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Aiden Chen

LLC Profit Distributions to Non-Members - Can Family Get Payments Without Ownership?

I run a small business set up as a single-member LLC, and I want to distribute some of the profits to my family (both parents and my sister) who help with the business operations. Currently, they're not on any official payroll and don't receive any income from the business, but they're putting in serious hours helping me run things. I want to find a legitimate way to get them some money from the LLC profits, but I definitely need to keep 100% ownership of the business myself. I was thinking maybe I could issue 1099s to them? But I'm not sure if that's the right approach from a tax standpoint. Would really appreciate some advice on the proper way to handle LLC profit distributions to non-members who are family. Is there a clean way to do this without making them partial owners or getting into tax trouble? Thanks!

Zoey Bianchi

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The most straightforward way to pay your family members is to hire them as employees or independent contractors, depending on the nature of their work and your relationship with them. If they're regularly working set hours under your direction, they should probably be W-2 employees. You'd need to set up payroll, withhold taxes, etc. This is cleaner from a tax perspective, and you can deduct their wages as a business expense. If they're more independent in how they complete tasks, you could classify them as independent contractors and issue 1099-NECs. But be careful - the IRS has specific criteria for who qualifies as a contractor vs. employee. Family members often fail the contractor test because of the close relationship. Another option is to make them "silent partners" with profit-sharing rights but no management rights. This would require amending your LLC operating agreement, but you could retain 100% voting control while distributing some percentage of profits. What specific roles do your family members play in the business? That would help determine the best approach.

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What if the family members only help occasionally? Like maybe the brother comes in twice a month to help with inventory and the parents answer phones when the owner is out? Would that still need to be W-2 or could it be 1099 then?

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Zoey Bianchi

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For occasional help, 1099 classification is more likely to be appropriate, especially if the work is irregular and they control when and how they do it. The key factors the IRS looks at include: how integral their work is to your business operations, whether they're economically dependent on you, and who controls the work details. For truly occasional help like you described, independent contractor status may work, but document everything carefully - create contracts outlining specific projects or tasks, keep records of their hours/work performed, and ensure they're not treated like regular employees with schedules/supervision.

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Have you considered doing guaranteed payments instead of distributions? Guaranteed payments to partners (or the LLC equivalent) are essentially payments for services or capital that are guaranteed regardless of the LLC's income. This might be cleaner than trying to do "distributions" to non-members since distributions technically should only go to actual members of the LLC. With guaranteed payments, you'd: 1. Deduct them as a business expense on your Schedule C 2. Your family members would report them as ordinary income 3. You maintain 100% ownership Might be worth discussing with a CPA who specializes in small business structures.

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Aiden Chen

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Would guaranteed payments work even though they're not officially members/partners in the LLC? I wasn't clear if that option is only available to actual members.

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You're right to question that - guaranteed payments in the strict sense are meant for partners/members. For non-members, you'd technically need to classify the payments either as wages (W-2) or independent contractor payments (1099-NEC). The key distinction is that guaranteed payments go to partners for services rendered "in their capacity as partners," whereas your family members would be providing services as non-partners. So you'd need to establish either an employment or contractor relationship with proper documentation to support the business purpose of their work.

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As someone who does taxes for small businesses, I'd strongly recommend you consider a family management company as an alternative. Here's how it works: Your family members form their own LLC that provides management services to your LLC. You pay their LLC (not them individually) for clearly defined services. They then distribute the profits within their own LLC however they want. This creates a proper business-to-business relationship that's much cleaner for tax purposes than trying to pay non-members directly. Plus it gives your family members some liability protection too.

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Ethan Scott

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Wouldn't this approach create additional tax filings and complexity? Seems like creating a whole new business entity just to pay family might be overkill.

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Malik Johnson

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You raise a good point about complexity, but it depends on the scale. If we're talking about significant ongoing payments to multiple family members, the extra tax filing might actually save money in the long run through better deduction opportunities and clearer audit trails. For smaller, occasional payments, you're absolutely right that it's probably overkill. The simpler 1099 contractor route with proper documentation would make more sense in those cases. @Genevieve Cavalier - at what dollar amount or frequency would you typically recommend considering the family management company approach versus just going with individual contractor agreements?

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