Social Security survivor benefits while working - FRA confusion and earnings limit questions
I'm trying to make sense of survivor benefits and the earnings limit as I approach my FRA. My full retirement age is in 2025 - specifically December 2025. I understand there's an earnings limit but I'm confused about how it works in my specific situation. Here's my situation: I'm still working full-time with a salary around $80,000 and I get health insurance through my employer. My husband passed away last year and I'm considering applying for survivor benefits soon. I have a few questions I hope someone can clarify: 1. If I apply for survivor benefits before reaching my FRA (December 2025), will the benefit amount be reduced from what my husband was receiving? Or would I get his full amount? 2. Since I'm earning about $80,000, which exceeds the earnings limit by roughly $20,000, how does the penalty work? Is it really $1 for every $3 over the limit, meaning I'd lose around $6,700 in benefits? 3. Would it make more financial sense to just wait until I reach my FRA in December 2025 to apply? I already started the process - called SSA yesterday and I'm dropping off my marriage certificate at the local office today. They scheduled my phone interview for late February. Just want to make sure I'm making the right decision before finalizing everything. Thanks for any guidance!
14 comments
Charlotte Jones
I can help clarify some of this for you based on my experience with survivor benefits and work penalties. First, your FRA year is indeed 2025, but your actual FRA is December 2025. These are different concepts with different rules: 1. If you apply for survivor benefits before your FRA (December 2025), they WILL be reduced. The reduction is a percentage based on how many months before FRA you apply. This reduction is permanent. 2. The earnings test works differently in the year you reach FRA versus before your FRA year. In the year you reach FRA (2025), you can earn up to $62,160 (using 2023 numbers adjusted for COLA) without penalty, and the penalty is $1 for every $3 over that amount. In years BEFORE your FRA year, the limit is much lower (about $21,240) with a penalty of $1 for every $2. 3. With your $80,000 income, you would be about $17,840 over the limit in your FRA year, meaning approximately a $5,947 reduction in benefits that year. In my opinion, with your income level, it might make more financial sense to wait until your actual FRA in December 2025 when there's no earnings limit at all.
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Logan Greenburg
•Thank you so much for the detailed explanation! This is exactly what I needed to understand. So to confirm - if I apply now (before my FRA year), I'd be subject to the stricter limit of about $21,240 and lose $1 for every $2 over that amount? That would be a much bigger reduction than I thought! Just to make sure I'm clear - once I reach my actual FRA in December 2025, there's no earnings limit at all? So if I just wait 10 more months, I could collect the full survivor benefit without any penalty regardless of my income?
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Lucas Bey
when i was in your situation i waited until FRA and im SO GLAD i did! the reductions are PERMANENT if u take early and with your income the penalties would eat up a lot of the benefit anyway. not worth the hassle IMO
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Harper Thompson
•This is partially correct, but I want to clarify something important: the earnings test withholding is NOT permanent like the early claiming reduction is. Once you reach FRA, SSA recalculates your benefit to credit back months when benefits were fully withheld due to earnings. People often confuse the early claiming reduction (which is permanent) with the earnings test withholding (which can result in adjustments later). That said, with your income level, waiting might still be the better option.
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Caleb Stark
I'm going through almost the EXACT same situation right now and it's been a nightmare trying to get straight answers from SSA! I've called 14 times in the past month and either get disconnected or told different things by different agents. My husband passed in November and I'm trying to figure out if I should take survivor benefits now or wait. The whole earnings test thing is so confusing - one agent told me there's a monthly test in the first year which is different from the annual test? Has anyone heard of this??
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Jade O'Malley
•I've been dealing with Social Security for years and the phone situation is beyond frustrating. After wasting weeks trying to get through, I found this service called Claimyr (claimyr.com) that got me connected to an actual SSA agent in under 20 minutes instead of waiting on hold for hours. They have a video showing how it works at https://youtu.be/Z-BRbJw3puU - it seriously saved my sanity during my survivor benefits application process. Regarding your question about the monthly test, yes that's correct - in the first year you claim benefits, SSA applies a monthly earnings test rather than annual, which can actually be advantageous in some situations.
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Hunter Edmunds
my wife took her survivors benefit early and regrets it. they reduced it by like 30% FOREVER just for taking it 2 years early. the math just doesnt work out unless you really need the money now or have health problems. also make sure you understand youll need to file annual earnings reports with SSA as long as youre working under FRA, big hassle
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Logan Greenburg
•That's really helpful perspective, thank you. I'm leaning toward waiting now. Health insurance is another factor for me - I need to keep my job for the benefits anyway, so I might as well just wait the 10 months until FRA. Does anyone know if the survivor application process is easier if you're already at FRA? Like, would I need fewer documents or is the process the same regardless?
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Harper Thompson
Something important no one has mentioned: you need to compare your own retirement benefit to the survivor benefit. At FRA, you're entitled to 100% of your husband's benefit OR your own retirement benefit, whichever is higher. But you can't receive both simultaneously. Some strategies to consider: 1. Take reduced survivor benefits now, then switch to your own (possibly higher) retirement benefit at age 70 if your work record would provide a higher amount 2. Take your own reduced retirement benefit now, then switch to survivor benefits at your FRA 3. Wait until FRA and take whichever benefit is higher The optimal strategy depends on your own work history and benefit amount compared to your husband's. This is where a careful analysis of your Social Security statement becomes crucial.
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Logan Greenburg
•Wow, I hadn't even considered that aspect! My own benefit at FRA would be around $2,300 monthly and my husband's benefit was about $2,850 when he passed. So it sounds like survivor benefits would be higher, but I'll definitely check my most recent SS statement to confirm. Is there a calculator on the SSA website where I can compare different scenarios?
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Ella Lewis
my condolences on ur loss. i was in similar boat last yr. the paperwork is crazy!! bring EVERYTHING to ur interview - marriage cert, death cert, ur ID, birth cert, tax returns, even divorce papers from previous marriages if applicable. they rejected my first application cuz i didnt have my ex-husband's death certificate even tho we'd been divorced 20 yrs! make copies of everything b4 u go
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Charlotte Jones
•This is excellent advice. I'll add that if you're applying for survivor benefits, also bring your most recent W-2 or self-employment tax documentation, as they'll need this to calculate the earnings test impact. For the original poster: based on what you've shared, waiting until your FRA in December 2025 would likely be most advantageous from a purely financial perspective, especially since you're maintaining employer health insurance and have a relatively high income that would trigger substantial benefit withholding under the earnings test.
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Caleb Stark
Is anyone else FURIOUS about how complicated they make this whole system?? I worked as an accountant for 30 years and even I struggle to understand all the rules. My sister-in-law got completely different survivor benefits than expected because no one explained the Government Pension Offset to her. The whole system needs to be simplified!
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Hunter Edmunds
•tell me about it! i got hit with the windfall elimination provision because i had a state pension from teaching. reduced my ss by almost 40% and NOBODY warned me about it beforehand. its not right that they dont make these rules clearer
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