I've been following this thread and wanted to add some clarity from my experience as someone who's dealt with this exact situation multiple times. The confusion often comes from how partnership taxation works versus how IRA contribution eligibility is determined. Here's the key distinction: guaranteed payments to partners are reported on your K-1 (Box 4) and represent compensation for services you provided to the partnership. Even though these payments get combined with your share of partnership income/loss on Schedule E, they don't lose their character as "earned income" for IRA purposes. Think of it this way - if you work for a corporation and receive a W-2 salary, but the corporation loses money, your salary is still earned income for Roth contributions. Guaranteed payments work similarly - they're compensation for your services, separate from your ownership interest in the partnership's profits or losses. The IRS specifically addresses this in Publication 590-A under the definition of compensation. As long as your guaranteed payments were for services (not for use of capital), they count toward your Roth contribution limit regardless of whether the partnership had a net loss. So with your $26,500 in guaranteed payments, you should be able to contribute up to the annual Roth IRA limit, assuming you meet the income phase-out requirements.

This is such a common misconception that trips up so many partnership taxpayers! I went through this exact same situation a few years ago and initially thought I couldn't contribute to my Roth because my Schedule E showed a net loss. The key insight that finally clicked for me is that guaranteed payments maintain their character as compensation regardless of what happens with the rest of the partnership's operations. It's almost like having two separate tax events - you received compensation for services (the guaranteed payments), and separately, your ownership interest in the partnership experienced a loss. I'd strongly recommend double-checking with a tax professional who understands partnership taxation, because this is an area where many general practitioners get confused. The IRS publications are pretty clear on this, but it's easy to miss if you're just looking at the bottom-line numbers on your tax return. With $26,500 in guaranteed payments, you should definitely be able to make your Roth contribution (assuming you're under the income phase-out limits). Don't let a partnership loss cost you a whole year of retirement savings!

As someone who's been through the audit process, I want to emphasize what Natasha said about documentation. Even if you had a qualifying medical expense, the IRS will want extensive documentation during an audit - not just a doctor's note, but detailed records showing the medical necessity, treatment plan, and how the expense specifically addresses your diagnosed condition. For your Planet Fitness situation, even if you kept perfect records, the fundamental issue is that general gym memberships don't qualify regardless of medical recommendation. The IRS has consistently ruled that these are personal expenses for general health maintenance. One thing I learned the hard way: it's better to miss a legitimate deduction than to claim a questionable one. The stress and cost of dealing with an audit far outweigh the tax savings from a gym membership deduction. Focus on the clear-cut deductions for your freelance business instead - those are much more valuable and defensible.

This thread has been incredibly helpful! As someone who's also self-employed and was wondering about similar deductions, I really appreciate all the detailed explanations from the tax professionals here. I've been making the same mistake of thinking that anything health-related recommended by a doctor might be deductible. The distinction between "general health maintenance" vs "treatment of a specific condition with qualified medical personnel" that Natasha explained really cleared things up for me. It's also eye-opening to learn about the 7.5% AGI threshold - I had no idea medical deductions had such a high bar to clear before they even start helping. Between that and the standard deduction being so high, it sounds like most of us probably won't benefit from medical expense deductions anyway. Thanks everyone for sharing your experiences and expertise. This community is so much more helpful than trying to wade through confusing IRS publications on my own!

Just to add to what others have said - make sure you're keeping DETAILED records. I got audited on this exact issue with my consulting business. What saved me was having: 1) Course descriptions printed from the university website 2) A statement I wrote explaining how each course applied to my current business 3) Client invoices showing I was doing related work before starting the degree 4) The letter from the company saying this education was necessary The IRS agent told me most people fail these audits because they can't show the direct connection between the education and existing business. Don't just say "MBA helps my business" - be super specific about how accounting class X improves service Y that you were already providing.

This is a great question that many contractors struggle with! Based on my experience helping clients with similar situations, you're on the right track with the business expense deduction approach. Since your wife receives 1099-NEC income, she's considered self-employed, which actually gives you more flexibility than W2 employees have. The key is demonstrating that the MBA maintains or improves skills she's already using in her existing business activities. From what you've described, her current work already involves finance, accounting, operations, and HR - and the MBA coursework directly relates to these areas. This creates a strong case for the "maintains or improves existing skills" test. A few important points to consider: 1) Deduct these on Schedule C as ordinary business expenses, not as itemized deductions 2) The letter from the company will be helpful supporting documentation 3) Keep detailed course syllabi showing how each class relates to her current work 4) Document her existing business activities before starting the MBA One thing to be cautious about - make sure the MBA isn't positioning her for a completely different profession. Since she's already working in business consulting and the coursework enhances those existing skills, you should be fine. The business expense deduction will likely be more beneficial than education credits at your income level, as it reduces both income tax and self-employment tax on her Schedule C income.

As someone who's dealt with this exact situation before, I'd recommend trying the IRS's own Form 1040 online if you have a relatively straightforward return. While it's not as polished as commercial software, it does allow you to input your already-calculated numbers directly without having to redo all your work from scratch. The key advantage is that since you've already done all the math and have your PDFs as reference, you're essentially just transcribing the final numbers into their system. It's tedious but much faster than starting over with a full-service tax program. One tip: keep your PDFs open in separate browser tabs so you can easily copy the numbers over. The IRS system will validate your entries and catch any obvious errors, which gives you some peace of mind that everything transferred correctly. If your return is more complex (multiple schedules, business income, etc.), then the AI-powered solutions mentioned above might be worth the cost to avoid manual data entry.

I'm in a similar boat this year! I've been using FreeTaxUSA to create my forms but ran into the same roadblock when trying to eFile. After reading through all these suggestions, I think I'm going to try the taxr.ai route that @Luca Marino recommended. The idea of not having to re-enter all my data is really appealing, especially since I spent so much time getting everything perfect in my PDFs. One question though - for those who have used these AI-powered tax services, do they handle amended returns if something gets messed up during the conversion process? That's my biggest concern about letting software interpret my documents rather than doing direct data entry myself. @Sean Murphy - let us know which option you end up going with! I'd be curious to hear how it works out since we're in basically the same situation.

ur gonna need to setup state tax withholding with ur employer asap if u havent already

Also worth noting that Arkansas allows you to deduct your federal income tax paid from your state taxable income, which can help reduce what you owe. It's one of the few states that does this! Make sure your tax preparer knows about this deduction or look for it if you're filing yourself.