If your cousin ever resurfaces and pays you back after you've claimed the bad debt deduction, you'll need to report that as income in the year you receive it (to the extent you received a tax benefit from the deduction). Just something to keep in mind.

I'm dealing with a similar situation right now - lent money to a family member who disappeared. One thing I learned from my tax preparer is that you should also keep records of any attempts to locate the debtor, not just collect from them. Screenshots of failed texts, returned mail, even notes about conversations with mutual contacts can help establish that the debt truly became uncollectible. Also, make sure you have clear documentation that this was actually a loan and not a gift. Bank records showing the transfer, any written agreements (even informal ones), and evidence that repayment was expected are crucial. The IRS sometimes challenges these deductions by claiming they were really gifts to family members. Having that promissory note you mentioned puts you in a much better position than most people in this situation.

Has anyone else noticed that the K-1 equivalent info from DST investments sometimes doesn't match up with the 1099-MISC? My DST sponsor sends a "Tax Information Statement" that shows different amounts than what's on my 1099. Confused about which numbers to use on my Schedule E.

Just wanted to add my experience with DST passive losses since I see a lot of confusion here. I've been invested in DSTs for about 4 years now and initially made the mistake of not properly tracking my suspended passive losses year over year. The key thing to understand is that these losses accumulate on Form 8582 if you don't have other passive income to offset them against. I learned this when I finally sold one of my DST interests and suddenly had a huge passive loss carryforward that I could finally use - it saved me thousands in taxes on the gain from the sale. Make sure you're keeping detailed records of your annual passive losses from each DST investment. When you eventually dispose of a DST interest (whether through sale or exchange), all those accumulated losses become deductible against any type of income, not just passive income. It's actually a pretty powerful tax planning tool once you understand how it works over the long term. Also, don't forget that if you do a 1031 exchange from your DST into another investment, the passive losses stay with you and continue to accumulate. Only an actual taxable sale triggers the release of all those suspended losses.

If your total itemized deductions are close to the standard deduction amount, sometimes it's not even worth the hassle of tracking all those charitable donations. For 2024 taxes, the standard deduction is $14,600 for singles and $29,200 for married filing jointly. Unless your total itemized deductions (including charitable donations, mortgage interest, state taxes, etc.) exceed those amounts, you're better off just taking the standard deduction. I used to meticulously track every $5 and $10 donation until I realized I wasn't even close to exceeding the standard deduction threshold.

Great question! Beyond what others have mentioned about statistical flagging and documentation requirements, there are a few additional deterrents worth noting. The IRS has access to third-party data that many people don't realize. For example, if you claim large donations but your bank records (which they can access during an audit) don't show corresponding withdrawals or checks, that's a red flag. Credit card companies also report certain transaction data that can be cross-referenced. There's also the "lifestyle audit" aspect - if you're claiming $5,000 in charitable donations but your reported income and other financial behaviors suggest you're living paycheck to paycheck, that inconsistency might trigger scrutiny. The penalties for understating your tax liability can be steep too. If they determine you knowingly inflated deductions, you could face accuracy-related penalties of 20% of the underpayment, plus interest, and in severe cases even fraud penalties of 75%. For most people, the risk just isn't worth the relatively small tax savings from inflating donations. That said, don't let paranoia stop you from claiming legitimate donations! Just keep good records and be honest about amounts.

Has anyone actually received notices from the IRS about excess Roth IRA contributions? I'm in a similar situation (discovered I overcontributed by about $1,200 three years ago), but I'm wondering if the IRS even catches these things? Not trying to avoid paying what I owe, just curious if they actively look for this or if it's more of a "fix it if you realize it" situation.

One thing nobody's mentioned yet - check if you might have been eligible for those contributions after all! I thought I had made excess Roth contributions for two years, but when I reviewed my tax returns more carefully, I realized my MAGI calculation was wrong. I had included some one-time items that shouldn't have been in the calculation, and I was actually under the limit for those years. Worth double-checking your MAGI calculation before going through the hassle of removing excess contributions. The definition of MAGI for Roth IRA purposes is pretty specific.

Real talk - once you see code 150, look for cycle code next to it. That can tell you what day of the week updates happen for your account. Major 🔑 to watching your transcript!

Code 150 is definitely one of the most important ones to understand! It's basically the IRS's way of saying "we've processed your return and here's what we calculated." The date next to it shows when they finished processing, and the amount shows your total tax liability. From there you can track if you have credits, payments, or refunds coming by looking at the other transaction codes that follow. It's like the foundation that everything else builds on!