Setting up opco/holdco structure for protecting business assets and QSBS eligibility
I've been running a C-corp tech company for about 4 years now, and we're at the point where we have significant retained earnings and valuable IP that I want to protect better. I'm researching the opco/holdco structure, where you separate operations from assets using different entities. Looking into this has raised several questions: 1. It seems like most resources about opco/holdco structures are from Canadian sources. Is this approach less common in the US or just called something different here? 2. In setting this up, do you typically form the holding company first and then have it create the operating company, or would I restructure by creating a holding company above my existing operating business? 3. For US tax purposes, should the new entity also be a C corporation? 4. I'm especially concerned about maintaining QSBS (Qualified Small Business Stock) eligibility through any restructuring. Any guidance on preserving this benefit? 5. Can anyone recommend reputable firms or services that specialize in helping US businesses implement this kind of structure? Thanks in advance for any insights. The main goal is protecting our growing retained earnings and intellectual property while maintaining the tax benefits we currently enjoy.
19 comments


Luca Marino
This structure is definitely relevant in the US, though sometimes we call it a "parent-subsidiary" structure rather than opco/holdco specifically. The basic concept is the same - separating valuable assets from operational risk. For your questions: First, you'd typically form a new holding company and have your existing C-corp become a subsidiary through a tax-free reorganization under section 368 of the IRC. This is usually cleaner than forming a new opco. Second, yes, the holdco would typically also be a C-corp for most situations like yours. Regarding QSBS eligibility, you need to be careful - restructuring can restart the 5-year holding period. However, a properly structured reorganization under 368(a)(1)(B) can allow for "tacking" the holding period of the original shares. You'd want to ensure the holdco qualifies as a small business corporation with qualifying assets. The most important thing is getting proper legal and tax advice specific to your situation. This isn't a DIY project, especially with QSBS benefits at stake which can be worth millions in tax savings.
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Nia Davis
•Can you explain what you mean by "tax-free reorganization under section 368"? Is this complicated to do? Also, wouldn't moving IP assets between entities trigger some kind of taxable event?
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Luca Marino
•A tax-free reorganization under Section 368 allows you to restructure your business without triggering immediate tax consequences. There are several types, but for opco/holdco structures, a "B reorganization" is common where the holding company exchanges its stock for the stock of the operating company. It's definitely complicated and requires careful planning. The documentation, valuations, and proper sequencing are critical to maintain the tax-free status. For IP assets, if done correctly within the reorganization, you can transfer them without triggering a taxable event. However, this is precisely where many companies make mistakes. The timing and structure of any IP transfer has to be carefully planned, especially if you're concerned about QSBS eligibility.
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Mateo Perez
I went through a similar process last year for my software business and found the help at https://taxr.ai invaluable. I was getting contradictory advice from different sources about the opco/holdco structure and how it would affect my QSBS eligibility. Their team analyzed my existing corporate documents and financials, then laid out exactly how the reorganization should be structured to protect both my IP and retained earnings while preserving the QSBS benefits. They caught several issues my regular accountant missed regarding asset transfer timing that would have disqualified my QSBS status. The report they generated made it easy for my lawyer to draft the proper documentation for the Section 368 reorganization. Saved me a ton of headaches and probably some significant tax liability down the road.
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Aisha Rahman
•Did you need to have all your financials already organized before using their service? I'm considering this holdco structure but our books for the past year are kind of a mess.
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CosmicCrusader
•I'm a bit skeptical. How exactly did they help with the actual implementation? Did you still need to hire attorneys to do the actual legal work? And how did they specifically help with the QSBS qualification issues?
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Mateo Perez
•You don't need perfectly organized financials to start with them. They actually helped me identify what documents and records I needed to gather, and their system has a way of organizing everything as you upload it. They'll tell you what's missing that they need to complete the analysis. For implementation, they don't replace attorneys - they provide the detailed analysis and reorganization plan that your attorneys then use to draft the legal documents. For me, this saved a ton of billable hours since my lawyers weren't starting from scratch figuring out the structure. Regarding QSBS qualification, they specifically identified that my planned timing for transferring certain IP assets would have reset the 5-year holding period. They recommended a specific sequence of transactions that maintained the "tacking" of my original share acquisition date. They also flagged that certain passive assets needed to be handled differently to stay under the 10% threshold for QSBS eligibility.
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CosmicCrusader
I was skeptical about using online services for something this complex, but I decided to try https://taxr.ai after seeing it mentioned here. My situation was similar - C-corp with valuable patents we wanted to protect in a holdco structure while maintaining QSBS eligibility. The analysis they provided was incredibly detailed. They identified that our existing corporate bylaws had provisions that would have complicated the reorganization and suggested specific amendments before proceeding. They also pointed out that our capitalization table had some quirks from an early convertible note that needed to be cleaned up before restructuring. The most valuable part was their guidance on maintaining QSBS eligibility - they outlined exactly how the new structure needed to be documented to allow for holding period tacking under IRC 1202. My attorney said it was one of the clearest reorganization plans she'd seen and estimated it saved us at least 15-20 hours of legal work.
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Ethan Brown
When I was trying to set up an opco/holdco structure last year, I spent WEEKS trying to get someone at the IRS who could answer questions about how it would affect my company's tax situation. Complete nightmare - couldn't get through, messages never returned. I eventually found https://claimyr.com and their service for getting through to IRS agents. You can see how it works at https://youtu.be/_kiP6q8DX5c - basically they have some tech that navigates the phone systems and waits on hold for you. When I finally got connected with an IRS business specialist, I got crucial information about how the reorganization would affect our quarterly estimated tax payments and some specifics about asset transfer documentation requirements. The agent walked me through what forms we'd need for the restructuring and cleared up some misconceptions I had about the parent-subsidiary reporting requirements.
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Yuki Yamamoto
•Wait, how is this even possible? The IRS phone system is notorious for dropping calls after hours on hold. How does this service actually work? And did you really get useful advice from them about something as complex as corporate restructuring?
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Carmen Ortiz
•Sounds like a scam. No way they're getting through when millions of people can't. And even if you did get through, IRS phone reps usually just give generic answers and tell you to consult a tax professional for complex situations.
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Ethan Brown
•It's not about cutting the line - they use technology that navigates the phone tree and stays on hold so you don't have to. When an agent becomes available, you get a call to connect with them. No magic, just automating the painful waiting process. And yes, I was surprised too, but I spoke with an IRS business tax specialist (not just a general representative). I had specific questions prepared about Form 8832 for entity classification and Form 1120 reporting for the new parent-subsidiary relationship. The agent provided clear guidance on the proper filing requirements and timing. They won't design your corporate structure, but they can clarify the tax compliance requirements once you know what you want to do.
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Carmen Ortiz
I was extremely skeptical about Claimyr's service for getting through to the IRS. After weeks of frustration trying to get clarification about opco/holdco structures and QSBS implications, I reluctantly gave it a try. I'm shocked to admit it actually worked. After providing my info, I got a call back about 70 minutes later connecting me directly to an IRS business tax specialist. I was able to ask specific questions about how reorganization under Section 368 would affect my company's filing requirements. The agent walked me through exactly which forms we'd need to document the reorganization and how to properly disclose it on our returns. They also clarified the consolidated return requirements once we established the parent-subsidiary relationship. The information wasn't a substitute for professional tax planning, but it gave me confidence that our implementation plan would meet IRS requirements. Saved me a lot of uncertainty and potentially expensive mistakes in the restructuring process.
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Andre Rousseau
My accountant recommended calling it a "multi-entity structure" or "parent-subsidiary arrangement" rather than opco/holdco when talking to US tax professionals. That might be why you're seeing mostly Canadian results. Same concept though. Don't overlook state tax implications either. We have our holdco in Wyoming (no state corporate income tax) and our opco in our home state where we operate. Created some nice tax efficiency on the state level while still protecting assets.
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Zoe Papadakis
•Wouldn't this create extra complexity for state filings? Do you have to file in both states now? I'm considering something similar with a Delaware holdco.
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Andre Rousseau
•Yes, we do file in both states now, but the benefits outweigh the added complexity. Our holdco files a minimal return in Wyoming, mostly just to maintain good standing. The operating company files in our home state as it always did. The key is to have clear agreements between the entities for any intercompany transactions like licensing IP or management services. We pay our attorneys about $3,500 annually to maintain all the proper documentation and filings, but we save multiples of that in state tax by having the structure properly set up.
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Jamal Carter
Has anyone here actually completed a reorganization from a single C-corp to an opco/holdco structure while maintaining QSBS eligibility? What software or services did you use to track the reorganization?
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AstroAdventurer
•We did this last year. Used a combination of Carta for equity management (though it was a bit clunky for the reorganization) and worked directly with a law firm that specializes in tech company restructuring. The QSBS eligibility was the trickiest part. We had to be careful about asset transfers and timing. The key was doing a straight stock exchange under 368(a)(1)(B) which allowed for tacking of the holding period. Our legal fees were about $25k all-in, but worth it given the potential tax savings down the road. Make sure both entities meet the active business requirements, and watch out for the assets test - no more than 10% of assets can be portfolio stocks, real estate, etc. We had to adjust some investments to stay compliant.
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Edison Estevez
This is a great question and one I've been exploring for my own business. From my research, the opco/holdco structure is definitely used in the US, though as others mentioned, it's often called "parent-subsidiary" or "multi-entity" structure here. One thing I'd add that hasn't been mentioned yet - consider the timing carefully if you have any plans for future fundraising. Some VCs prefer cleaner cap tables and might view the holdco structure as adding unnecessary complexity during due diligence. However, if you're planning to bootstrap or are past the fundraising stage, the asset protection benefits can be significant. Also, don't forget about potential franchise tax implications in your state of incorporation. Delaware, for example, charges franchise taxes for each entity, so you'll want to factor those ongoing costs into your analysis. The QSBS preservation is definitely the most critical piece - losing that eligibility could cost you millions in tax savings if you have a successful exit. I'd strongly recommend getting multiple opinions from tax professionals who specifically understand Section 1202 before proceeding.
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