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Don't forget about quarterly estimated tax payments! This was my biggest shock in my first year of business. Since you don't have an employer withholding taxes, you're supposed to make estimated tax payments every quarter. If this is your first year and you're filing late, you might face some penalties for not making those payments. But going forward, try to set aside about 25-30% of your profits for taxes (including self-employment tax which is an extra 15.3%). I learned this the hard way and got hit with a big tax bill plus penalties. Now I just automatically transfer 30% of every sale into a separate savings account for taxes.
Oh no, I had no idea about quarterly payments! So I should have been paying throughout 2024 already? How do I even calculate how much to pay each quarter when my income varies so much month to month?
Yes, you should have been making quarterly payments for 2024, but don't panic too much - first-time business owners often miss this. The payments are due in April, June, September, and January of the following year. For calculating the amount, you have a few options. The safest way is to pay 100% of your previous year's tax liability divided by four (or 110% if your income was over $150,000). Since this is your first year, you can estimate based on your projected annual profit. The IRS Form 1040-ES has worksheets to help you calculate this. If your income varies a lot, you can also use the "annualized income installment method" which lets you pay based on what you actually earned each quarter.
If you're doing your Schedule C for the first time, definitely don't forget about the QBI deduction (Qualified Business Income). As a sole proprietor, you might qualify for a deduction of up to 20% of your net business income! It's on Form 8995. I missed this my first year and later realized I left money on the table. It's one of those newer deductions that a lot of first-time business owners aren't aware of.
The QBI is huge! But doesn't it phase out at certain income levels? I think there are also limitations based on business type.
You're right about the phase-outs, but they start pretty high - around $170,700 for single filers or $341,400 for married filing jointly (for 2024). Since OP mentioned making about $24,000, they should be well under the threshold. There are limitations for certain service businesses like law, medicine, consulting, etc., but a woodworking business making physical products would generally qualify without those restrictions. The basic calculation is straightforward for most small businesses under the income thresholds - typically 20% of your net Schedule C income.
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Make sure you look closely at the "examination report" from your audit (usually Form 4549) and compare it with the CP22. Sometimes the examination report shows the additional tax only, while the CP22 includes that PLUS penalties and interest. In my experience, it's usually not that they doubled the actual tax amount, but that they've added failure-to-pay penalties (usually 0.5% per month), accuracy-related penalties (20% of the unpaid tax), and interest (which compounds daily). These additions can significantly increase the total amount due.
Thanks for this advice! I just pulled out my Form 4549 and compared it to the CP22. You're right that there are penalties listed on the CP22 that weren't on the examination report, but they only account for about $1,200 of the difference. There's still $1,550 unaccounted for, which seems to be an additional tax assessment that wasn't in our agreement.
That's concerning. When you and the auditor reached an agreement, you should have signed a form acknowledging the additional tax assessment. Check if you have a copy of this agreement - it's your strongest evidence. With that $1,550 unexplained difference, you should definitely contact the IRS promptly. When you call, ask specifically for the "examination department" and reference your audit case number. They should be able to pull the records and see what was actually agreed upon. Be prepared to fax or mail copies of your documentation showing the original agreed amount.
Make sure you're also checking the tax year on both documents! I once had a similar panic moment until I realized the CP22 was actually addressing BOTH my 2023 and 2024 tax years, while my audit agreement only covered 2024. Easy to miss this detail when you're stressed about the numbers.
This is excellent advice. The IRS often combines multiple issues in a single notice, especially if they're doing a multi-year review. I've seen CP22s that reference adjustments from completely different issues all bundled together.
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22 Not a dumb question at all! I'm a seasonal tax preparer and see this all the time. Here's the technical answer: Yes, all capital gains should be reported regardless of amount. But the practical answer? The tax on 32 cents would be... basically nothing. If Cash App issued a 1099-B, the IRS has that information, so ideally you should report it. But you absolutely don't need to pay for premium software for this. Most basic free tax filing options can handle simple capital gains reporting without extra fees.
7 So what form do I need to fill out for this? Is it complicated?
22 You'll need to fill out Schedule D (Capital Gains and Losses) and Form 8949 (Sales and Other Dispositions of Capital Assets). The 1099-B from Cash App contains all the information you need to complete these forms. It's not particularly complicated for simple transactions like yours. Most tax software, even free versions, will walk you through entering the information from your 1099-B and will automatically fill out these forms for you. The software will ask for details like purchase date, sale date, cost basis, and proceeds - all of which should be on your 1099-B.
4 Why is everyone making this so complicated? Just report it. Use free filing software, enter the numbers from the 1099-B, and be done with it. The tax will be literally pennies, but you'll have the peace of mind knowing you did everything by the book.
24 This is the right answer. I had a similar situation last year. Reported tiny gains, took maybe 5 extra minutes in TurboTax free edition, paid no extra fees, and had zero issues. All this worrying is more work than just filing it correctly.
4 Exactly! People get so worried about tax stuff when the solution is often simple. In this case: report it properly, pay the fraction of a penny you might owe, and sleep well knowing you're compliant. If the IRS sent you a form, they know about it - just include it in your return.
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7 Check out "Federal Tax Procedure" by the University of Minnesota Law School. They publish it online for free. It's not a course per se but it's incredibly comprehensive and organized like a textbook. I used it to supplement a paid course and honestly learned more from the free resource. Just be warned that it's dense reading, but if you're serious about learning tax law, it's worth it.
16 Do you have a link to this? I tried searching but came up with several different resources and I'm not sure which one you're referring to.
7 Sorry I should have included the link! It's called "Tax Procedure" by Morgan and is available through the University of Minnesota Scholarship Repository. Just Google "Morgan Tax Procedure Minnesota" and it should be the first result. The direct PDF is a bit hard to link, but that search should get you there. The most recent edition covers all the TCJA changes and has excellent citations if you want to dive deeper into specific sections of the tax code.
25 Has anyone used the Bloomberg BNA Tax Management Portfolios? My company has access but I can't tell if they're worth spending time on or if they're too advanced for someone starting out.
12 Bloomberg's materials are extremely comprehensive but probably not where you want to start if you're new to tax law. They're really designed for practicing tax attorneys and CPAs who already have a strong foundation. I'd recommend starting with something more accessible to build fundamentals, then using Bloomberg as a reference resource when you need deep dives into specific topics.
Chris Elmeda
Just an important note that people often miss: these inflation adjustments don't just affect tax brackets and standard deductions. They also impact contribution limits for retirement accounts, income thresholds for various credits (like the Child Tax Credit), HSA contribution limits, and a bunch of other things. For example, for 2024, 401(k) contribution limits went up to $23,000 (from $22,500) and IRA contribution limits increased to $7,000 (from $6,500) if you're under 50. So when planning your finances, remember to look at ALL the inflation adjustments, not just the tax brackets!
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Jean Claude
•Do the adjustments also apply to income limits for Roth IRA contributions? I'm right at the cutoff and wondering if I can still contribute for 2024.
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Chris Elmeda
•Yes, the income limits for Roth IRA contributions also increased for 2024. The phase-out range for single filers is now $146,000 to $161,000 (up from $138,000 to $153,000 in 2023). For married filing jointly, it's $230,000 to $240,000 (up from $218,000 to $228,000). So if you were right at the cutoff before, you might now be under the threshold thanks to these adjustments. This is exactly why these inflation adjustments are so important - they prevent "bracket creep" across all aspects of the tax code, not just the income tax brackets themselves.
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Charity Cohan
Does anyone know if the tax filing deadline is still April 15 for the 2024 tax year? With all these changes I'm confused about when we actually need to file.
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Josef Tearle
•Yes, the standard filing deadline for your 2024 taxes (which you'll file in 2025) is still April 15, 2025. The inflation adjustments only affect the tax brackets, deductions, and credits - not the filing deadlines.
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