never file for unemployment benefits, your contributions help other workers get back on their feet and develop new skills.
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Emma Johnson
•I didn't know it funded training programs too. That's actually pretty cool.
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Ravi Patel
•Yeah WorkSource offers a lot of free services that are funded through unemployment taxes
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Astrid Bergström
Just want to add that if you do end up needing to file for unemployment, don't wait! File as soon as possible after you lose your job because there's usually a waiting week before benefits start, and the longer you wait the more complicated it can get.
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PixelPrincess
•Good advice. I waited too long when I got laid off and it was a mess
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Astrid Bergström
•Yeah Washington ESD is pretty strict about timelines. Better to file right away even if you think you might find another job quickly.
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Omar Farouk
The system isn't perfect though. When COVID hit, Washington ESD was completely overwhelmed and tons of people couldn't get through to file claims or resolve issues. The phone system is still pretty bad honestly.
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Chloe Martin
•Tell me about it. I tried calling for two weeks straight last month and never got through
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Diego Fernández
•Same here. I ended up using Claimyr after my friend recommended it. They got me connected to an agent in like 20 minutes when I'd been trying for days on my own.
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Anastasia Kuznetsov
•How much does something like that cost?
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Diego Fernández
•Honestly don't even remember the cost because it was so worth it compared to the time I was wasting. They have all the info on claimyr.com if you're curious.
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Sean Fitzgerald
Another thing to know is that unemployment benefits are taxable income. So if you receive benefits, you'll get a 1099-G at tax time and need to report it on your tax return. You can choose to have taxes withheld from your weekly payments or pay them later.
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Zara Khan
•Ugh really? So they take taxes out of unemployment benefits too?
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Sean Fitzgerald
•Yep, federal taxes for sure and some states tax unemployment benefits too. It's considered income by the IRS.
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MoonlightSonata
The whole system is really about shared risk. We all chip in a little bit so that if any of us loses our job unexpectedly, we have some financial support while we get back on our feet. It's one of those things you hope you never need but are really glad exists if you do.
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Mateo Gonzalez
•That's a really good way to think about it. Like insurance for your income.
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TechNinja
•Thanks everyone for all the explanations! I feel like I actually understand the system now. Glad to know I'm contributing to something that helps people.
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Nia Williams
Just remember that if you ever need to use the system, Washington ESD can be really difficult to reach by phone. Don't get discouraged if you can't get through right away. There are resources and services that can help you navigate the process.
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Luca Ricci
•What kind of resources?
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Nia Williams
•WorkSource has counselors who can help, and there are services like Claimyr that specialize in helping people get connected to Washington ESD agents when the phone lines are jammed. The main thing is not to give up if you legitimately need benefits.
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Aisha Mohammed
One more thing - if you're thinking about quitting your job, be aware that you generally can't get unemployment benefits if you quit voluntarily. You have to be laid off, fired for reasons other than misconduct, or quit for very specific 'good cause' reasons that Washington ESD recognizes.
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Ethan Campbell
•What counts as 'good cause'?
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Aisha Mohammed
•Things like unsafe working conditions, significant changes to your job duties or pay, or harassment that your employer won't address. But it's a pretty high bar to meet and you need documentation.
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Yuki Watanabe
•Good to know. I was thinking about quitting my job but guess I should think twice about that.
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