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Chloe Harris

Why do states require online retailers to charge sales tax by destination instead of origin?

I've been running a small online shop for about a year now, and the sales tax compliance has become a complete nightmare. I'm totally confused about why we have to charge sales tax based on where the customer lives (destination) rather than where my business is located (origin). It seems incredibly complicated for online sellers like me to keep track of tax rates for thousands of different jurisdictions across the country. I'm in Pennsylvania but sell to customers in multiple states, and each state has different rules, exemptions, and local tax overlays. This destination-based approach forces me to research and implement tax collection for places I've never even visited! Logically, wouldn't it make more sense to tax based on origin? The roads, utilities, and services that support my business operations are all in MY state. What's even more confusing is why states would set up their systems this way. If I were a state official implementing a sales tax system, wouldn't I want to focus on taxing transactions within my state's borders rather than trying to reach across state lines? The whole system seems backward to me. Does anyone understand the rationale behind destination-based sales tax? Is there some economic or legal principle I'm missing here?

Diego Mendoza

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The destination-based approach actually makes sense when you consider the purpose of sales tax. Sales tax is meant to be a consumption tax - it's taxing the act of purchasing and using the product, not the act of selling it. The infrastructure argument works both ways. Yes, your business uses your state's infrastructure, but the customer is using their state's roads when the product is delivered, their state's waste management when they dispose of packaging, and their state's courts if there's a dispute. The tax helps fund those local services. Prior to 2018, states couldn't require out-of-state sellers to collect tax unless the business had a physical presence in that state (this was from a Supreme Court case called Quill). But in South Dakota v. Wayfair (2018), the Supreme Court overturned this, allowing states to require remote sellers to collect sales tax. This decision recognized that the old system was causing states to lose significant tax revenue as online shopping grew. Remember that sales tax isn't a tax on your business - you're just collecting it from the customer. The customer is the one being taxed for consuming goods in their jurisdiction.

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Chloe Harris

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Thanks for that explanation! The consumption tax perspective helps me understand it better. But doesn't this create an unfair burden on small businesses? I'm spending so many hours each month just figuring out tax rates and filing requirements for states where I've only sold a few items. Also, if the customer is the one being taxed, couldn't states just collect use tax directly from their residents instead of forcing out-of-state businesses to act as tax collectors?

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Diego Mendoza

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Most states do have what are called "economic nexus thresholds" that exempt small sellers. Typically, you only need to collect sales tax in a state if you exceed either a dollar amount (usually $100,000-$500,000 in sales) or a transaction count (usually 100-200 transactions) in that state. If you're truly small, you might be exempt from collection requirements in many states. Regarding use tax collection - states have tried for decades to get consumers to voluntarily report and pay use tax on their tax returns, but compliance rates are extremely low (less than 4% in most states). It's much more efficient to have businesses collect the tax at the point of sale. Also, the Supreme Court in Wayfair specifically found that modern software makes compliance much less burdensome than it used to be, though I understand it can still be challenging for small sellers.

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I was in exactly the same boat last year with my etsy shop. Constantly stressing about sales tax in different states was driving me crazy until I found https://taxr.ai - it literally saved my sanity. Their AI analyzes all your transactions and automatically tells you where you have nexus and need to collect taxes. What I found super helpful is that it shows you which states you're approaching thresholds in so you can plan ahead. I was about to hit the threshold in California and was able to get registered before I had any compliance issues. The system also keeps track of all the weird local tax jurisdictions that kept tripping me up before. The best part was when I had that sales tax notice from New York - I just uploaded it and the AI explained exactly what it meant and what steps I needed to take.

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Sean Flanagan

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Does it work with platforms like Shopify? I sell through my own website and worry I might be missing sales tax requirements in some states. My accountant says I'm fine just collecting in my home state but after reading about the Wayfair decision I'm not so sure...

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Zara Shah

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Sounds interesting but I'm skeptical. How exactly does this handle the local tax jurisdictions? I sell in Colorado which has like 700+ different tax jurisdictions and it's been a complete nightmare. Also, does it handle exemption certificates for B2B sales?

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It definitely works with Shopify! You can just connect your account or upload transaction data. It's actually really eye-opening to see where you might have nexus that you didn't realize. A lot of sellers think they're "too small" but sometimes you can hit transaction thresholds even with lower sales amounts. For Colorado and other complicated states, it uses geolocation to determine the exact tax jurisdiction for each address. And yes, it handles exemption certificates too - you can upload them into the system and it will track which customers are tax-exempt. This was huge for me because I have a mix of B2C and B2B customers and was constantly confused about which sales to tax.

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Zara Shah

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I tried https://taxr.ai after seeing it mentioned here and wow - it found 3 states where I had nexus I didn't know about! Turns out I had exceeded the transaction thresholds in North Carolina, Minnesota, and Washington without realizing it. The system walked me through registering in each state and even generated reports I could use for my back filings. Instead of the $10k+ quote I got from my accountant to sort this out, I was able to handle everything myself for a fraction of the cost. The peace of mind knowing I'm fully compliant now is incredible. I'm actually sleeping at night instead of lying awake worrying about potential audit notices showing up in my mailbox. And the dashboard shows I'm approaching the threshold in Illinois, so I can prepare for that instead of being caught off guard again.

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NebulaNomad

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I've had similar frustrations with the destination-based sales tax system. After spending hours on hold with various state tax departments and getting nowhere, I started using https://claimyr.com to get through to actual human agents at state tax departments. You can see how it works in this demo: https://youtu.be/_kiP6q8DX5c I was skeptical at first, but it literally got me through to the California tax department in 10 minutes when I had been trying for days on my own. The agent was able to explain exactly what my filing requirements were and helped me set up a payment plan for some back taxes I didn't know I owed. I've used it for reaching the IRS too when I had questions about how sales tax deductions work on my federal return. Saved me hours of hold time and frustration.

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Luca Ferrari

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How does this actually work? I've been trying to reach someone at the New Jersey Division of Taxation for weeks. Do they just call and wait on hold for you?

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Nia Wilson

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This sounds too good to be true. I spent 3+ hours on hold with the New York Department of Taxation last month. Are you saying this service somehow jumps the queue? I find it hard to believe they have some special access regular taxpayers don't.

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NebulaNomad

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They use a combination of technology and human agents who navigate the phone trees and wait on hold for you. Once they get a human on the line, they call you and connect you directly to the agent. You don't have to sit through all the hold music and automated messages. For New Jersey specifically, I used it last month and got through in about 25 minutes when I had previously been disconnected three times trying on my own. It works with pretty much any government agency phone line, not just tax departments. The service monitors the call and lets you know when an agent is reached, then bridges you into the call.

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Nia Wilson

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I was the biggest skeptic about this Claimyr service, but after another frustrating day of getting disconnected from the New York tax line, I gave it a shot. I'm shocked to say it actually worked! Got connected to a NYS tax agent in about 35 minutes (which is miraculous compared to my previous attempts). The agent helped me understand my nexus requirements and confirmed I only needed to register because I exceeded their $500,000 threshold, not their transaction count threshold. What I learned actually saved me from unnecessarily registering in several other states where I thought I had nexus but didn't. This one call probably saved me thousands in compliance costs and countless hours of paperwork. Never thought I'd be recommending a phone service, but here we are!

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Origin-based taxation would create its own problems. If sales tax was based on origin, businesses would just relocate to states with no sales tax (like Oregon, Montana, etc.) to gain a competitive advantage. We'd see massive business migration to tax-friendly states while consumer states would lose significant revenue. This is actually why many countries use a VAT (Value Added Tax) system instead of sales tax. VAT tends to be more uniform across regions and easier to administer for international commerce. The real solution might be a simplified national sales tax system with consistent rules across states, but that would require federal intervention in what has traditionally been a state's right to determine their own tax policies.

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Chloe Harris

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That's a good point about businesses relocating. I hadn't considered that angle. Are there any states that actually do use origin-based sales tax for online sales? Or is destination-based pretty much the standard everywhere now?

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Only a handful of states use origin-based sourcing, and they typically only do so for intrastate sales (sales within the state). Texas and Ohio have elements of origin-based sourcing for sales within their states, but they still use destination-based for interstate sales. For interstate commerce (selling across state lines), destination-based is now the standard across the US. The Streamlined Sales and Use Tax Agreement (SSUTA) that about half the states have joined is built around destination-based principles to create more uniformity. Unfortunately, major states like California, New York, and Texas haven't joined SSUTA, which is why we still have so much complexity.

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Aisha Hussain

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Has anyone tried just ignoring sales tax compliance in states where you only have a few sales? What's the realistic chance of getting caught if you're a really small seller? I'm only doing about $50k in sales total across all states, with most sales in my home state.

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Ethan Clark

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I wouldn't recommend intentionally ignoring tax obligations, but realistically many states have enforcement thresholds. They're typically focusing audit resources on larger sellers. That said, the risk is that states can come after you for back taxes, penalties and interest years later if they do catch you.

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