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Should I be able to file form 990-N for our frat myself or hire someone?

I'm the treasurer of a small college fraternity and we only bring in about $16,500 annually in dues and fundraising. I've been tasked with handling our tax situation and I'm supposed to file a form 990-N (e-Postcard) since we're a tax-exempt organization with limited income. I'm trying to figure out if this is something I can reasonably do myself or if I need professional help. I've called around to a couple accounting firms for quotes - one place wanted $1,250 while another said about $650. That seems like a huge chunk of our annual budget! Then I checked some online filing services that claim they can help with 990-N filing for like $75-80? The price discrepancy is making me really suspicious. Has anyone here filed a 990-N for a small organization before? Is it actually complicated enough to justify those professional prices? I'd rather learn how to do this myself for future years since I'll be treasurer until I graduate, but I don't want to mess anything up for our chapter either. Thanks for any advice!

To directly answer your original question - $500-1000 is definitely on the high side for just filing a 990-N. That's the kind of price you might pay for a full 990 with financial statements and schedules, not the simplified e-Postcard. I'd suggest first checking if your national fraternity organization provides any tax filing assistance. Many larger Greek organizations offer support to their chapters for exactly this situation. They might have guides or even staff who can help you through the process. If you decide to go the DIY route (which is completely reasonable for a 990-N), make sure you keep all the confirmation emails/documents from your filing. You'll want proof that you've met your obligations in case questions ever come up.

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Thanks for mentioning the national org - I didn't think about that! I just checked our member portal and it looks like they actually do have some resources specifically for chapter treasurers. Apparently they even host a monthly zoom call where they answer tax questions from chapter officers. Do you know how soon after our fiscal year ends we need to file? Our fiscal year follows the academic year and ended May 31st.

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The 990-N is due by the 15th day of the 5th month after your fiscal year ends. So with your May 31st fiscal year end, you'd need to file by October 15th. That's good news about your national organization resources! Those monthly calls could be incredibly valuable, especially if you have any fraternity-specific questions that general tax advice wouldn't cover. Many national Greek organizations have dealt with these exact issues across hundreds of chapters for decades, so they often have very specific guidance that's tailored to your situation.

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Quick tip - make sure your fraternity is actually eligible for the 990-N! Some social fraternities operate under section 501(c)(7) as social clubs rather than 501(c)(3) charitable organizations, and the filing requirements can be different. Also check if your state has separate filing requirements beyond the federal 990-N. In some states, even small exempt organizations need to file additional forms or annual reports to maintain their status.

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Yeah this is important. My fraternity had to file a 990-EZ even though our income was under 50k because we were classified as a social club not a charitable org. Found out the hard way after doing the 990-N incorrectly for 2 years.

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Does 'c' mean 'checked' on tax forms? Need help understanding IRS markings

Hey everyone! I'm so confused about some markings on my tax documents. I recently received some paperwork from the IRS and there are these little 'c' marks next to several boxes. I'm trying to figure out if this means these items were "checked" or verified by them? Or does it mean something else entirely? This is my first time dealing with these kinds of markings and I'm not sure if I need to do anything about them. The documents are related to my 2022 filing that I'm updating for the 2025 tax season. Has anyone seen these marks before and knows what they actually indicate? Any help would be super appreciated!

Just to add another perspective - the 'c' markings sometimes appear on tax transcripts as well, not just on physical documents. They typically show up in the IRS internal systems as verification codes. If you order your tax transcript online through the IRS website, you might see these marks in the digital version too. If you're updating previous returns for 2025 filing season, make sure you're using Form 1040-X for amendments and reference your original tax year. Those 'c' marks won't affect your amendment process at all.

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Do we need to request transcripts before filing amendments? I assumed I just need my original return copy. Also, how far back can you amend returns? I might have similar issues with my 2021 taxes.

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You don't absolutely need transcripts before filing amendments, but they're extremely helpful to ensure you have the exact information the IRS has on file. Having your own copy of your return is good, but the transcript shows how the IRS actually processed it, which sometimes differs from what you submitted. For amended returns, you generally have 3 years from the original filing date or 2 years from when you paid the tax, whichever is later. So for 2021 taxes (typically filed in 2022), you should still be within the amendment window for the 2025 filing season. I'd recommend grabbing the transcript though - it makes the amendment process much smoother when you can see the IRS's internal codes and processing marks.

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I just wanted to share that my tax preparer always marks items with 'c' when she's checked them during preparation - it's a common notation system among tax professionals too, not just the IRS. Might be why you're seeing those marks. Is it possible the document is from your preparer and not directly from the IRS?

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That's a good point about tax preparers! My accountant uses checkmarks and little symbols all over my returns before submitting. I always thought it looked so messy but I guess that's their system.

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Thanks for bringing this up! I double-checked, and you're right - the documents are actually from my tax preparer's office, not directly from the IRS. They sent me copies of what they submitted. That makes so much more sense why there are these little marks all over them. I feel kinda silly now for worrying, but at least I understand what I'm looking at. Guess my preparer was just marking things they verified before submitting. Learning something new about taxes every day!

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Form 1099-R Code E: Is Returning Excess After-Tax 401k Contributions Taxable?

I recently got a Form 1099-R with distribution code E for excess after-tax contributions returned from my 401k. Super confused about the tax situation here! The way I understand it, these shouldn't be taxable since they're after-tax money I already paid taxes on. But I just got this IRS notice saying the entire $5,800 distribution is taxable income. Now I'm worried and confused. Looking at the 1099-R form, Box 1 shows $5,800 and Box 5 has the exact same amount ($5,800). All the other boxes are completely blank except Box 7 which has Code E. Does the IRS really expect me to pay taxes AGAIN on money that's already been taxed? This seems like double taxation to me. My 401k plan administrator told me this was just returning my own after-tax contributions that exceeded the annual limits, so why would it be taxable? Has anyone dealt with this situation before? I'm trying to figure out if I need to dispute this with the IRS or if I'm misunderstanding something about how these distributions work.

I had this exact situation last year. Here's what happened: my 401k administrator returned excess contributions with code E, and then the IRS computer system automatically flagged it as taxable because many code E distributions ARE partially taxable (if there were earnings on the excess contributions). The key is, like others mentioned, that your Box 1 and Box 5 are identical, proving these were 100% after-tax contributions with no earnings. Don't just pay the extra tax - this is worth fighting!

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Thanks for sharing your experience! Did you end up having to file an amended return, or were you able to get it resolved by just responding to the IRS notice?

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I didn't need to file an amended return. I just responded to the IRS notice with a detailed explanation and a copy of my 1099-R. I highlighted Box 1 and Box 5 showing the identical amounts and explained these were after-tax contributions being returned. The IRS accepted my explanation and canceled the proposed adjustment about 6 weeks later. They sent a letter confirming no additional tax was due. Just make sure to respond within the deadline given on the notice, and keep copies of everything you send them.

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Has anyone had success resolving this by calling the phone number on the IRS notice rather than writing? My dad has the same issue with his 401k distribution but he's not good with written explanations.

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I called about a similar issue last year. If you can actually reach someone (big if), they can be helpful. I got through after 3 attempts and about 90 minutes on hold. The agent was able to see that my 1099-R boxes matched and noted my account that no additional tax was due. Still got a confirmation letter about a month later.

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Missing 2022 W-2 from permanently closed company - what options do I have?

I worked at a small family restaurant until January 2022 and they completely went out of business by March. The owner was really sketchy with how he ran things - constantly messing with our pay calculations, never reporting cash properly, and basically running the place like his personal piggy bank. January 31st is coming up soon, which is when W-2s are supposed to be sent out. I've been texting with some former coworkers and nobody has received anything from this place. We're all pretty worried since we need these forms to file our taxes properly. The business phone is disconnected, the location is empty, and the owner has basically ghosted everyone. One of my old coworkers is planning to send him a direct message on January 31st, but honestly I don't think he'll bother responding. What are my options if I never receive my W-2? I really don't want to get in trouble with the IRS because this guy couldn't be bothered to handle basic tax requirements. Any advice would be greatly appreciated!

Don't forget about your state tax return too! You'll need to file a similar substitute form for your state taxes in most cases. Each state has their own version of the federal substitute W-2 form. Just google "[your state] substitute W-2" to find it.

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Good point about state taxes! I live in a state with no income tax so I totally forgot about this aspect.

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Make sure you also report this guy to your state's labor department! Even though the business is closed, he might still face penalties for wage theft and improper payroll practices. Those agencies can sometimes go after personal assets if the violations were bad enough. Might get some justice for all of you who worked there.

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My employer pays me in cash and claims he pays my taxes - is this legal?

I've been working part-time at this small business for almost 10 years now. My boss always pays me in cash - $18 per hour - and tells me he's handling all my tax payments. I only work two 5-hour shifts weekly (10 hours total), and I don't get any benefits like sick time or holiday pay. I've never questioned this arrangement because he's always been flexible with my schedule, letting me take time off for family stuff and even work another job during summer. But looking at my hours for 2024, something seems off. With my schedule, I should work about 104 days per year. This year, I took off 22 days and 7 hours. When I calculated my actual hours worked, it came to 403 hours total. However, my W-2 shows I was paid for 450 hours, with a total income of $8100. My take-home pay for the year was only $6750. When I brought this up with my manager (who's the owner's son), he had to ask his father about it. The owner admitted he "took a guess" on my hours instead of tracking them accurately. When I called him directly, he said he couldn't change it now and asked what I wanted from him - I was so shocked I didn't know what to say! Part of me thinks I should be paid for those 47 phantom hours he reported but I never worked. Also, this inflated income affects my household tax situation since my spouse and I file jointly, and I have other jobs where everything is properly documented. Am I overreacting by being upset about this? What should I be asking for? Has anyone dealt with something similar? Any advice would be appreciated!

Your boss is committing tax fraud, plain and simple. I worked as a bookkeeper for years and this is a classic case of an employer trying to manipulate payroll taxes. Here's what's likely happening: 1. He's probably not paying the full employer portion of your FICA taxes 2. By inflating your hours, he's making it look like he's paying you more, which could help him with business expense deductions 3. The lack of pay stubs is a huge red flag - it's his way of hiding the actual numbers Document everything now. Write down all the days you worked, hours, and cash payments received. Save any text messages or emails about your schedule or pay. Request your wage and income transcripts from the IRS for the past three years. This isn't just about the 47 hours - this could have been happening your entire employment. You might have been getting shortchanged for years.

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Thanks for the detailed explanation. This is getting me really worried now. If he's been doing this for the full 9 years I've worked there, could I be in trouble with the IRS too? I've always just reported what was on my W-2.

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You shouldn't face penalties if you've been reporting the income shown on your W-2s. The IRS generally recognizes that employees rely on these documents for their tax filing. The primary responsibility for accurate payroll reporting falls on the employer. However, now that you're aware of the issue, you should work with a tax professional to determine if amendments are needed for recent tax years. Most tax pros recommend focusing on the last three years, as that's typically how far back the IRS looks unless fraud is suspected. The good news is that if your reported income was higher than your actual income, you might be entitled to tax refunds for overpayment once the record is corrected.

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Another red flag - the $18/hr you mentioned means 450 hours should be $8,100 gross, not $6,753. Even with taxes taken out, something doesn't add up. Either your hourly rate isn't what you think it is, or there's even more funny business happening with your pay. If I were you, I'd start looking for another job ASAP while gathering evidence. This employer has been taking advantage of you for YEARS. Small business or not, family-owned or not, this is unacceptable and illegal.

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Wow, I didn't even catch that math error. You're right - the numbers are even more off than I realized. I thought I was just missing out on pay for those phantom 47 hours, but it sounds like there might be issues with my actual hourly rate calculation too.

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Exactly. Based on the numbers you provided, if your gross pay on your W-2 is $6,753 for 450 hours, that's only about $15/hour - not the $18 you mentioned. And if your take-home is $5,642, that's about 16.5% being withheld, which seems low for combined federal, state, and FICA taxes. I suspect your boss might be pocketing some of what should be your wages while also potentially underpaying the employer portion of taxes. This is unfortunately common in cash-heavy small businesses. Document everything moving forward - dates, times, amounts paid - and consider reporting this to your state's department of labor and the IRS whistleblower program.

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