Managing SS benefits with FRA timing and manufacturer drug assistance programs - can we get retroactive payments in 2025?
My wife and I are in a delicate financial position due to her ongoing breast cancer treatments. We've deliberately kept our income below the eligibility threshold for a pharmaceutical assistance program that provides her medication for free (which would otherwise cost over $4,300 monthly). We both stopped working in 2018, but we've delayed taking Social Security to keep our income down. My husband reached his Full Retirement Age in July 2024, but we want to strategically start his SS benefits in January 2025 for tax planning purposes. I'm confused about whether he can receive any retroactive benefits in 2025 for months after his FRA in 2024, without those payments counting as 2024 income. I've been researching the SS.gov website but getting conflicting information. Does anyone know if retroactive benefits are taxed based on when you receive them or when they were technically earned? We need to carefully navigate this to maintain eligibility for the medication assistance program through the end of 2024.
18 comments


Gemma Andrews
Yes, your husband can request up to 6 months of retroactive benefits from his FRA, but there's an important distinction about when those payments are taxable. Retroactive SS benefits are considered income in the year you RECEIVE them, not when they were for. So if he applies in January 2025 and requests retroactive benefits going back to his FRA in July 2024, all those payments would count as 2025 income for tax purposes. If maintaining your 2024 income below that threshold is crucial for the medication assistance program, then waiting to apply until January 2025 is the right move. He can then request the retroactive benefits going back to his FRA without affecting your 2024 income situation.
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Lena Schultz
•Thank you so much for clarifying! That's exactly what I needed to know. So to be absolutely clear - if he applies in January 2025 and requests retroactive benefits to July 2024, ALL of those payments (including the ones for July-December 2024) would count toward our 2025 taxes, not 2024? That would be perfect for our situation with the medication program.
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Pedro Sawyer
I dealt with this EXACT situation last year with my wife's MS medications. The pharmaceutical assistance programs are lifesavers but those income limits are brutal! What worked for us was applying for her SS in January after reaching FRA in August the previous year. She got 5 months of retroactive benefits and it all counted for the year we received it. But here's a tip - call SSA directly to confirm this for your specific situation. It took me forever to get through to them. I finally used a service called Claimyr (claimyr.com) that got me connected to an agent in about 15 minutes instead of waiting on hold for hours. They have a video showing how it works: https://youtu.be/Z-BRbJw3puU The agent confirmed everything about the retroactive payment timing and taxation, and it was worth talking to someone to get that peace of mind when dealing with something as important as cancer meds.
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Mae Bennett
•I've tried calling SS like 5 times this month and always hang up after being on hold over an hour!! Is that Claimyr thing actually work? Hate paying for something that should be free but also hate wasting hours of my life on hold.
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Pedro Sawyer
•It worked for me when I was desperate to confirm these retroactive benefit details. Definitely better than the 2+ hour wait times I was experiencing. For something as critical as maintaining eligibility for expensive medication assistance, it was worth it to get definitive answers from an actual SSA agent.
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Beatrice Marshall
we ran into this with my husbands parkinsons meds. the income limits are so strict!! but the retroactive benefits DO count for the year you get them not the months they cover. Also remember that only a portion of SS is taxable depending on your total income, not the whole amount.
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Melina Haruko
•That's an excellent point about only a portion of Social Security being taxable. Depending on your combined income (adjusted gross income + nontaxable interest + half of Social Security benefits), either 0%, up to 50%, or up to 85% of the benefits may be taxable. For most pharmaceutical assistance programs, they look at adjusted gross income (AGI) before the Social Security taxation formula is applied, but it's always good to check your specific program's requirements.
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Dallas Villalobos
The SSA website is TERRIBLE on explaining this stuff!! My dad was in a similar situation and thought the retroactive benefits would count for the year they were supposed to be paid, but nope! They count when you ACTUALLY receive them. So if your husband applies in January 2025, all that money counts for 2025 taxes even if some is technically for 2024 months.
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Reina Salazar
I'm wondering if you guys have looked into other options for the medication? I had to navigate this with my Rheumatoid Arthritis meds when I retired. Sometimes manufacturers have different programs with different income requirements. Or maybe there are alternatives that might work? Just thinking you might not have to jump through so many hoops with the Social Security timing if there were other medication options.
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Lena Schultz
•We've explored all options pretty thoroughly. The particular medication my wife needs is a newer targeted therapy for her specific type of cancer, and the manufacturer assistance program is really our best option. The next best alternative medication would be about 30% less effective according to her oncologist, so we're trying to make this work. It's definitely worth all the SS planning headaches if we can keep her on the optimal treatment.
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Reina Salazar
•That makes total sense! Just wanted to make sure you'd explored those avenues. Healthcare in this country forces us into these impossible financial decisions. Wishing you both the best with her treatment and navigating the SS system!
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Melina Haruko
Let me explain the retroactive benefits process in detail, as there seems to be some confusion: 1. Your husband can request up to 6 months of retroactive benefits, but only for months after he reached FRA (so back to July 2024) 2. For tax purposes, Social Security benefits are counted in the year they are received, not the months they cover 3. The application process: He should apply in January 2025 and specifically request retroactive benefits back to his FRA. You can do this online or by phone. 4. Important timing note: I would recommend applying in early January rather than waiting until later in the month. SSA typically takes about 3-4 weeks to process applications, and you want to make sure they don't inadvertently pay out in December 2024. 5. For pharmaceutical assistance programs, request detailed information about how they calculate income and what documentation they require. Some use tax returns, others use monthly income verification.
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Pedro Sawyer
•Great breakdown! I'd add that when he applies, he should specifically mention on the application that he wants payments to BEGIN in January 2025 with retroactive benefits. If you don't specify this, they sometimes process it for immediate payment which could mess up your 2024 income limits.
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Mae Bennett
Anybody else think its messed up that people have to jump through all these hoops just to afford medication?? My sister is going through the same mess with her MS meds. This is why I'm terrified of retiring even though my back is killing me from 40 years of construction work...
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Beatrice Marshall
•its totally messed up!! we spend more time figuring out how to afford meds than actually enjoying retirement. my neighbor went back to work at 72 just to afford his heart medication. the whole system is broken.
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Lena Schultz
•I completely agree. We worked hard our whole lives, paid into the system, and now have to perform financial gymnastics just to afford life-saving medication. It shouldn't be this complicated.
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Gemma Andrews
I wanted to add one more important point: When your husband applies in January 2025, make absolutely sure that on the application he specifies January 2025 as his "benefit start date" even though he's requesting retroactive benefits. This prevents any confusion in the processing center. Also, keep documentation of everything - when you applied, what you requested, etc. If the pharmaceutical program requires income verification during the year, you may need to explain your strategy to them as well.
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Lena Schultz
•That's an excellent tip about specifically requesting January 2025 as the benefit start date. I'll make sure we document everything carefully. Thank you for all your helpful advice!
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