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Can I get Social Security survivor benefits if our marriage might not have been legal due to delayed divorce decree?

I'm in a really complicated situation regarding survivor benefits and don't know if I qualify. My partner of 8 years passed away unexpectedly last month. We had a marriage ceremony in Arizona in 2020 right after what I thought was my finalized divorce from my previous husband. We have a certified marriage certificate from AZ and everything. The problem is, while my divorce hearing was in January 2020, I just discovered the actual divorce decree wasn't issued until 2022 (they blamed 'pandemic delays' but that's ridiculous). So technically, I might have still been married to my ex when I married my late partner. Now I'm trying to figure out if I can even apply for survivor benefits. We were together for 8 years but possibly only 'legally' married for 1 year if the marriage counts from when my divorce was actually finalized. We always filed taxes as 'married filing separately' but I'm not sure if that helps prove anything to SSA. Has anyone dealt with something similar or know what SSA considers a valid marriage in cases like this? I'm 58 and really counting on those survivor benefits.

CosmicVoyager

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This is definitely complicated but you may still have options. The Social Security Administration generally follows state law when determining if a marriage is valid. In your case, they would look at whether your marriage would be considered valid under Arizona law. Sometimes even if a marriage had technical flaws, it might be recognized as a "putative marriage" if you entered into it in good faith. I suggest you gather these documents before applying: 1. Your marriage certificate 2. Your divorce decree (even though it was delayed) 3. Your late husband's death certificate 4. Any tax returns you filed as married 5. Documentation showing you lived together as husband/wife The fact that you thought your divorce was final might help your case. SSA does sometimes recognize marriages entered in good faith even with technical issues.

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Thank you for this thorough response. I'm still confused about the "putative marriage" concept - does that mean even though there might have been a technical problem with the marriage, SSA might still consider it valid because we believed it was legal at the time? I have all those documents except I'm not sure what would count as "documentation showing we lived together as husband/wife" besides our joint bank account statements and some utility bills.

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Ravi Kapoor

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im sorry for ur loss but u need to be careful here! my aunt tried to claim benefits in a similar situation (different timing but also overlap in marriages) and SSA accused her of fraud! they made her pay back thousands and it was a nightmare. definately get a lawyer before u submit anything to them!!!

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Oh my god, that's terrifying. The last thing I need is a fraud investigation. Did your aunt eventually get any benefits or was she denied completely? I'm worried about hiring a lawyer since I'm already struggling financially after funeral expenses.

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Freya Nielsen

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I worked for SSA for 15 years before retiring. Here's what you need to know: SSA will indeed look at state law, but they ALSO apply what's called the "deemed valid marriage" rule. If you believed in good faith that you were free to marry and lived with your spouse as husband and wife, SSA may consider the marriage valid for benefit purposes even if there was a legal impediment. The key factors will be: 1. Did you believe in good faith you were divorced? (sounds like yes) 2. Did you live together continuously until death? (sounds like yes) 3. Was there no legal impediment to the marriage at the time of the survivor benefit application? (your divorce is now final, so yes) File the application and be completely honest about the timeline. The worst that happens is they deny the claim, but they won't accuse you of fraud if you're truthful upfront.

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Thank you so much for this insider perspective! This makes me feel a lot better. Yes to all three of those questions. I absolutely believed my divorce was final (I had attended the court hearing and everything), we lived together continuously, and my divorce is definitely final now. I'll make sure to be 100% transparent about the timeline when I apply.

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Omar Mahmoud

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Whatever you do, DONT GO TO THE SSA OFFICE WITHOUT AN APPOINTMENT!! I spent 5 HOURS waiting last month only to be told to come back another day because they were closing!!! And nobody answers their phone EVER! Such a broken system when people are grieving and need help.

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Chloe Harris

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I had the same horrible experience trying to reach someone at SSA about survivor benefits. After two weeks of failed calls, I found this service called Claimyr (claimyr.com) that gets you through to a real SSA agent quickly. Saved me hours of frustration - they have a video showing how it works here: https://youtu.be/Z-BRbJw3puU For complicated cases like yours where you need to actually speak with someone knowledgeable, it's worth checking out. Much better than waiting for hours at the office or getting disconnected repeatedly.

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Diego Vargas

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This happened to my brother and his wife!!! She thought her divorce was final but there was some paperwork issue. When he died, SSA actually approved her survivor benefits because they had been together for 10+ years and she could prove they lived as husband/wife the whole time. They said something about "deemed valid marriage" - definitely mention that term when you apply!

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This gives me hope! We were definitely together as a couple for 8+ years, though only "married" for about 2-3 years depending on when you count from. I'll definitely mention the "deemed valid marriage" term. Did your brother's wife have to appeal initially or was she approved right away?

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NeonNinja

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Not tryna be negative, but why did u wait 2 years to check if ur divorce was actually final??? Most people would check that right away... Just saying the SSA people might wonder about that too

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That's a fair question. I had the court hearing, paid all the fees, and my lawyer told me it was just a matter of processing the paperwork. Then COVID hit, courts shut down, and honestly with my health issues at the time (I was undergoing intensive treatment), checking on paperwork was the last thing on my mind. I assumed no news was good news. Not the best excuse, but it's the truth.

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CosmicVoyager

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One more thing to consider: if you can't qualify for survivor benefits based on this marriage, check if you might qualify based on your previous marriage if it lasted at least 10 years. If you were married to your ex for 10+ years, you could potentially claim survivor benefits on his record when he passes (or even spousal benefits if he's still living and you're both old enough). Also, when you apply, bring any evidence that you held yourselves out as married to the community - joint bank accounts, insurance policies listing each other as spouses, deeds or leases showing both names, even holiday cards addressed to you as a married couple. SSA looks at the totality of circumstances in cases like yours.

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Unfortunately my previous marriage only lasted 8 years, so that won't help. But the tip about bringing evidence we presented ourselves as married is super helpful! I have plenty of that - insurance policies, joint accounts, even our wills that refer to each other as spouses. I'll gather all of that before applying. Thank you!

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Ravi Kapoor

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BTW dont forget you have to apply for the $255 death benefit too! Its not much but every bit helps when dealing with funeral costs

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Thank you - I had no idea about this! $255 isn't much but you're right, every bit helps right now.

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