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Samantha Howard

Social Security widow benefits question - Will my second widow benefit be reduced if I already took reduced benefits from first spouse?

I'm really confused about widow benefits when there are multiple marriages involved. Here's my situation: I started collecting widow benefits at 62 from my second husband who passed away last year. I know these are permanently reduced because I took them early. Now I just found out my first husband (we were married for 22 years) is terminally ill. If he passes away after I reach my full retirement age (66 and 10 months), would a widow benefit based on his record ALSO be reduced because I already took reduced widow benefits from my second husband? Or could I get the full widow amount based on my first husband's record since I'd be at FRA when applying? I'm so confused about how this works with multiple spouses and the permanent reduction. Has anyone dealt with this situation before?

This is actually a good question with a somewhat complex answer. The reduction for taking widow's benefits early only applies to the specific benefits you took early. Since you'd be applying for widow's benefits on your first husband AFTER reaching your full retirement age, those would NOT be reduced for age. The Social Security Administration treats each entitlement separately. What matters is your age when you apply for each specific benefit. Since you'll be at FRA when your first husband passes, you would be eligible for 100% of his benefit amount (assuming it's higher than what you're currently receiving from husband #2).

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Thank you so much! That's a huge relief - I was so worried I'd be stuck with reduced benefits forever. So to make sure I understand correctly, if my first husband's benefit amount is higher than what I'm getting now, I can switch to that full amount when he passes? No reduction penalty will carry over?

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Sarah Ali

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Not an expert but when my cousin was in a similar situation the SSA office told her she could only get the HIGHER of the two widow benefits, not both!! Just warning you now so you don't count on getting both payments. She was so upset when she found this out, had been planning her budget thinking she'd get two checks.

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You're absolutely right about only receiving one benefit - the higher of the two. Social Security will never pay both benefits simultaneously. They'll compare the benefit amounts and pay whichever is higher.

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Ryan Vasquez

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I just went through something similar with my mom. The way it worked for her is they looked at both deceased spouses' records and gave her the higher of the two. But you HAVE TO APPLY for the second one! They don't automatically check or switch you over!! Make sure you contact SSA as soon as your first husband passes.

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Thank you for sharing your mom's experience. I'll definitely make sure to apply right away. I'm guessing I'll need his death certificate and our marriage certificate?

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Avery Saint

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Just to add some clarification on the rules here: When you receive widow's benefits, the reduction factor is specific to each entitlement. Since you took widow's benefits on your second husband at 62, those are permanently reduced. However, if you apply for widow's benefits on your first husband after reaching your Full Retirement Age, there would be no reduction for age on that benefit. SSA will then pay you the higher of the two benefit amounts - not both combined. So if your first husband's benefit amount (at 100% since you'll be at FRA) is higher than what you're currently receiving from your second husband's record (reduced amount), you would receive the higher amount.

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Thank you for breaking this down. I was so worried that once I took reduced benefits, ALL future benefits would be reduced too. This makes much more sense!

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Taylor Chen

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Im in teh exact scenario right now!!! Been getting reduced widows from my 2nd husband for 3 years (took at 60) and just applied for widows from my 1st husband who i was married to for 25 yrs!!! They gave me the higher amount with NO REDUCTION since I'm 63 now. You'll be fine!!!

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Oh wow, that's so helpful to hear from someone going through the exact same thing! Did you have any trouble with the application process? Was there a lot of paperwork?

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Taylor Chen

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Sarah Ali

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Wait I thought there was some rule about not being able to change benefits once you start taking them??? My neighbor tried to switch from his own benefit to his deceased wife's and they said once he started his own he was stuck with it. Are widow benefits different from regular SS benefits?????

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Avery Saint

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Yes, widow benefits follow different rules than retirement benefits. For retirement benefits, once you claim your own, you generally can't switch to a higher spousal benefit later. But for widow/widower benefits, you can switch between different deceased spouses' records at any time if one would give you a higher benefit. You can even switch between your own retirement benefit and a widow benefit depending on which is higher and when you claim each one. The rules for widow benefits have more flexibility.

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Ezra Bates

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Just to add my two cents - make SURE you keep copies of ALL your paperwork. The SSA lost my mom's death certificate TWICE when my dad was applying for survivor benefits. And keep a record of who you talk to and when. The system is a nightmare sometimes.

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That's really good advice. I'll definitely keep copies of everything. I've already started a folder with our marriage certificate and other documents I might need.

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Ryan Vasquez

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Also remember they'll probably ask for proof of the marriage ending (divorce decree for first marriage) and proof of subsequent marriage (marriage certificate for second husband). My sister got caught in a loop where they kept asking for more documents.

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Something nobody has mentioned yet - when your first husband does pass away (which I'm sorry to hear about), make sure you check if there are any children who might be eligible for benefits on his record too. My neighbor didn't realize her adult disabled son qualified for benefits on her deceased husband's record for almost a year after he died. There might be other family members eligible besides just you.

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Thank you for mentioning that. We do have a daughter together who has a disability, but she's 42 now. I'm not sure if she would qualify at this age?

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Avery Saint

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If your daughter's disability began before age 22 and she meets the medical requirements for adult disability, she could potentially qualify for Disabled Adult Child benefits on either parent's record. This is definitely something to look into.

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