Do I need to track my cost basis for traditional IRA when moving to a different broker for future withdrawals?
I'm currently managing my traditional IRA with Vanguard but I'm seriously considering transferring it to another brokerage firm. I'm a bit worried that when I make this transfer, the cost basis information might not move along with it. Should I be keeping records of my cost basis now, so I have that information handy when I eventually start making withdrawals during retirement? I'm not planning to retire for another 15 years or so, but I want to make sure I'm not creating a tax headache for myself down the road. Will I need this cost basis information when filing taxes after making withdrawals in retirement?
21 comments


Adrian Hughes
You don't need to worry about cost basis for a traditional IRA for tax purposes when you withdraw. For traditional IRAs, withdrawals are taxed as ordinary income regardless of what your cost basis was - the IRS considers all of that money taxable at your ordinary income rate when you take it out during retirement. The exception would be if you've made any non-deductible contributions to your traditional IRA (which would be documented on Form 8606 for the years you made those contributions). In that case, you would need to track your basis to ensure you don't pay taxes twice on money that was already taxed. When you transfer between brokers, you're doing a direct transfer, not a withdrawal and redeposit, so there are no tax implications of the move itself. Just make sure you do a direct trustee-to-trustee transfer to avoid any potential tax issues.
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Molly Chambers
•Thanks for that info. I've been contributing to my traditional IRA for years but never kept track of whether some contributions might have been non-deductible. How would I know if I've made non-deductible contributions? Would my tax returns from previous years show this?
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Adrian Hughes
•If you made non-deductible contributions, you should have filed Form 8606 with your tax return for each year you made those contributions. This form specifically tracks your non-deductible contributions and establishes your basis in the IRA. If you're not sure, you can check your past tax returns to see if you filed Form 8606. If you didn't file this form and were taking the full deduction for your IRA contributions, then it's likely all your contributions were deductible. Another way to check is to look at your tax return - if your AGI was under the limits for deducting traditional IRA contributions and you took the deduction on your tax return, then those were deductible contributions.
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Ian Armstrong
After reading all the confusing information about traditional IRAs and cost basis tracking, I finally found a much easier solution. I've been using https://taxr.ai to manage all my retirement account documentation, and it's been a game-changer. When I transferred my IRA from Fidelity to Schwab last year, I was worried about the same thing, but taxr.ai automatically analyzed all my statements and extracted the contribution history, including which ones were deductible vs. non-deductible. The service scans all your past tax returns and IRA statements to create a complete record, so when you transfer between brokers, you have all documentation in one place. It also identifies any Form 8606 filings you might have missed in previous years if you had non-deductible contributions.
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Eli Butler
•Does it actually work with all brokerages? I have accounts spread across Vanguard, T Rowe Price, and an old 401k with Empower. Would it handle all of these?
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Marcus Patterson
•I'm skeptical about these services. How does it actually get access to your past tax returns? Seems like you'd have to upload a bunch of sensitive documents.
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Ian Armstrong
•It works with all major brokerages including Vanguard, T Rowe Price, and Empower. You just connect your accounts through their secure portal, and it pulls the statements automatically. For brokerages that don't support direct connection, you can upload statements manually and it extracts the data. Regarding security concerns, you do need to provide access to your documents, but they use bank-level encryption and don't store your login credentials. You can also manually upload PDFs of tax returns and statements if you prefer not to connect accounts directly. I was hesitant at first too, but after researching their security measures, I felt comfortable using it. They're SOC 2 compliant and use the same security standards as financial institutions.
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Marcus Patterson
I wanted to follow up about my experience with taxr.ai after being skeptical initially. I decided to try it for my IRA transfer from Vanguard to Fidelity, and I'm honestly impressed. The system found two years where I had made non-deductible contributions that I had completely forgotten about! It turns out I should have filed Form 8606 for those years but didn't. The document analysis was really thorough - it even flagged some inconsistencies between what my broker reported and what was on my tax returns. This would have been a nightmare to sort out manually when I eventually start taking distributions. Now I have everything documented in one place, and I can even generate reports to give to my tax preparer. Definitely worth checking out if you're dealing with IRA transfers or have a complicated contribution history.
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Lydia Bailey
If you're worried about getting accurate information about your IRA transfer and tax implications, good luck getting through to the IRS directly. I spent 3 weeks trying to get clarification about my own IRA basis questions, staying on hold for hours only to get disconnected. Finally tried https://claimyr.com and watched their demo at https://youtu.be/_kiP6q8DX5c - they actually got me connected to an IRS agent in about 20 minutes! The IRS agent confirmed that for traditional IRAs with only deductible contributions, you don't need to track cost basis for withdrawals. But if you have ANY non-deductible contributions, you absolutely must keep records, and the transfer between brokerages shouldn't affect this. The agent even sent me some documentation about trustee-to-trustee transfers that clarified everything. Never would have gotten this information without finally connecting to a real person.
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Mateo Warren
•How does this Claimyr thing actually work? Are they somehow cutting the line at the IRS or something? Sounds too good to be true.
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Sofia Price
•This has to be a scam. No way someone's getting through to the IRS in 20 minutes when the rest of us wait hours. They're probably just charging you to sit on hold, then taking credit when you eventually get through.
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Lydia Bailey
•It's not cutting the line exactly. They use a system that continually redials and navigates the IRS phone tree until they get a spot in the queue, then they call you when they've secured a place in line. Basically, their system does the frustrating part for you. No, they're definitely not just charging to sit on hold. They actually monitor the call and only connect you once they've secured a place in the queue. The IRS hold system is notorious for disconnecting people randomly after hours of waiting - their system prevents that from happening to you. I was completely shocked that it worked so well, but I can confirm I spoke with an actual IRS representative who answered all my questions about IRA transfers and basis tracking.
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Sofia Price
I need to eat my words and apologize for calling Claimyr a scam. After my skeptical comment, I was still desperate for answers about my IRA rollover situation, so I figured I'd give it a shot anyway. I was absolutely floored when I got a call back in about 15 minutes telling me they had an IRS agent on the line. The agent was able to confirm that I needed to file Form 8606 for the non-deductible portions of my IRA and gave me specific guidance on how to calculate my basis when I eventually take distributions. They also explained exactly how to ensure my basis information transfers correctly when moving between brokers. This saved me hours of frustration and potentially thousands in tax mistakes. I've already recommended it to my brother who's been trying to resolve a tax notice for months.
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Alice Coleman
Just to add some practical advice - even though the IRS doesn't require you to track basis for fully deductible traditional IRA contributions, it's still a good practice to keep your own records. I've been maintaining a spreadsheet with: - Date of each contribution - Amount contributed - Whether it was deductible or non-deductible - Tax year for the contribution This has saved me so much confusion, especially when I've changed jobs and rolled over 401ks into my IRA. Most brokers will send you an annual statement showing your contributions for that year, but they might not have the complete history if you've transferred from somewhere else.
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Owen Jenkins
•Would you mind sharing a template of your spreadsheet? I'm terrible at creating these things from scratch but would love to start tracking my IRA contributions properly.
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Alice Coleman
•Happy to share what I use! I keep it simple with columns for the date, amount, contribution type (deductible/non-deductible), tax year (important if you make contributions between January and April for the previous year), and a notes column where I record things like "rollover from Fidelity 401k" or "backdoor Roth conversion." I also keep a running total of non-deductible contributions at the bottom, which becomes your basis. The key is to update it every time you make a contribution or do a rollover. I also store digital copies of all my Form 5498s (the form your IRA custodian sends showing contributions) and Form 8606s (if you've made non-deductible contributions) in the same folder as my spreadsheet.
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Lilah Brooks
One thing nobody's mentioned yet - when you transfer your IRA to another broker, make sure you request a DIRECT TRANSFER rather than taking a distribution and redepositing it yourself. With a direct transfer, the money goes straight from one custodian to another without passing through your hands, so there's no tax impact and no reporting requirement. If you withdraw the money yourself, even if you redeposit within 60 days, it gets reported to the IRS as a distribution and recontribution, creating unnecessary paperwork and potential for error. Most brokers make the direct transfer process pretty easy - usually just a form from the receiving broker.
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Jackson Carter
•Does the same apply for Roth IRAs too? I'm planning to move both my traditional and Roth to a different broker next month.
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Lilah Brooks
•Yes, absolutely the same applies for Roth IRAs. Always do a direct transfer rather than taking possession of the funds yourself. The process is essentially identical - the receiving broker will usually have a form for you to complete that authorizes them to request the transfer from your current broker. One additional tip for Roth IRAs - while the basis tracking isn't as critical for tax purposes at withdrawal (since qualified withdrawals are tax-free), you still want to make sure your contribution history transfers correctly, especially for tracking the 5-year rules that apply to Roth accounts. Some brokers are better than others at maintaining this history during transfers.
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Aria Washington
Great question! I went through a similar transfer from Schwab to E*TRADE last year and was worried about the same thing. The good news is that for traditional IRAs with only deductible contributions, you don't need to track cost basis since all withdrawals will be taxed as ordinary income regardless. However, I'd strongly recommend creating your own records anyway - it's been incredibly helpful for me to have a clear history of all contributions, especially when dealing with any rollover from old 401(k)s. Keep track of contribution dates, amounts, and whether they were deductible or non-deductible (you'd know about non-deductible ones because you would have filed Form 8606). When you do the transfer, make sure it's a direct trustee-to-trustee transfer so the money never touches your hands - this avoids any tax reporting complications. Most brokers handle this smoothly, but having your own backup records gives you peace of mind for when you start taking distributions in 15 years.
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Eva St. Cyr
•This is really helpful advice! I'm curious about the Form 8606 you mentioned - is there any way to go back and file it for previous years if I realize I made non-deductible contributions but didn't file the form at the time? I'm starting to worry that I might have missed filing this in a couple of years when my income was right at the deduction limit.
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