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Scarlett Forster

Who is eligible for unemployment benefits in Washington state - confused about requirements

I'm trying to figure out if I qualify for unemployment benefits through Washington ESD and honestly the website is confusing me. I worked at a restaurant for about 8 months before they laid me off last week due to slow business. I made around $18,000 during that time but I'm not sure if that's enough to qualify. I also had a part-time job at a retail store for 3 months before the restaurant job but only made about $4,000 there. Do I meet the requirements? What exactly do they look at when determining eligibility? I've never filed for unemployment before and don't want to waste time applying if I don't qualify.

You likely qualify based on what you've described. Washington ESD looks at your wages from the last 18 months (your base year) and you need to have earned at least $1,256 in total wages during that period. With $22,000 total earnings, you're well above that threshold. You also need to have worked in at least two quarters of your base year, which it sounds like you did.

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That's a relief! So they count wages from both jobs even though they were different employers?

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Yes, they combine all your W-2 wages from any employer during your base year period. The system automatically pulls this from state records when you apply.

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There's more to eligibility than just wages though. You also have to be able and available for work, actively seeking work, and your separation from employment can't be for misconduct. Since you were laid off for lack of work, that should be fine for the separation reason.

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What does 'able and available' actually mean? I can work but I'm being picky about where I apply since I want something better than minimum wage.

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You need to be genuinely available for suitable work in your field or related fields. Being selective is okay to some extent, but Washington E SD expects you to expand your search if you don't find work quickly.

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And you'll need to do job search activities and report them weekly. The requirements changed recently - you need 3 job search activities per week now.

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Just apply already! The worst they can say is no. I spent weeks trying to figure out if I qualified and should have just submitted the application. The system will tell you if you don't meet the wage requirements.

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This is terrible advice. If you apply and don't qualify, it can affect future applications and create issues in the system.

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That's not true at all. Applying when you don't qualify doesn't hurt anything, it just gets denied.

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I was in a similar situation last year and had trouble getting through to Washington ESD to ask questions about eligibility. Ended up using this service called Claimyr (claimyr.com) that helped me get connected to an actual agent who could review my work history and confirm I qualified before I applied. They have a video demo at https://youtu.be/7DieNd3C7zQ that shows how it works. Saved me a lot of stress not knowing if I was wasting my time.

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How much does something like that cost? I'm already worried about money.

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It's worth checking out their site for details. For me it was worth it just to get clear answers instead of guessing.

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I used them too when I couldn't get through the regular phone lines. Really helpful for getting specific questions answered about your situation.

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The monetary eligibility is just one part. You also can't have quit without good cause. Since you were laid off, that's considered a qualifying separation. But if you had quit the restaurant job, you'd need to prove it was for good cause like unsafe working conditions or harassment.

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Good to know. The layoff was definitely not my choice - they just said business was too slow to keep everyone.

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Make sure you have documentation of the layoff reason when you apply. Sometimes Washington ESD contacts employers to verify the separation reason.

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Don't forget about the work search requirements! You'll need to register with WorkSource and start doing job search activities immediately. It's not just about qualifying initially - you have ongoing requirements to maintain eligibility.

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What kind of activities count for the job search requirement?

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Applying for jobs, attending job fairs, networking events, uploading resumes to job sites, contacting employers directly. You need 3 per week and have to keep records.

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And you have to report these activities when you file your weekly claim. They do audit these sometimes so keep good records.

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Also check if you're eligible for the maximum benefit amount. With $22,000 in wages, your weekly benefit might be around $200-250 depending on how the wages were distributed across quarters. The formula is complicated but Washington ESD calculates it automatically.

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How long can you collect benefits for?

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Standard is up to 26 weeks in Washington, but it depends on your wage history and the unemployment rate. Some people get less if their wages weren't high enough.

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ugh the washington esd system is so confusing. i qualified but it took forever to figure out all the requirements. just make sure you can prove you're looking for work because they do check that stuff

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How do they check? Do they contact the places you applied to?

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sometimes yeah. i had to provide screenshots of applications and contact info for places i applied. they don't check everyone but if they pick you for an audit you better have proof

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One thing to watch out for - if you do any side work or gig work while collecting, you have to report that income. Even small amounts can affect your weekly benefit payment. I learned this the hard way when I did some freelance work and didn't report it.

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What happens if you don't report income?

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They'll eventually find out through tax records and you'll have to pay back any overpayment, plus penalties. It's considered fraud if you do it intentionally.

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The overpayment notices are no joke. They add interest and collection fees. Always better to report everything upfront.

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Based on your wages you definitely qualify monetarily. The restaurant industry has high turnover so Washington ESD is familiar with layoffs in that sector. Your separation reason should be straightforward. I'd recommend applying sooner rather than later since there's usually a waiting week before benefits start.

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There's a waiting week? So even if approved, I won't get paid the first week?

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That's right. The first week is a waiting week where you file a claim but don't receive payment. It's just how the system works in Washington.

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Make sure you have all your employment information ready when you apply - dates of employment, wages, reason for separation, employer contact info. The application will ask for details about your last 18 months of work history. Having your pay stubs or W-2s handy makes it easier.

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Do I need to contact my old employers before applying?

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No, you don't need to contact them first. Washington ESD will reach out to employers directly if they need to verify information about your separation.

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I had wage issues when I first applied because one of my employers hadn't reported my wages correctly to the state. If something looks wrong with the wage calculation on your monetary determination, you can appeal it. Don't just assume the system got it right.

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How do you know if the wages are calculated correctly?

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They'll send you a monetary determination letter that shows all the wages they have on record. Compare it to your pay stubs and W-2s to make sure it's accurate.

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And if there's an error, you only have a limited time to appeal the monetary determination. Don't wait weeks like I did.

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Another eligibility requirement is that you have to be a US citizen or authorized to work. You'll need to provide your Social Security number and they verify work authorization. Also, if you're receiving other benefits like workers comp, that might affect your unemployment eligibility.

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I'm a citizen and not receiving any other benefits, so that shouldn't be an issue for me.

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Just wanted to mention that if you end up having trouble reaching Washington ESD by phone to get specific questions answered about your situation, I've had good luck with Claimyr recently. It's a service that helps you get through to actual agents instead of being stuck on hold forever. Really useful when you need clarification on eligibility requirements specific to your work history.

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How does that work exactly? Do they just call for you?

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They handle the calling and waiting, then connect you when they get an agent on the line. Saved me hours of being on hold trying to get answers about my claim.

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The job search requirement is probably going to be the hardest part for you to maintain, not the initial eligibility. You have to be genuinely looking for work and available to accept suitable job offers. If you turn down a job offer that's considered suitable, you could lose benefits.

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What makes a job offer 'suitable'? Can I turn down something that pays way less than my previous job?

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Initially you can be somewhat selective, but the longer you're unemployed, the broader your definition of suitable work becomes. After a few weeks, you might need to consider jobs that pay less than your previous position.

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The suitable work criteria considers your skills, experience, wage history, and how long you've been unemployed. It's not black and white.

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