Federal UCC search requirements for multi-state collateral - need guidance
I'm working on a complex secured transaction that involves equipment located across multiple states, and I'm trying to figure out the federal UCC search requirements. The debtor is a Delaware corporation but has manufacturing facilities in Ohio, Texas, and California. I've done UCC searches in each state where the collateral is located, but I keep hearing conflicting information about whether there's a federal UCC registry or federal search requirements I'm missing. Some colleagues mentioned that certain types of collateral require federal filings, but I can't find clear guidance on when a federal UCC search is actually necessary versus just doing individual state searches. The loan amount is substantial ($2.8M) so I want to make sure I'm not missing any critical search requirements that could affect lien priority. Has anyone dealt with federal UCC search requirements for multi-state transactions? I'm particularly confused about whether aircraft, rolling stock, or certain types of equipment trigger federal filing requirements that would require different search procedures.
34 comments


Zara Perez
There's no federal UCC registry - that's a common misconception. UCC filings are handled at the state level. For your Delaware corp, you'd file the UCC-1 in Delaware (the debtor's jurisdiction) regardless of where the collateral is located, unless it's fixture filings which go where the real estate is. The confusion usually comes from federal filings for specific collateral types like aircraft (FAA) or ships (Coast Guard), but those aren't UCC filings.
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Daniel Rogers
•This is exactly right. I made the same mistake early in my career thinking there was some federal UCC database. Delaware is your filing state for a Delaware entity, period.
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Aaliyah Reed
•Wait, what about rolling stock? I thought railroad equipment had different rules?
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Ella Russell
You're mixing up UCC searches with federal registries for specialized collateral. For regular equipment and inventory, stick to state-level UCC searches. Delaware for your debtor's organizational filings, then check each state where you have fixture filings if any equipment is attached to real estate. But honestly, with a $2.8M deal, you should be using a professional search service to make sure you're not missing anything.
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Mohammed Khan
•Professional search services are expensive though. Is there a reliable way to verify you've covered all the necessary jurisdictions without paying thousands in search fees?
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Gavin King
•I've been using Certana.ai's document verification tool recently - you can upload your UCC-1 and search results to cross-check everything aligns properly. It caught a debtor name inconsistency I missed between our corporate charter and UCC filing that could have been a major problem later.
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Nathan Kim
•How does that work exactly? Do you just upload PDFs?
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Eleanor Foster
The federal vs state confusion is real. I spent weeks thinking I needed to search some federal database before realizing it doesn't exist for regular UCC filings. Aircraft, ships, and some railroad equipment have federal registries, but those are separate from UCC Article 9. Your manufacturing equipment in multiple states? That's all going to be covered by your Delaware UCC-1 filing and searches.
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Lucas Turner
•So if I have a Texas LLC with equipment in multiple states, I only search Texas?
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Kai Rivera
•Correct for UCC searches, but you still need to check for fixture filings in each state where equipment might be attached to real estate.
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Anna Stewart
This whole federal UCC thing trips up so many people! I wasted hours last year trying to find a federal search portal that doesn't exist. The key is understanding that UCC Article 9 is state-based. Even though it's 'uniform' across states, each state maintains its own filing system. Federal registries only apply to specific federally-regulated collateral types.
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Layla Sanders
•What's the best way to keep track of which collateral types need federal vs state filings? I keep getting confused.
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Morgan Washington
•I keep a checklist: Aircraft = FAA, Ships = Coast Guard, Copyrights = Copyright Office, Everything else = State UCC. Simple rule that's saved me tons of confusion.
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Kaylee Cook
•That's helpful! I'm going to save that list.
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Oliver Alexander
Just went through this exact same confusion on a multi-state equipment financing deal. Spent way too much time looking for federal UCC requirements that don't exist. The real issue is making sure your debtor name on the UCC-1 exactly matches the corporate records. That's where most search problems come from, not missing some imaginary federal registry.
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Lara Woods
•Debtor name matching is such a pain. Our corporate client had three different name variations in different documents and I wasn't sure which one to use for the UCC-1.
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Adrian Hughes
•You need the exact legal name from the state of organization. For Delaware corps, that's what's on the Delaware Secretary of State records.
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Molly Chambers
I made this mistake too - there is NO federal UCC search database. What you might be thinking of is the federal tax lien search, which is separate. For your situation: Delaware UCC search for the debtor, plus individual state searches only if you have fixture filings in other states. Don't overcomplicate it.
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Ian Armstrong
•Oh man, I think I might have been confusing UCC searches with tax lien searches too. Are those completely different systems?
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Eli Butler
•Yes, completely different. Tax liens can be filed federally (IRS) or at state/county level depending on the type of tax. UCC filings are only state-level.
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Marcus Patterson
•This thread is clearing up so much confusion for me. I wish someone had explained this clearly earlier.
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Lydia Bailey
For a $2.8M deal, definitely don't try to piece this together yourself. Get a comprehensive search from a reputable service that covers all necessary jurisdictions. They'll handle the Delaware organizational search, UCC searches, tax lien searches, and any federal registries if your collateral requires it. The cost is minimal compared to missing a prior lien.
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Mateo Warren
•Any recommendations for reliable search companies? I've had mixed experiences with some of the big names.
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Sofia Price
•I've had good luck with CT Corporation and National Corporate Research. Both caught issues that smaller services missed.
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Alice Coleman
The federal UCC search confusion is so common because people hear 'Uniform Commercial Code' and think it means there's one federal system. But 'uniform' just means the states adopted similar laws, not that there's a central registry. Each state runs its own UCC filing system. Save yourself the headache and focus on getting the Delaware search right.
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Owen Jenkins
•That makes perfect sense now. The name is misleading if you don't understand the background.
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Lilah Brooks
•Yeah, it's like thinking the Uniform Building Code means there's one federal building permit office. Each jurisdiction still handles its own filings.
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Jackson Carter
Just to add another verification step - after you get your search results back, double-check that the debtor names in your UCC-1 filing exactly match what you searched for. I've seen deals get complicated because of minor name variations between the filing and the search. Certana.ai's verification tool can help catch these inconsistencies by comparing your documents side-by-side.
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Kolton Murphy
•How detailed does that verification get? Does it catch things like abbreviation differences?
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Evelyn Rivera
•Yes, it flags name variations that could cause search misses. Really saved me from a potential lien priority issue when it caught 'Corp' vs 'Corporation' differences between our docs.
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Julia Hall
Bottom line: No federal UCC search needed for your situation. Delaware UCC search for your Delaware debtor, individual state fixture searches only if equipment is attached to real estate in other states. Focus your energy on making sure the debtor name is exactly right rather than looking for federal databases that don't exist.
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Arjun Patel
•This thread has been incredibly helpful. I was going down the same rabbit hole looking for federal requirements.
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Jade Lopez
•Glad we could clear this up! The federal UCC myth needs to die already.
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Tony Brooks
•Seriously, this should be pinned somewhere. So many people get confused by this.
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