Wouldn't mailing take forever to process though? I heard the IRS has massive backlogs with paper returns and it could take 6+ months. Would FAFSA accept just a mailing receipt as proof of filing?

Current processing time for paper returns is about 6-8 weeks, not 6 months. That used to be the case during COVID, but they've caught up significantly. Most financial aid offices understand the IRS processing timelines and will accept proof of mailing (certified mail receipt) as temporary documentation while the return processes. You can follow up by ordering a tax transcript once it's processed, which is what they ultimately want to see. Just contact your financial aid office first to confirm this approach works for them - different schools have different policies.

Thanks for bringing this up! I actually looked into this. Even though they weren't required to file based on the income threshold, they had federal taxes withheld from their paychecks. So we're filing to get that refunded - it's about $300 which would help with college expenses. Also, their college financial aid office specifically requested a 2022 tax return or transcript rather than the non-filing statement. Apparently, they've had issues with the non-filing verification process this year.

That makes perfect sense. Getting that $300 back is definitely worth filing for, and if the school specifically wants the return rather than a non-filing statement, you're on the right track. Just as an FYI for future reference, for very low incomes like this, your child might be able to claim "exempt" on their W-4 to avoid having federal tax withheld in the first place. That way they get all their money upfront instead of waiting for a refund. Something to consider for their current job if applicable!

Thank you for mentioning that! I did claim treaty benefits under Article 20 for my country, but I didn't submit a Form 8833 because I thought it wasn't required for standard treaty exemptions. Is that form always required even for common treaty positions?

Form 8833 has some exceptions for common treaty positions, but the rules are quite specific. For students and teachers claiming benefits under Articles like 20, you often don't need Form 8833 for the standard exemptions. However, if your situation has any unusual aspects or if you're claiming benefits that reduce your tax by more than $10,000, then Form 8833 is required. If you're unsure, it doesn't hurt to complete and send Form 8833 even if it wasn't strictly required. The IRS would rather have more documentation than less. Include a copy of your relevant treaty article and explain your position clearly to avoid further delays.

Sprintax is the best for 1040NR btw... most regular tax software doesn't handle international situations well. I tried using TurboTax my first year and it was a disaster. Switched to Sprintax and haven't had issues since.

Thanks for mentioning the national org - I didn't think about that! I just checked our member portal and it looks like they actually do have some resources specifically for chapter treasurers. Apparently they even host a monthly zoom call where they answer tax questions from chapter officers. Do you know how soon after our fiscal year ends we need to file? Our fiscal year follows the academic year and ended May 31st.

The 990-N is due by the 15th day of the 5th month after your fiscal year ends. So with your May 31st fiscal year end, you'd need to file by October 15th. That's good news about your national organization resources! Those monthly calls could be incredibly valuable, especially if you have any fraternity-specific questions that general tax advice wouldn't cover. Many national Greek organizations have dealt with these exact issues across hundreds of chapters for decades, so they often have very specific guidance that's tailored to your situation.

Yeah this is important. My fraternity had to file a 990-EZ even though our income was under 50k because we were classified as a social club not a charitable org. Found out the hard way after doing the 990-N incorrectly for 2 years.

What's the deadline for filing an extension? And does filing an extension mean I can avoid penalties if I end up owing money?

The deadline for filing an extension is the same as the regular tax deadline - April 15th (April 18th for 2025 due to the weekend and holidays). Filing Form 4868 gives you until October 15th to submit your actual return. An extension gives you more time to file, but it does NOT give you more time to pay. If you'll owe taxes, you should estimate and pay that amount when you file the extension to avoid penalties and interest. If you're getting a refund, there's no penalty for filing after the deadline even without an extension (though you'd be delaying your refund).

Good for you! Let us know how it goes. I'd be curious to hear if they try to rush you through the review or if they actually take the time to explain everything properly.

I hadn't even thought about the state tax implications! Do you know if all states have these non-resident taxes on property sales, or does it vary by state? The property is in Missouri, and I live in Colorado if that helps.

It definitely varies by state. Missouri does have a requirement for non-resident withholding on real estate sales. They generally require 2% of the sale price to be withheld, but the exact requirements depend on your specific situation. You'll want to look into Form MO-2NR (Statement of Income Tax Paid) which the buyer may need to complete. However, if your sale qualifies for certain exemptions, you might avoid the withholding. Missouri has specific rules about when withholding is required for non-residents. After the year ends, you'll need to file a Missouri non-resident state tax return to report the gain and potentially get a refund of any excess withholding. The good news is that Colorado will generally give you a credit for taxes paid to Missouri to avoid double taxation.

A 1031 exchange wouldn't work well here. Those are for investment or business property, and inherited land that's being partially sold to family doesn't typically qualify. Plus, 1031 exchanges have strict timing requirements (45 days to identify replacement property, 180 days to close) and require a qualified intermediary to hold funds. Doesn't sound like what OP needs.