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Title: Child earned income this year - Can I still claim them as a dependent for taxes? 1 My 4-year-old daughter has somehow managed to earn around $40,000 this year from a children's modeling contract. I was completely shocked by how much money she's bringing in, and now I'm confused about our tax situation. Looking at her paystubs, there's a lot of money being withheld for taxes, so I assume she'll need to file her own tax return this year. My question is whether we can still claim her as a dependent on our taxes? She's only 4 years old and obviously still lives with us. We provide most of her housing, food, clothing, etc. But I've heard there might be income limits for claiming dependents, and I'm not sure if her earnings would disqualify her from being our dependent. Is there an income threshold where you can't claim children as dependents anymore, even when they're so young?
I'm seriously about to throw my laptop out the window lol. I've always thought I was pretty smart but doing my taxes for the first time is making me feel like a complete moron. I have what should be the simplest tax situation ever - one job, same employer all year, no side hustle, and I'm in Texas so no state income tax to worry about. I have my W2 from work (made about $58k) and a 1099-R from when I used some HSA funds. I've filled out most of the 1040 form, but I'm completely lost on line 11 where it asks for "Tax". I took the standard deduction ($13.9k) which gives me a taxable income of about $44k on line 10. But then line 11 just says "Tax (see instructions)" and I'm lost. The instructions say "Include in the total on the entry space on line 11a all of the following taxes that apply. Tax on your taxable income. Figure the tax using one of the methods described, later." But I don't see any methods that apply to my situation! Nothing about child tax, foreign income, etc. applies to me. There has to be some formula to calculate what taxes I owe on my $44k of taxable income, right? I mean, I can't just put 0 since I know I definitely owe taxes. Can someone please explain what I'm supposed to do to figure out what goes in line 11? I feel like I'm missing something super obvious.
Pro tip for figuring out line 11: The standard calculation is built into most free tax filing websites like FreeTaxUSA or Cash App Taxes (formerly Credit Karma Tax). Even if you want to file on paper, you can use these sites to check your math. I personally use the Tax Computation Worksheet from the 1040 instructions (it's a few pages after the tax tables) to double-check the software's calculations. For income around $44k, the tax should be approximately $5,095 if you're single, but check the exact tables to be sure.
Thanks for the suggestion! I actually tried Free File Fillable Forms but got confused on some of the calculations. Do you think FreeTaxUSA or Cash App Taxes would be more user-friendly for a first-time filer? I'd rather just e-file at this point and be done with it.
FreeTaxUSA is definitely more user-friendly for first-time filers. It walks you through everything step by step with explanations, and the free version covers most basic tax situations including W-2 income and HSA distributions. It also lets you see a preview of all forms being filled out as you go, so you can understand what's happening on your 1040. Cash App Taxes is also good and completely free for federal and state, but some users find the interface less intuitive. Either one would save you a lot of headache compared to filling out forms manually, especially for a first-timer.
Has anyone else noticed that the tax tables in the 2024 instructions (for 2025 filing) are slightly different than previous years? The brackets were adjusted for inflation. Make sure you're using the current year's tables!
I'm currently living abroad and need to file Form 2350 for an extension, but I'm confused about the mailing process from overseas. Does anyone have experience with this? I can print and mail it through my local post office here in Germany, but I'm concerned about tracking and proving I filed the extension on time. I was thinking maybe I could sign the form, scan it, and email it to my sister in the States who could then print and mail it certified mail to the IRS. Would a scanned signature even be valid on the form though? Also, I'll owe around $650 with this extension. Since this is my first time filing an extension instead of just filing and paying right away, what's the best way to make this payment when submitting Form 2350 from overseas? Any advice would be super appreciated!
For anyone still looking for an answer, I successfully filed Form 2350 from the UK last year. Here's what worked for me: 1) I used the Royal Mail international tracked service to mail my form directly from London to the IRS address in Austin (since I had a foreign address). 2) For payment, I used a US-based credit card through the IRS Direct Pay system as others mentioned. 3) I also kept digital copies of EVERYTHING - the form, tracking info, and payment confirmation. The most important thing is timing - mail it at least 3 weeks before the deadline. Mine took 12 days to arrive last year.
Did you have to do anything special with your bank to make the Direct Pay work? My US credit card always gets flagged for fraud when I try to use it from overseas for anything government-related.
I did have to call my bank first to put a travel notice on my card and specifically mention I would be making a payment to the IRS. Even with that, my first attempt was declined and I had to verify it wasn't fraud via text message. I recommend trying the payment a few days before you need to submit it, just in case you run into issues. My backup plan was to have my parents make the payment from their account in the US if my card kept getting declined. The IRS doesn't actually require the payment to come from your personal account - it just needs to be properly attributed to your tax ID/SSN.
Am I the only one who's confused about why we need Form 2350 instead of just using the regular 4868 extension form? I'm in Canada and my accountant mentioned this but didn't explain the difference well.
You're not alone in the confusion! Form 2350 is specifically for US citizens or residents who are abroad and need more time to meet either the bona fide residence test or the physical presence test to qualify for special tax treatments like the Foreign Earned Income Exclusion. Form 4868 only gives you until October 15, while Form 2350 can potentially give you more time (up to a 6-month extension, and sometimes more if needed specifically to meet those residency/presence tests). If you're trying to qualify for those expat benefits, 2350 is usually better.
I'm trying to figure out this retirement account stuff and need some help. I have a traditional IRA with a mix of pretax contributions, post-tax contributions, and pretax earnings all jumbled together. What I want to do is a direct transfer from my traditional IRA to my employer-sponsored retirement plan, but only move the pretax contributions and pretax earnings. Then I want to do a backdoor Roth conversion with just the post-tax contributions part. If I set this up correctly, I shouldn't have any tax liability for these transactions, right? The pretax money stays pretax in the work plan, and the already-taxed contributions go to the Roth without getting taxed again? I've been reading about this online but want to make sure I'm not missing something that will result in a surprise tax bill next year. Thanks for any insight!
Just to add another wrinkle to consider - make sure your employer plan explicitly accepts rollovers of pre-tax IRA money. Some plans are weird about what they'll accept. I tried to do something similar in 2023 and my employer plan (through Fidelity) would only accept rollovers from previous employer plans, not from IRAs. Had to adjust my strategy completely. Call your plan administrator directly to verify before you start the process.
Thanks for mentioning this! I just checked with my HR department and they confirmed our plan (also Fidelity) does accept IRA rollovers, but only of the pretax portion. They said they'll need a statement from my IRA custodian that clearly shows the breakdown of pretax vs. after-tax amounts. That's really helpful to know before I start the process. One question though - do you know if there's a specific form that Fidelity requires for this? My HR person wasn't sure about the exact paperwork.
For Fidelity specifically, they have a form called "Transfer/Rollover/Exchange Form" that you need to fill out. You can find it on their website or they can send it to you. Make sure you check the box that indicates it's a direct rollover from an IRA to your employer plan. Additionally, you'll need a statement or letter from your current IRA custodian that clearly breaks down the pretax and after-tax portions. Some custodians have a specific form for this, others will just generate a letter if you explain what you need.
Don't forget about the pro-rata rule! If you do the backdoor Roth in the same year as the rollover to your work plan, you still have to include the pre-tax IRA money in the pro-rata calculation because the IRS looks at your IRA balances on December 31st of the year of conversion. The safer approach is: 1) Roll the pre-tax money to your work plan first, 2) Verify it's completed, 3) THEN do the Roth conversion of the remaining after-tax money.
I've been trying to figure out the whole business expense thing for my taxes. Let's say I buy parcels, shipping tape, pencils, pens, and other office supplies for my small business. I understand these should all qualify as tax deductible business expenses, but I'm confused about how the IRS actually verifies these are genuinely for business use and not personal stuff. Like, how do they know I'm not just using those pens and notebooks for my grocery lists or personal journal? Do I need to keep special documentation or is there some kind of system for proving business use? Or do they just take your word for it when you file? I'm worried about accidentally claiming something I shouldn't and getting in trouble later.
I'm a bookkeeper for small businesses and here's my practical advice: create a separate Amazon account for business purchases. I do this for all my clients and it makes tracking SO much easier. Most office supply deduction issues happen because people mix personal and business shopping. Having dedicated accounts creates a clear separation. Same goes for having a business credit card used ONLY for business expenses. For physical stores, take a photo of the receipt immediately and note what it was for. Apps like Receipt Bank or even just Google Drive can organize these for you. Remember that consistency matters more than perfection. The IRS is primarily looking for people who are deliberately abusing the system, not honest business owners who occasionally buy a pack of pens that might be used for both business and personal use.
What about stuff that's definitely dual-purpose? I bought a nice printer that I use maybe 70% for my business and 30% for kids' homework. Can I still deduct the whole thing or just part of it?
For dual-purpose equipment like your printer, you should only deduct the business percentage. So if it's genuinely 70% business use, you'd deduct 70% of the cost. For higher-value items like printers, computers, or tablets, it's especially important to be accurate with business-use percentages since these are more likely to be questioned in an audit. Keep a log for a few weeks showing how often you use it for business versus personal to support your percentage. Some of my clients even keep separate user profiles on their computers to help demonstrate the split use.
guys dont overthink this. the irs isnt checking if every single pen you bought was used for business. as long as the amount is reasonable for your business type, your fine. I've been deducting office supplies for 15 yrs and never had an issue. just dont go crazy and deduct $5000 in "office supplies" for a small etsy shop or something. use common sense. keep your receipts in case of audit but seriously i've never heard of anyone getting audited over pens and paper lol.
Sofia Gutierrez
18 Just to add another perspective - the support test is what matters here, not income. My daughter made almost $50k last year at 17 from her online business, but since she wasn't using that money for her own support (most went to college savings), we still claimed her as dependent. We documented everything carefully just in case of audit. Make sure your daughter's employer is withholding correctly. Child performers sometimes have special rules depending on your state, and some states require part of their earnings to go into a protected account (similar to the "Coogan Law" in California).
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Sofia Gutierrez
Author3 Did you have to fill out any special forms to document the support calculation? I've been trying to figure out if there's an official worksheet or something for this. My son made about $32k from gaming tournaments this year.
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Sofia Gutierrez
Author18 There's no specific IRS form for the support calculation, but I created a simple spreadsheet showing the total cost of my daughter's support (housing, food, education, medical, clothing, etc.) and what portion I paid versus what was paid from her earnings. I kept receipts for major expenses just in case. For your son's gaming tournaments, make sure you understand if they're considered prizes/awards (reported on Line 8 of Schedule 1) or self-employment income (Schedule C) - they're treated differently for tax purposes. In my daughter's case, her online business income required Schedule C and self-employment tax, which was a big surprise our first year dealing with it.
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Sofia Gutierrez
14 Has anyone dealt with the kiddie tax in this situation? I've heard if your child has unearned income (interest, dividends, etc.) over a certain amount, it gets taxed at the parent's rate. Is that something to worry about with high-earning child performers?
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Sofia Gutierrez
Author7 Good question! The kiddie tax only applies to unearned income (investment income, interest, dividends, capital gains) - not to earned income like modeling or acting wages. If your child performer is just earning wages, the kiddie tax doesn't apply at all. However, if they're earning enough that you're investing some of that money and generating significant investment income, then the kiddie tax could come into play. For 2024, the first $1,250 of unearned income is tax-free, the next $1,250 is taxed at the child's rate, and anything above $2,500 in unearned income would be taxed at the parent's rate.
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