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Can you get Washington ESD unemployment while on FMLA leave?

I'm currently on FMLA leave from my job for a medical condition and my leave is supposed to end next month. However, my doctor is saying I might need to extend it and I'm worried my employer won't approve the extension. If they don't approve it and I can't return to work yet, would I be able to file for unemployment benefits through Washington ESD? I'm confused about whether being on medical leave affects eligibility. Has anyone dealt with this situation before?

Generally speaking, to qualify for unemployment benefits you need to be able and available for work. If you're still on medical leave and can't work, that could be an issue for your claim. However, every situation is different and there might be exceptions.

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That's what I was afraid of. So even if my employer terminates me for not returning after FMLA, I still wouldn't qualify if I'm not medically cleared to work?

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It's more complicated than that. You'd need to be able to work when you file the claim, but the reason for separation from your job also matters. I'd suggest calling Washington ESD to discuss your specific situation.

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Unfortunately, you generally can't collect unemployment while on FMLA because one of the main requirements for UI benefits is that you must be able and available for work. Since FMLA is specifically for when you can't work due to medical/family reasons, it conflicts with the availability requirement.

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That makes sense but it's frustrating since I'm not getting any income during this time. Are there any exceptions to this rule?

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Some states have different rules but Washington ESD is pretty strict about the able and available requirement from what I've seen.

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The key issue is the 'able and available' requirement for Washington ESD benefits. If you're on FMLA, you're essentially telling the state that you're unable to work, which directly contradicts the unemployment eligibility criteria. However, if your FMLA ends and you don't have a job to return to, then you could potentially file for UI benefits at that point.

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What if my employer terminates me while I'm on FMLA? Would that change things?

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If you're terminated while on FMLA (and it's not for cause), you might have a case for unemployment once you're medically cleared to return to work. But you'd still need to meet the able and available requirement.

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I tried calling Washington ESD about this exact situation last year and could never get through to an actual person. Spent hours on hold just to get disconnected. If you need to speak with someone at Washington ESD about your specific case, I recently discovered Claimyr (claimyr.com) which actually got me connected to an agent. They have a video demo at https://youtu.be/7DieNd3C7zQ that shows how it works. Saved me so much frustration trying to reach Washington ESD on my own.

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Never heard of Claimyr before - is it legit? Getting through to Washington ESD is such a nightmare.

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Yeah it's legitimate, they just help you get through the phone queue faster. Worth it when you have complex questions like FMLA eligibility that need a real person to answer.

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Wait I'm confused - I thought FMLA was paid leave? Why wouldn't you be getting income?

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FMLA is just job protection, not income replacement. Some employers offer paid family leave but FMLA itself is unpaid.

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Oh wow I had no idea. That's rough having no income during medical leave.

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This whole system is broken. You can't work because of medical reasons but you also can't get unemployment because you can't work. Makes no sense!! There should be some kind of bridge benefit for situations like this.

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I agree it's frustrating but that's what disability benefits are supposed to cover, not unemployment.

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Disability takes forever to get approved and most people don't qualify anyway. The system leaves people with no options.

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You might want to look into Washington State's Paid Family and Medical Leave program instead of unemployment. It's specifically designed for situations like yours where you need time off for family/medical reasons.

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I looked into that but I don't think I qualify because I haven't worked enough hours or something. The requirements seemed really specific.

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The requirements are different from unemployment but worth double-checking. You need 820 hours in the qualifying period I think.

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I went through something similar last year. The key is that you have to be able and available for work at the time you file your unemployment claim. If you're still under medical restrictions that prevent you from working, Washington ESD will likely deny your claim initially. However, once you're cleared by your doctor to return to work, you can file then.

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Did you have to wait until you were completely cleared, or could you file if you were cleared for light duty work?

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You need to be able to perform suitable work. Light duty restrictions might be okay depending on what jobs are available in your field, but Washington ESD will evaluate that during the eligibility determination process.

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This is confusing. I thought if your employer fires you while you're on FMLA that's illegal?

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I had a really hard time getting through to Washington ESD when I had questions about my medical situation affecting my claim. Spent hours on hold and kept getting disconnected. Finally found this service called Claimyr (claimyr.com) that helped me get connected to an actual agent. They have a video demo at https://youtu.be/7DieNd3C7zQ that shows how it works. Saved me so much frustration.

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How much does something like that cost? I'm already struggling financially.

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It's worth checking out their site for details. For me, the peace of mind of actually talking to someone who could answer my specific questions about medical leave and unemployment was invaluable.

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Wait, I'm confused about FMLA. Doesn't that protect your job? Why would your employer be able to terminate you?

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FMLA protects your job for up to 12 weeks, but after that protection ends, employers can terminate you if you can't return to work. It's not unlimited job protection.

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Oh wow, I didn't know there was a time limit. That's really stressful.

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This whole system is so messed up. You're sick, you lose your job, then you can't even get unemployment because you're sick. Makes no sense.

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I know, right? It feels like you're stuck between a rock and a hard place.

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The system is designed around the principle that unemployment benefits are for people who are ready to work but can't find jobs. There are other programs for people who can't work due to disability.

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Something else to consider - if your employer terminates you for inability to return from FMLA, that might be considered a termination due to inability to perform work rather than misconduct. The reason for separation affects your eligibility even if you're later cleared to work.

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So even once I'm cleared to work, the reason I was terminated could still affect my claim?

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Potentially yes. Washington ESD looks at the circumstances of your separation. Being terminated for inability to work due to medical reasons is different from being laid off or terminated for misconduct.

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Had this same question when my dad was in the hospital last year. Washington ESD told me flat out no unemployment while on FMLA. Even if your employer is being jerks about it, you still can't collect UI until you're actually terminated AND able to work again.

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How did you manage financially during that time? This is really stressing me out.

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Honestly it was really tough. Had to use savings and borrow from family. The system really doesn't help people in these situations.

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Same situation here - used up all my savings during unpaid FMLA. It's like being punished for having a family emergency.

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Have you looked into state disability benefits? That might be more appropriate for your situation than unemployment.

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I haven't looked into that yet. Is that through Washington ESD too or a different agency?

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Washington doesn't have a state disability program like some other states do. You'd need to check if you have private disability insurance through your employer or if you qualify for federal disability benefits.

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I work in HR and see this question a lot. The simple answer is no, you cannot collect unemployment while on FMLA leave because you're not available for work. The programs serve different purposes - FMLA protects your job while you're unable to work, unemployment provides income while you're looking for work.

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Is there any situation where someone on FMLA could qualify for unemployment?

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Only if they were terminated while on FMLA AND became able and available for work afterward. But they'd need medical clearance to return to work first.

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I'm in a similar boat - on FMLA now and worried about what happens next. This thread is really helpful but also scary.

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I know! It's so stressful not knowing what's going to happen.

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The most important thing is to stay in communication with both your employer and your healthcare provider. Document everything.

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This is why I always tell people to have an emergency fund. You never know when you'll need FMLA and can't rely on unemployment to cover it.

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Easy to say when you make enough money to save. Some people live paycheck to paycheck and can't build emergency funds.

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I understand it's difficult but even saving $20 a month adds up over time. Financial planning is important for everyone.

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Check if your employer offers short-term disability benefits. Mine does and it covered part of my income during FMLA leave. Not as much as my regular pay but better than nothing.

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I'll have to check my benefits package. I honestly never paid attention to that stuff when I started.

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A lot of people don't realize what benefits they have until they need them. HR should be able to explain your options.

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Just want to emphasize again - if you do need to contact Washington ESD about your specific situation, don't waste time trying to get through on your own. I used Claimyr to get connected and was able to talk to an agent who walked me through exactly how my medical situation would affect my claim eligibility. Much better than guessing.

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I might have to try that. The uncertainty is killing me and I need to know what my options are.

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Washington ESD is super strict about the able and available requirement. I learned this the hard way when I tried to file while dealing with my own health issues. They denied my claim immediately.

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Did you appeal the denial or just accept it?

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I appealed but lost because I couldn't prove I was able to work while dealing with my medical condition. It's a catch-22 situation.

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The timing matters too. Even if your FMLA ends, you need to be medically cleared to return to work before you can claim you're 'able and available' for unemployment purposes. Washington ESD will ask for documentation.

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What kind of documentation do they typically want?

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Usually a doctor's note stating you're cleared to return to work without restrictions, or with specific limitations if relevant.

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One more thing to keep in mind - timing matters a lot. If you file for unemployment while you're still medically restricted, you could get denied and then have to appeal later. But if you wait until you're cleared to work, you might have an easier time with the initial claim.

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But what if there's a gap between when I'm terminated and when I'm cleared to work? Do I lose benefit time?

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You can backdate your claim in some circumstances, but there are limits. This is definitely something you'd want to discuss with Washington ESD directly.

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The 'able and available' requirement is really strict. I got denied initially because I had some work restrictions after an injury, even though I could do most jobs. Had to appeal and provide documentation from my doctor.

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How did the appeal go? Was it hard to get approved?

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It took a while but I eventually got approved once I could show I was capable of performing suitable work. The key was having clear documentation from my doctor about what I could and couldn't do.

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This is exactly why I hate dealing with government agencies. Everything is so complicated and nobody gives you straight answers.

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That's why I ended up using Claimyr - at least then I could get clear answers about my specific situation instead of trying to figure it out from generic information online.

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I'm going through something similar and tried to get clarification from Washington ESD but their phone system is impossible. After reading about Claimyr here, I gave them a try and actually got connected to an ESD agent within an hour. They explained my specific situation much better than the generic info on the website.

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Was it expensive? I'm already stressed about money and don't want to spend more if I don't have to.

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It was worth it for me to get actual answers instead of guessing. Check out their site at claimyr.com if you want to see what they offer.

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Just a quick note - make sure you understand the difference between FMLA leave and other types of medical leave. FMLA has specific protections but also specific limitations.

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My HR department explained it but honestly I'm still confused about all the details.

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Yeah, it's complicated. The main thing is that FMLA gives you job protection for 12 weeks, but after that you're at the mercy of your employer's policies.

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Final thought - document everything. Keep records of all your medical appointments, communications with your employer, and any paperwork related to your FMLA leave. If you do end up filing for unemployment, you'll want to have a clear timeline of events.

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Good advice. I've been keeping some records but I should probably be more systematic about it.

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Definitely. And if you do get terminated, make sure you understand exactly what reason they're giving. That will matter for your unemployment claim.

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Just want to add that some people confuse FMLA with other types of leave. FMLA is specifically unpaid leave under federal law. If your employer offers paid family leave, that's separate and different rules might apply.

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My employer definitely said it's unpaid FMLA, not their paid leave program.

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Then yeah, unemployment won't be an option while you're on that leave unfortunately.

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The whole system needs reform. Having to choose between taking care of family and paying bills is ridiculous in 2025.

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Agreed but that's not really helpful for OP's immediate situation.

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True, just venting about how broken the system is for working families.

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One more thing to consider - if your employer violates FMLA rules and terminates you illegally, that could affect your unemployment eligibility in a positive way. But you'd need legal advice for that scenario.

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My employer seems supportive so far, but good to know in case things change.

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Yeah, hopefully it doesn't come to that but FMLA violations do happen and can complicate the unemployment picture.

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Bottom line: Washington ESD unemployment and FMLA don't mix because of the able and available requirement. Your best bet is to explore other income options like disability, paid family leave programs, or employer benefits during your FMLA period.

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Thanks everyone for the responses. Sounds like I need to focus on other options instead of unemployment.

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Sorry it's not better news, but at least now you know where to focus your energy. Good luck with everything.

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If anyone else is dealing with this, I found Claimyr really helpful for getting specific answers about complex situations like FMLA and unemployment. Their service connected me with an actual Washington ESD agent who could review my case details instead of just giving generic answers.

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How does Claimyr work exactly? Do they just help you get through the phone queue?

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Basically yeah, they handle the calling and waiting so you don't have to sit on hold for hours. Check out their demo video to see how it works: https://youtu.be/7DieNd3C7zQ

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Hope your family situation improves soon OP. The financial stress on top of medical/family issues is really tough to deal with.

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Thank you, I really appreciate the support. This thread has been really helpful even though the news isn't what I hoped for.

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Thanks everyone for all the helpful information. It sounds like I really need to speak with Washington ESD directly about my specific situation rather than trying to figure it out on my own.

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Absolutely. And seriously consider using Claimyr to get through to them - it'll save you hours of frustration trying to get connected on your own.

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I'm definitely going to look into that. This is too important to leave to chance.

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I went through something similar last year when I was on FMLA for my daughter's surgery. The waiting and uncertainty about what comes next is really stressful. Just make sure you get everything in writing from both your doctor and employer - those records will be crucial if you do end up needing to file for unemployment later once you're cleared to work again.

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This whole situation sounds really overwhelming. I'm new to this community but dealing with something similar - my partner is on FMLA right now and we're worried about what happens if their leave gets extended. Reading through all these responses has been eye-opening about how strict the "able and available" requirement really is. It seems like the system really puts people in impossible situations when they're dealing with medical issues but still need income. I hope you're able to get some clear answers when you contact Washington ESD directly.

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