There are some exceptions to this though! Even if you take the standard deduction, you can still deduct things like student loan interest, IRA contributions, self-employment taxes, and health insurance premiums if you're self-employed. These are called "above-the-line" deductions and they work differently.

Absolutely right! Those "above-the-line" deductions reduce your Adjusted Gross Income (AGI) directly and you can claim them regardless of whether you take the Standard Deduction or itemize. This is why tax terminology is so confusing for beginners - there are "deductions" that aren't affected by the Standard Deduction vs. itemizing choice. Thanks for pointing that out!

Yeah but tax software can mess this up sometimes. I had a friend who had major medical expenses that would have pushed him over the threshold to itemize, but his software didn't properly explain this to him. Always worth double-checking if you have unusual expenses.

Do you have any experience with SprinTax? My international student office recommends either Glacier or SprinTax, but I'm also a tax resident now and need to file jointly with my spouse.

I haven't personally used SprinTax, but from what I've heard from colleagues, it's similar to Glacier in that it's primarily designed for nonresident aliens. While it might be slightly better at handling some resident situations, it still has limitations for joint filing and more complex tax situations that residents encounter. If you're officially a tax resident and filing jointly, you're generally better off using mainstream tax software that's designed for US citizens/residents. You'll have full access to all the tax benefits and forms that apply to residents.

Make sure you're entering the withholding in the Federal Payments section specifically as "Other Federal Withholding" rather than with your W-2 withholding. I made that mistake last year and had to file an amendment because FreeTaxUSA didn't apply the credit properly.

Both are definitely mortgages - we used them simultaneously to purchase the home (one conventional loan and one through the employer's first-time homebuyer assistance program). The employer loan doesn't show up anywhere on the W-2, it's a completely separate arrangement with its own 1098. I'm wondering if it's because the employer loan has a much lower interest rate (2.5% compared to 3.25% on the main mortgage), and that's somehow affecting the overall calculation? Could a lower rate on the second mortgage somehow reduce the total benefit?

That's interesting. Even with the lower rate, more interest should still be more deduction. The fact that it's an employer loan makes me think there might be some fringe benefit taxation going on behind the scenes. Check if the interest rate on the employer loan is below market rate. If it is (which 2.5% would likely qualify as), the IRS can consider the difference between your rate and the market rate as taxable income - essentially treating the below-market rate as a benefit from your employer. This "imputed income" might be what's reducing your refund when you add the second 1098.

This is a really good point. AMT can definitely cause this kind of counterintuitive result. The software should tell you if AMT is being applied though - there's usually an AMT worksheet or form that appears.

I used the IP PIN option last year when I had this same issue. You can request one through the IRS website, but it takes about 2-3 weeks to arrive by mail. Once you have it though, it bypasses the AGI verification completely. Worked perfect for me!

Thanks for the info! Did you have to verify your identity to get the IP PIN? I tried making an IRS account before and couldn't get past their verification steps.

Just tried logging into last year's TurboTax account and they do actually show the "IRS Accepted AGI" which is different from what's on my PDF by about $200! Apparently there was an adjustment made. Going to try filing again with this number - fingers crossed!

7 This is super important info - I had no idea! If you have existing Traditional IRA money, is there any way to still do a backdoor Roth without triggering this pro-rata rule? I've got about $30k in an old Traditional IRA.

19 Yes, there's a workaround! If your employer's 401(k) plan accepts rollovers from IRAs, you can roll your existing pre-tax IRA funds into your 401(k) before doing the backdoor Roth. Since 401(k)s don't count in the pro-rata calculation, this effectively zeroes out your pre-tax IRA balance. This only works if your 401(k) plan allows for incoming rollovers from IRAs, so you'll need to check with your plan administrator. If this is possible, you could roll the $30k into your 401(k), then do a clean backdoor Roth conversion without pro-rata tax consequences. Timing matters though - you'd need to complete the rollover to the 401(k) before December 31 of the tax year you're doing the conversion.

4 You can file amended returns (Form 1040-X) for the previous years where this mistake was made. You'll also need to include Form 8606 for each of those years to establish your non-deductible basis. The statute of limitations for amending returns and claiming refunds is generally 3 years from the original filing date, so your 2021-2023 returns should all still be eligible for amendment.