How much does Washington ESD charge employers for unemployment benefits?
I'm starting a small business in Washington and trying to figure out all the costs involved. Does anyone know how much employers actually pay into the unemployment system? I keep seeing different numbers online and want to make sure I budget correctly for Washington ESD taxes. Is it a percentage of payroll or a flat fee per employee?
61 comments


Miguel Hernández
It's based on your payroll and your experience rating. New employers start around 2.7% but it can go higher or lower depending on how many former employees file claims against your account.
0 coins
KylieRose
•So if I have no employees file claims, my rate could go down over time?
0 coins
Miguel Hernández
•Exactly! Clean record = lower rates. But one bad separation can spike your costs for years.
0 coins
Sasha Ivanov
Washington ESD uses a tiered system. The rate depends on your industry classification and claim history. Manufacturing might pay different rates than retail. You'll get assigned a rate when you register as an employer.
0 coins
KylieRose
•I'm planning to open a restaurant. Any idea what industry rate that would fall under?
0 coins
Sasha Ivanov
•Food service typically has higher rates due to seasonal employment patterns. Probably looking at 3-4% to start.
0 coins
Liam Murphy
•Restaurants definitely pay more because of high turnover. My brother owns one and his rate is like 5.2% now.
0 coins
Amara Okafor
Just went through this process last year. You pay on the first $68,500 of each employee's wages. So if someone makes $80k, you only pay unemployment tax on $68,500 of it.
0 coins
KylieRose
•That wage base seems really high compared to other states I've looked at.
0 coins
Amara Okafor
•Yeah Washington has one of the highest wage bases in the country. It goes up every year too.
0 coins
CaptainAwesome
Been dealing with Washington ESD employer issues for months. If you're having trouble getting through to them about your account setup, I found this service called Claimyr that actually gets you connected to real agents. They have a demo video at https://youtu.be/7DieNd3C7zQ that shows how it works.
0 coins
KylieRose
•Is that legit? I've been trying to call Washington ESD for weeks about my employer registration.
0 coins
CaptainAwesome
•Yeah I was skeptical too but it actually worked. Check out claimyr.com - they handle the phone queue hassle for you.
0 coins
Yuki Tanaka
•How much does something like that cost though? Seems like it could add up if you need to call frequently.
0 coins
Esmeralda Gómez
the rate calculation is super confusing honestly. i think new employers get some default rate but then it changes based on your history with claims. my accountant handles all that stuff for me now
0 coins
KylieRose
•Yeah I'm probably going to need professional help with this. It's more complicated than I expected.
0 coins
Esmeralda Gómez
•definitely recommend getting help. the penalties for messing up payroll taxes are no joke
0 coins
Miguel Hernández
One thing to remember is that Washington also has paid family leave contributions that are separate from regular unemployment insurance. That's another percentage on top of the UI rate.
0 coins
KylieRose
•Wait, so there are multiple unemployment-related taxes I need to pay?
0 coins
Miguel Hernández
•Yes - regular UI, paid family medical leave, and industrial insurance if you have employees. It adds up quick.
0 coins
Sasha Ivanov
•The family leave program is relatively new but it's mandatory for most employers now. Around 0.6% split between employer and employee.
0 coins
Liam Murphy
My rate went from 2.7% to 6.8% after I had to lay off some people during covid. It's been brutal trying to get it back down. Washington ESD doesn't make it easy to appeal your rate either.
0 coins
KylieRose
•Wow that's a huge jump! How long does it take for rates to come back down?
0 coins
Liam Murphy
•Still waiting... it's been 3 years. They base it on a rolling average of claims so it takes time.
0 coins
CaptainAwesome
•That's exactly why I use Claimyr when I need to talk to Washington ESD about rate issues. So much easier than sitting on hold for hours.
0 coins
Klaus Schmidt
Just a heads up that if you're a sole proprietor or LLC member, you might be able to elect unemployment coverage for yourself too. Costs extra but could be worth it if business is unpredictable.
0 coins
KylieRose
•I hadn't even thought about covering myself! Is that common for small business owners?
0 coins
Klaus Schmidt
•Not super common but it's an option. Gig workers and freelancers can elect coverage too now.
0 coins
Yuki Tanaka
The whole system seems designed to confuse small business owners. Between federal and state unemployment taxes, workers comp, and everything else, it's overwhelming.
0 coins
KylieRose
•Tell me about it! I thought I was just paying one unemployment tax but apparently there are several different ones.
0 coins
Yuki Tanaka
•Yeah and Washington ESD doesn't exactly make their employer guides user-friendly either.
0 coins
Sasha Ivanov
For budgeting purposes, I'd plan on 3-4% of your first $68,500 per employee for unemployment insurance, plus the family leave contribution. Your actual rate will depend on your industry and claim experience over time.
0 coins
KylieRose
•That helps a lot for planning. Is there anywhere I can find the specific industry rates?
0 coins
Sasha Ivanov
•Washington ESD publishes rate schedules annually. Look for the 'employer tax rates' section on their website.
0 coins
Esmeralda Gómez
also don't forget you have to file quarterly reports even if you have zero employees. learned that the hard way when they hit me with penalties
0 coins
KylieRose
•Even with zero employees? That seems weird.
0 coins
Esmeralda Gómez
•yep, once you register as an employer you have to keep filing even if your payroll is zero. super annoying
0 coins
Amara Okafor
The good news is that if you run a tight ship and don't have people filing claims against you, your rate can get pretty low after a few years. I'm down to 1.8% now after 5 years with no claims.
0 coins
KylieRose
•That's encouraging! So it really does pay off to be a good employer.
0 coins
Amara Okafor
•Absolutely. Proper documentation during terminations is key. Don't give people reasons to file claims.
0 coins
CaptainAwesome
If you end up needing to dispute your rate assignment or have issues with Washington ESD's employer services, seriously consider using Claimyr. I wasted so much time on hold before I found them.
0 coins
KylieRose
•I'll keep that in mind. Hopefully I won't need it but good to know there are options.
0 coins
Liam Murphy
•Wish I'd known about services like that when I was dealing with my rate appeal. Would have saved me months of frustration.
0 coins
Aisha Patel
One more thing - make sure you understand the difference between state and federal unemployment taxes. FUTA is federal and much lower, but SUTA (state) is where the real cost is.
0 coins
KylieRose
•So I'm paying both federal and Washington state unemployment taxes?
0 coins
Aisha Patel
•Correct. Federal is 6% but you get credits for paying state taxes, so it's usually 0.6% effective rate. State is where the big costs are.
0 coins
Yuki Tanaka
The system really penalizes small businesses that can't afford HR departments to handle all this stuff properly. One mistake and your rates skyrocket.
0 coins
KylieRose
•Yeah I'm definitely going to need professional help with payroll. This is way more complex than I thought.
0 coins
Miguel Hernández
•Smart move. Payroll companies handle all the filings and rate management for you. Worth every penny.
0 coins
Klaus Schmidt
Don't forget that seasonal businesses have special considerations too. If your restaurant is seasonal, make sure Washington ESD knows so they can adjust your rate calculations appropriately.
0 coins
KylieRose
•Not seasonal but good to know for the future if I expand to different locations.
0 coins
Liam Murphy
Bottom line is budget at least 4% of your payroll for unemployment costs in Washington, maybe more if you're in a high-turnover industry. Better to overestimate than get surprised.
0 coins
KylieRose
•That's solid advice. I'd rather budget high and be pleasantly surprised than the other way around.
0 coins
Sasha Ivanov
•Agreed. And remember these rates can change, so review your budget annually when new rate schedules come out.
0 coins
Esmeralda Gómez
just make sure you keep good records of everything. washington esd audits can be brutal if your documentation is sloppy
0 coins
KylieRose
•What kind of records should I be keeping specifically?
0 coins
Esmeralda Gómez
•payroll records, timesheets, separation notices, anything related to employee status changes. keep it all organized
0 coins
CaptainAwesome
One last plug for Claimyr - if you do get audited or have rate disputes, being able to actually talk to Washington ESD agents instead of waiting on hold for hours is invaluable. The peace of mind alone is worth it.
0 coins
KylieRose
•Thanks for all the info everyone. This thread has been incredibly helpful for understanding what I'm getting into.
0 coins
Miguel Hernández
Good luck with your restaurant! The unemployment tax system is confusing at first but you'll get the hang of it. Just don't try to wing it - get professional help and keep detailed records.
0 coins
KylieRose
•Definitely planning to hire a payroll company now. You've all convinced me it's worth the investment.
0 coins