Oh man I hadn't even thought about state taxes. I'm in Virginia - do you know if they handle 401k distributions the same way the feds do?

Virginia generally follows the federal treatment of retirement distributions, so if it's taxable for federal purposes, it will likely be taxable for Virginia as well. However, Virginia has its own deductions and credits that might help offset some of the additional income. I'd recommend checking the Virginia Department of Taxation website or contacting them directly. You might need to file an amended state return as well. Virginia's statute of limitations for tax assessments is generally 3 years, so they could potentially come after you for this even if they haven't yet.

This is good advice. I set up an installment agreement for about $40k a few years ago. Process was actually pretty straightforward online for amounts under $50k, but for $65k you'll probably need to call and talk to someone. They'll ask about your monthly expenses and income to determine what you can pay.

What's the ballpark cost for having a CPA handle an 1120S for a small business? My biggest concern with hiring someone is cost since we're pretty straightforward (just retail sales, no crazy deductions or situations).

For my business, which is similar in size to yours (about $280K in revenue), I pay around $1,200 for the 1120S preparation and filing. That includes quarterly check-ins and some basic tax planning. I know that might seem expensive compared to software that costs $150-200, but the CPA found enough legitimate deductions to more than cover her fee. The peace of mind is the biggest benefit though. No stress about making mistakes or missing deadlines. Plus, if there's ever an audit or question from the IRS, she handles all communication. For me, the cost is just another business expense that actually provides real value.

Great point! I use Drake Software for my small business and it handles all the business forms including 1120S. It's less known among casual users but very popular with tax professionals. The interface isn't as pretty as TurboTax but it gets the job done at a reasonable price.

Thanks for the Drake recommendation! I'll check that out for next year. I ended up using TaxAct Business which worked fine but was a bit more expensive than I expected. The e-file went through without issues though, and I got my acknowledgment from the IRS within a day.

This is really helpful! So there's a regular Child Tax Credit AND an Additional Child Tax Credit? My disability is SSDI if that matters. Would I still file a tax return even though my SSDI isn't taxable based on my total income amount?

Yes, there are two parts to the credit. The regular Child Tax Credit is non-refundable (only helps if you owe taxes), while the Additional Child Tax Credit is refundable (you can get it even without owing taxes). You should absolutely file a tax return even if your SSDI isn't taxable! That's the only way to claim the refundable credits you're eligible for. Many people on disability don't file because they don't have taxable income, and they miss out on these refundable credits. For 2022, you could get up to $1,500 per qualifying child through the ACTC.

For 2023, the rules are similar to 2022. The expanded 2021 version (which was fully refundable) has expired. You'll still be able to claim up to $1,500 per qualifying child as a refundable credit through the ACTC, even with only disability income. The total Child Tax Credit remains $2,000 per qualifying child for 2023, with up to $1,500 being refundable through the ACTC.

Can you explain how the "gross up" works? Do you just pay them more to cover the taxes, or is there some specific calculation?

We basically increase the payment amount to account for the roughly 15.3% self-employment tax they'll owe. So if we want them to net $1,000 after SE tax, we'd pay about $1,180 instead. There's no perfect calculation because their actual tax situation depends on all their other income and deductions, but this is a rough approximation that helps prevent surprises. We record the full grossed-up amount as the guaranteed payment on their K-1.

There's a narrow exception if the LLC has elected to be taxed as an S-Corp (not a partnership) AND the payments are for services outside the member's normal owner duties. But that's clearly not the case for the original poster since they file Form 1065 as a partnership.

Is that true across all states? I'm in Florida and starting a similar business. Did your broker explain why there's a difference in rates between the two structures?

From what our broker explained, it's not universal across all states but is common in many. The difference comes from how insurance companies assess risk based on historical claims data. They have more data on contractor LLCs than LLPs since LLCs are much more common in the construction industry. In Florida specifically, I've heard the difference can be even more pronounced because of how your state handles construction defect claims and the associated liability. Insurance companies have specific rating factors for different business structures, and LLCs in contracting tend to have more favorable loss histories in their actuarial data. Definitely worth getting quotes for both structures from a broker who specializes in contractor insurance.

Can you explain more about how that works? We're just starting but hoping to grow quickly. How complicated was switching to S-Corp taxation?