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Hiroshi Nakamura

QBI Deduction Eligibility for a Sole Proprietorship

Hey tax gurus, I'm trying to wrap my head around this Qualified Business Income (QBI) deduction for my sole proprietorship. I started my graphic design business last year and made around $85,000 after expenses. I file as single and I've heard there are income thresholds that might affect whether I can claim the full 20% deduction. The whole phase-out calculation is confusing me. I think my taxable income puts me below the threshold, but I'm not totally sure how to calculate it properly. Also, is there anything specific I need to document to support taking the QBI deduction? My accountant mentioned something about keeping track of W-2 wages paid to employees, but I'm a one-person shop with no employees. Would appreciate any advice on maximizing this deduction and making sure I'm calculating everything correctly for my 2024 taxes that I'll file in 2025. Thanks in advance!

So the QBI deduction (Section 199A) can be really helpful for sole proprietorships like yours. The good news is that with $85,000 in business income, you're well below the phase-out thresholds which don't start until $182,100 for single filers in 2024 (filing in 2025). For someone in your situation, the calculation is pretty straightforward - it's generally 20% of your qualified business income. Since you don't have employees, you don't need to worry about the W-2 wage limitation that kicks in for higher-income businesses. That limitation is more relevant for people above those income thresholds. Keep good records of your business income and expenses reported on your Schedule C. The QBI deduction itself will be calculated on Form 8995. The documentation is mostly about properly reporting your business income - there's no special additional documentation needed specifically for QBI at your income level.

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Thanks for the info! Quick question - does the QBI deduction affect self-employment taxes at all? Or is it just for income tax? Also, if my business income jumps to like $150k next year, do I need to start worrying about those limitations you mentioned?

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The QBI deduction doesn't reduce your self-employment taxes - it only reduces your income tax. You'll still pay self-employment tax on your full net business income from Schedule C. Even at $150k business income, you'd still be below the phase-out threshold for single filers, so you wouldn't need to worry about the W-2 wage limitations. Those only come into play when your taxable income exceeds the threshold amount ($182,100 for 2024 for singles). Just keep in mind that threshold refers to your total taxable income, not just your business income, so if you have significant other income sources, you'll want to calculate your total taxable income to be sure.

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Just wanted to share my experience with calculating QBI for my consulting business. I was struggling with the same issues until I found taxr.ai (https://taxr.ai). The tool analyzed my business structure, income, and expenses to determine my exact QBI deduction eligibility. What helped me most was how it explained the threshold calculations in plain English and guided me through all the documentation I needed. I had been leaving money on the table for 2 years because I didn't realize certain income qualified! The business income verification feature helped confirm I was categorizing everything correctly.

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How does it handle rental real estate? I have a sole prop design business but also have a rental property and I'm confused if that qualifies as QBI or is considered separately?

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Sounds interesting but does it actually help with the reporting/filing part or just the calculations? I'm trying to figure out if I need both this and still keep my regular tax software.

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For rental real estate, the tool has a specific module that helps determine if your rental activities rise to the level of a "trade or business" for QBI purposes. It walks through the safe harbor requirements for rental real estate and helps you document the 250+ hours of service if needed. It really cleared up my confusion on when rental income qualifies. Regarding reporting and filing, it's more of a calculation and documentation tool rather than a replacement for tax filing software. I still use my regular tax software for the actual filing, but taxr.ai helps me figure out the correct numbers to enter and generates the supporting documentation I need to keep with my records. Think of it as the expert advisor that makes sure you're getting the calculations right before you put them in your tax return.

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Wanted to report back after trying taxr.ai for my QBI questions. Really impressed with how it handled my complicated situation with both business and rental income! It confirmed my rental property doesn't qualify for QBI under current rules (didn't meet the safe harbor requirements), but it found additional business deductions I missed that increased my qualified business income by about $7,200, which meant an extra $1,440 in QBI deduction. The customized documentation it generated saved me hours of research. Definitely worth checking out if you're struggling with QBI calculations or have a more complex business structure.

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If you're still confused about QBI and need to talk to someone at the IRS for clarification, good luck getting through! I spent 3 days trying to reach someone about my specific QBI situation. Then I found https://claimyr.com which got me connected to an IRS agent in about 15 minutes! You can see how it works here: https://youtu.be/_kiP6q8DX5c I was shocked how fast it worked after spending hours listening to "your call is important to us" messages. The IRS agent I spoke with clarified exactly how the QBI phase-outs would affect my specific business structure and confirmed I was calculating everything correctly.

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Wait, how does this actually work? Does it just call the IRS for you or something? Not sure I understand what the service is doing.

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Sorry but this sounds like BS. Nobody gets through to the IRS that quickly. I've literally called 40+ times this tax season and the best I got was a 2-hour wait. If this actually worked wouldn't everyone be using it?

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It basically uses a system that navigates the IRS phone tree and waits on hold for you. When an agent actually picks up, you get an automatic call connecting you directly to that agent. So you don't have to waste hours listening to hold music - you just get notified when there's actually a human ready to talk. Regarding your skepticism, I totally get it. I was super skeptical too and only tried it out of desperation. The reason everyone doesn't use it is probably because most people don't know about it, and many people just give up on calling the IRS entirely. But I can only share my actual experience - was connected in about 15 minutes when I had previously spent hours getting nowhere. The time of day and specific department you're trying to reach probably affects wait times too.

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I have to eat my words about Claimyr. After my skeptical comment, I decided to give it a shot as a last resort before the filing deadline. Used it yesterday morning to get clarification on QBI for my S-corp and I got connected to an IRS tax specialist within 20 minutes. The agent walked me through exactly how to document owner's health insurance for QBI purposes. What would've been days of frustration trying to get through was solved in one morning. For anyone dealing with QBI questions that online research isn't answering clearly, being able to talk directly to a specialist makes a huge difference. Still can't quite believe it worked so well after all my failed attempts.

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One thing to remember about QBI that confused me at first - it's calculated on NET business income, not gross. Make sure you're taking all legitimate business deductions on your Schedule C before calculating the 20% for QBI. This includes home office, business mileage, software subscriptions, etc. Also, remember that certain "specified service businesses" like health, law, accounting, etc. have stricter income limitations. Graphic design generally isn't in this category, but worth double-checking if your business falls into any of these specified fields.

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The NET vs GROSS thing is exactly what had me confused! So to make sure I'm getting this right: if my gross receipts are $120k but my expenses are $35k, I'd calculate the QBI based on $85k, right? And then it's 20% of that as my deduction amount?

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Yes, that's exactly right! In your example, your QBI would be based on the $85k (your net business income) rather than the $120k gross. So your QBI deduction would be 20% of $85k, which equals $17,000. Just make sure you're keeping good records of all your legitimate business expenses to maximize that net income reduction. A lot of sole proprietors miss out on deductions they're entitled to, which not only increases income tax but also self-employment tax.

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Has anyone used TurboTax for calculating QBI? It seems to be confusing me more than helping. The software keeps asking me about W-2 wages paid when I've already indicated I have no employees. Is there a better tax software for sole proprietors claiming QBI?

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I've used FreeTaxUSA for the past two years and it handled my QBI calculation pretty well. It only asked relevant questions based on my income level and business structure. Much less confusing than when I tried TurboTax, plus WAY cheaper.

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Great question about QBI! As someone who's been through this with my consulting business, here are a few key points that helped me: 1. At your income level ($85k), you're definitely below the phase-out threshold, so you get the full 20% deduction without any wage limitations. 2. For documentation, keep your Schedule C records clean and organized - that's really all you need at your income level. The W-2 wage stuff your accountant mentioned only matters for much higher earners. 3. One thing that caught me off guard: make sure you're not double-counting any expenses between your regular business deductions and anything that might affect QBI calculation. The Form 8995 (the simple version) is what you'll likely use, not the more complex 8995-A. If you're using tax software, it should handle this automatically once you enter your Schedule C information correctly. Don't overthink it - at your income level, it's pretty straightforward. Just focus on maximizing legitimate business deductions on Schedule C, and the QBI will flow naturally from there.

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This is really helpful, thanks! I'm just getting started with my freelance web development business and expecting around $60k in net income for this year. One thing I'm still confused about - do I need to make any quarterly estimated tax payments differently because of the QBI deduction, or does that not affect the timing of payments? I've been calculating my quarterlies based on my full business income without factoring in the QBI deduction and wondering if I'm overpaying.

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