FAFSA custody confusion - which parent when one refuses to participate?
I'm completely stressed about my daughter's FAFSA application. She's always lived with me (her mom) since her dad and I split when she was 3. I provide almost all her support (probably 90%), but her dad makes significantly more money than I do. The problem is he's totally against college and has told her it's a 'waste of time and money' and flat out said he won't participate in any financial aid process. We never had formal custody arrangements or anything in writing about college expenses. My question is: For the FAFSA, can my daughter just put me as the parent since I'm the one who's actually supporting her and willing to help? Or are we required to use her higher-earning dad's information even though he refuses to cooperate? I'm worried she'll get denied aid if we do it wrong.
22 comments


Chloe Taylor
This is a common situation with the FAFSA! For dependent students, the parent who should complete the FAFSA is determined by where the student lived most during the past 12 months. If your daughter lived with you more than 50% of the time, then YOU are the parent who should complete the FAFSA - regardless of who makes more money. The other parent's refusal to participate doesn't matter because they aren't required to be on the form at all if your daughter primarily lived with you.
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Omar Zaki
•Oh thank goodness! I was so worried we'd be stuck without any aid options. She's definitely lived with me full-time for years. So it doesn't matter at all that her father makes more money? That won't affect her aid calculation?
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Diego Flores
Im in a similar boat!!! my ex makes like 3x what i do but my son lives w me almost 100% of time. we put just my info on FAFSA and got pretty decent aid package. they only care about household where kid actually lives not who makes more $$$
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Anastasia Ivanova
•That's not entirely accurate. The FAFSA looks at the household where the student physically resided for the majority of the 12 months prior to filing, not who provides the most financial support. In cases of 50/50 physical custody, THEN they look at who provided more financial support.
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Omar Zaki
@profile3 So if she lived with me full-time, but her dad claims her on his taxes (which he does even though I don't think he should be allowed to), does that affect anything with the FAFSA?
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Chloe Taylor
•Nope! Who claims the student as a tax dependent does NOT affect which parent completes the FAFSA. It's entirely about physical residence. The tax situation is completely separate from the FAFSA determination.
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Sean Murphy
my daughters father said the same thing about college being pointless and refused to help with any paperwork. we still got her through school!!! you can do this mama!!!
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Omar Zaki
•Thank you for the encouragement! It's been so stressful. She's the first in my family to go to college and I feel like I'm learning everything from scratch.
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Anastasia Ivanova
For the 2024-2025 FAFSA, this has become even clearer with the new FAFSA Simplification Act. The student will list the parent they lived with most during the 12 months before filing. If equal time with both parents, then it's the parent who provided more financial support. If your daughter primarily lived with you, you are the contributor parent for FAFSA purposes. Also, make sure you understand that FAFSA now calculates a Student Aid Index (SAI) instead of the old EFC. This means even with your lower income, your daughter might not qualify for as much need-based aid as you're expecting, depending on your specific financial situation. Have her apply for lots of scholarships too!
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Omar Zaki
•Thanks for that information about the SAI. I've been reading about that change but still don't fully understand how it works compared to the old system. Will her chances of getting federal grants be better with just my income listed since I make less than $45,000 a year?
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StarStrider
Be careful here. If you were never LEGALLY designated as having primary custody (through court documents), this can get complicated. The other parent might be contacted during verification. You might want to prepare documentation showing your daughter lived with you most of the time - school records, medical records, etc. just in case your application gets flagged for verification.
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Omar Zaki
•We never went to court for custody at all. After we split, she just naturally stayed with me and he'd see her occasionally. Should I try to get something in writing now even though she's already 18?
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Zara Malik
When i did my fafsa they made me put my dads information even tho i hadnt lived with him in years!!!! the whole system is so messed up and i had to appeal with like a million documents. make sure you get proof of where she lived ready just in case
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Chloe Taylor
•That sounds like either a misunderstanding or possibly a situation where you were still legally dependent but trying to claim independence. For dependent students, it's very clear in the FAFSA rules that the determining factor is which parent the student lived with most during the past 12 months.
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Luca Marino
I had a nightmare getting through to anyone at Federal Student Aid when we had a similar situation with my stepdaughter's FAFSA last year. After weeks of trying, I found a service called Claimyr that got me connected to a FAFSA agent in under 20 minutes. They have a video showing how it works here: https://youtu.be/TbC8dZQWYNQ and their website is claimyr.com. The agent helped us document that my stepdaughter lived with us rather than her biological mom who wasn't participating in the process. Saved us so much hassle!
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Omar Zaki
•Thank you for the tip! I have a feeling we might need to talk to someone directly about our situation. Those wait times on the phone are terrible so I'll definitely check this out if we hit roadblocks.
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Diego Flores
honestly just put ur info down and don't overthink it. the fafsa people aren't gonna track down ur ex and force him to participate lol
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Anastasia Ivanova
•While I understand the sentiment, please don't encourage people to be careless with FAFSA information. Incorrect information can trigger verification, delay financial aid packages, and potentially even lead to penalties for misrepresentation. The good news is that in this case, the correct answer (using the mother's information) is also the most beneficial one.
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Chloe Taylor
To summarize for anyone with a similar situation: 1. For FAFSA purposes, the parent who should complete the form is determined by where the student lived most during the past 12 months 2. If the student lived more than 50% with one parent, that parent completes the FAFSA 3. The other parent's income is irrelevant if they don't live in the same household 4. Who claims the student on taxes doesn't affect which parent completes the FAFSA 5. Having documentation ready (school records, medical records showing address) is wise in case of verification 6. For the new 2024-2025 FAFSA, you'll be determining the "contributor" parent using these same residency rules
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Omar Zaki
•This is incredibly helpful, thank you! I just want to make sure we're doing everything right so my daughter has her best chance at affordable college. You've all really helped ease my anxiety about this process.
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Javier Morales
Just wanted to add one more reassuring point - I work at a college financial aid office and see this exact situation frequently. When a student has lived primarily with one parent for years (like your daughter has with you), it's actually one of the clearest FAFSA scenarios we deal with. You're absolutely doing the right thing by using your information as the contributor parent. One tip: when you complete the FAFSA, there's a section where you can provide additional context about your family's circumstances. Consider briefly noting that your daughter's other parent is not involved in her education or living situation. This can be helpful context if your application gets selected for verification. Also, make sure your daughter applies to schools that meet full demonstrated need if possible - with your income level, she could qualify for significant need-based aid at many institutions.
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Mia Rodriguez
•This is so reassuring to hear from someone who works in financial aid! I've been worried that we might be missing something important or that there would be complications down the road. It's good to know this situation comes up often and that we're on the right track. I'll definitely make note of that tip about adding context in the additional information section. Do you have any suggestions for how to word that briefly? I don't want to sound like I'm bad-mouthing her father, but I want to be clear about the situation.
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