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My experience with the IRS code 420 was that they were specifically looking at my home office deduction. They sent me a letter about 6 weeks after that code appeared on my transcript. In my case, I had claimed a pretty significant home office (about 25% of my home). I had to provide: - A floor plan with measurements - Photos of the space - Explanation of how the space was used exclusively for business - Utility bills and other expenses - Calendar showing business activities conducted in the space The good news is that I had everything documented and my deduction was ultimately approved. The whole process took about 3 months from the first letter to resolution.
Thanks for sharing your experience! Did you respond to everything by mail or did you have the option to upload documents electronically? I'm curious about how the process actually works.
They initially contacted me by mail with a request for the documentation, but I was able to create an account on their examination portal and upload all my documents electronically. It was actually pretty straightforward - I scanned everything, created a single PDF, and uploaded it with a cover letter explaining each item. They did have questions about two of my documents which required a follow-up phone call, but overall the process was less painful than I expected. Just make sure you respond within their deadlines and keep copies of absolutely everything you send them. The digital option definitely sped things up compared to mailing everything.
Just wanted to mention that the NIIT adjustment could definitely trigger an audit. The same thing happened to me - the IRS adjusted my NIIT down by about $600 in 2021, and I got audited the following year. In my case, they determined I had correctly calculated it originally and I ended up having to pay back the extra refund plus a small penalty. What software did you use to prepare your taxes? Some of the popular ones have had glitches with NIIT calculations that can cause discrepancies.
I had the exact opposite experience. IRS increased my NIIT by $1200 and when I got audited, they found they had made the mistake. Took forever to get resolved tho. Like 8 months of back and forth.
Don't forget to check if your mom qualified for any tax credits or deductions that could reduce what she owed. When my uncle passed, we discovered he qualified for medical expense deductions that significantly reduced his final tax bill. Look at things like property taxes paid, charitable contributions, and especially medical expenses from her final illness. Also, be aware that if she was due a refund, you'll need to file Form 1310 along with the return to claim the refund as her representative. This caught me by surprise when doing my uncle's taxes.
That's really helpful, thank you. She did have substantial medical bills in her final month. Would those count even if they were paid by her health insurance? Also, what's the threshold for medical expenses to be deductible?
Medical expenses are only deductible for the portion that exceeds 7.5% of her adjusted gross income. So if her AGI was $40,000, only medical expenses above $3,000 would be deductible. And you can only include the part she actually paid, not what insurance covered. However, there's a special rule for deceased taxpayers that lets you include medical expenses you paid on their behalf within one year of death, even if you paid them after she passed away. So if you personally covered any of her medical costs, those might qualify too. Just make sure to keep all receipts and documentation in case the IRS has questions.
When filing a deceased parent's return, make sure you check for any unclaimed property in your state too. My mom had a forgotten insurance policy that we only discovered when handling her estate. Most states have websites where you can search for unclaimed property. Also don't forget - if you sell her house or car after her passing, the tax implications are different than a regular sale. You'll likely benefit from something called "stepped-up basis" which means you only pay taxes on gains above the value at her date of death, not what she originally paid.
Absolutely right about the stepped-up basis. That was a huge benefit when we sold my father's home. The house had appreciated by about $175,000 since he bought it, but since we sold it for only about $15,000 more than its value on his date of death, we only paid capital gains on that small amount. Saved us thousands in taxes.
I think everyone's overcomplicating this. IRC 334(b)(1) is pretty clear - in a 332 liquidation, the basis of property received by the parent corporation is the same as it was in the hands of the distributing corporation. No choices, no elections, just a straightforward carryover basis rule. The parent might have choices about HOW to structure the transaction in the first place (like whether to qualify for 332 treatment), but once you're in 332 territory, the basis rules in 334(b) are fixed.
But what about Section 336(e)? Doesn't that election let you treat the liquidation differently for basis purposes? I thought that gave corporations some flexibility in how assets are valued during liquidation.
Good question about 336(e). That election is different - it applies to certain stock dispositions, not to the liquidation itself. A 336(e) election can apply when a corporation sells stock of a subsidiary, and it essentially treats the transaction as an asset sale rather than a stock sale. But in a straight 332 liquidation where the parent is receiving assets directly from its subsidiary, 334(b)(1) controls and mandates carryover basis. The flexibility you're thinking about might relate to planning opportunities before the liquidation, but not to the basis determination once you're in a qualifying 332 liquidation.
Speaking from experience, the original poster should be extremely careful about relying on forum advice for something this complex. I made that mistake with a similar corporate liquidation scenario last year. I recommend consulting a corporate tax specialist because these transactions have many moving parts beyond just the basic code provisions. Things like E&P, previously taxed income, loss disallowance rules, etc., can all affect the overall tax results even if the basic carryover basis rule is straightforward.
Totally agree. My company did a subsidiary liquidation last year and we got caught by the built-in loss limitations we didn't know about. Cost us a fortune. Would have been worth paying a specialist!
Has anyone else had their 1099-R coded as a "1" instead of "G" for a rollover? The investment company told me they are required to code it as "1" because the check was made out to me (even though it was "for benefit of" my new IRA). This seems wrong - now it looks like I took an early distribution!
Yes! This happened to me too. They coded mine as a "7" (I'm over 59.5) even though it was definitely a rollover. My tax guy said the important thing is to mark it as a rollover when entering it into tax software. He said the IRS reconciles this with the 5498 form your receiving institution files showing the money went into another IRA.
Thanks for confirming! That makes me feel better. I didn't realize the receiving institution files a Form 5498 that the IRS can match to my rollover. That makes sense that there would be a paper trail on both ends. I've been keeping all my documentation just in case, but it's good to know there's an additional safeguard in the system.
One thing nobody mentioned - if you're doing a rollover where they send you the check, make sure they DON'T withhold taxes! My company withheld 20% automatically and I had to come up with that extra money out of pocket to complete the full rollover amount within 60 days. Such a pain.
Oof, that's a really good point. I had the same issue with a 401k rollover (not an IRA). Had to scramble to find extra cash to make up the withheld amount. Then had to wait for the tax refund the following year to get that withheld money back.
Pedro Sawyer
Has anyone noticed they're getting interest paid on their super late refunds? I filed my 2020 return in early 2023 and got like an extra $200 in interest when my refund finally came through. The interest isn't taxable until the following year too, which is nice.
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Mae Bennett
ā¢Wait really? I didn't know the IRS pays interest! Do they just add it automatically or do you have to request it somehow? I'm still waiting on my 2021 refund too.
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Pedro Sawyer
ā¢They add it automatically! You don't have to do anything to request it. The interest starts accumulating from the original filing deadline for that tax year (so for 2021 returns, interest started accumulating from April 18, 2022). They'll keep adding interest until the day they issue your refund. Just be aware that the interest payment IS taxable income, but you'll report it on next year's return. They'll send you a Form 1099-INT in January 2026 for any interest paid during 2025. The current interest rate is pretty decent too - around 7% annually.
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Beatrice Marshall
Quick tip - if your return shows "still processing" that's actually better than "being processed." "Still processing" means your return is in the pipeline and moving along. "Being processed" can sometimes indicate it's been flagged for manual review. Also check your tax transcript online if you can access it - sometimes there are codes there that give more info than the refund tool.
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Rosie Harper
ā¢Thanks for this! I just created an account on the IRS website to check my transcript, but it says I need to wait for a verification code in the mail. Is that normal?
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Melina Haruko
ā¢Actually it's the opposite. "Being processed" is the normal status, while "still being processed" often indicates some sort of review or delay. The transcript is definitely the way to go for more info though!
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