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Social Security earnings limit - does income count from January 1 or from when benefits start?

I'm planning to start my Social Security retirement benefits on April 1, 2025, but will continue working part-time the rest of the year. I know there's an annual earnings limit of $23,400 (for those under FRA) before they start reducing benefits, but I'm confused about WHEN they start counting my income. Does the SSA count my earnings from January 1, 2025 (even though I wasn't receiving benefits yet)? Or do they only start counting from April 1 when my benefits begin? Or is it from when I receive my first actual payment? I earned about $7,800 from January-March, and want to make sure I don't accidentally go over the limit for the rest of the year. This is really important for my budget planning! Thank you for any help!

Logan Chiang

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SSA counts ALL of your earnings for the entire calendar year, regardless of when you start benefits. So yes, your $7,800 from January-March will count toward the $23,400 annual limit even though you weren't receiving benefits then. The only exception is the year you reach Full Retirement Age - then they only count earnings in the months before your FRA month. But since you didn't mention being close to FRA, I'm assuming the regular rules apply to you.

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Abigail Spencer

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Thank you for the clear answer! That's what I was afraid of... so I only have about $15,600 left that I can earn for the rest of the year without affecting my benefits. Do you know if they reduce benefits $1 for every $2 over the limit right away, or do they wait until the end of the year to calculate everything?

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Isla Fischer

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my sister started ss last yr and they counted ALL her income from january even tho she didnt start bennefits til june. its super annoying but thats how they do it. u might wanna wait til january 2026 to start if ur already made 7800 this yr, just saying

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Abigail Spencer

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That's really helpful to know about your sister's experience. Unfortunately, I can't really wait until 2026 to start benefits - I need the income now. I'll just have to be careful with my work hours for the rest of the year.

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Miles Hammonds

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I think the previous responses might be confusing you. It's important to understand exactly how the earnings test works: 1. SSA counts earnings in the ENTIRE calendar year, regardless of when you start benefits 2. For your first year on benefits, they do provide a monthly earnings test OPTION (different from the special rule in the year you reach FRA) 3. Under this monthly option, you can receive full benefits for any month your earnings are under $1,950 (1/12 of the annual limit) AND you didn't perform substantial services in self-employment You might want to call SSA directly to discuss your particular situation and options, but be prepared to wait on hold for hours.

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Ruby Blake

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OMG when I tried calling SSA last month I was on hold for 3 HOURS and then got disconnected!!! Never again. So frustrating!!

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Micah Franklin

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I actually found a service called Claimyr that gets you through to SSA agents without the ridiculous wait time. It actually worked for me when I had questions about my survivor benefits calculation. You can check it out at claimyr.com - they have a video showing how it works here: https://youtu.be/Z-BRbJw3puU This would definitely be a case where talking directly to an SSA rep is worth it, since the earnings test rules can get complicated with the monthly vs. annual options.

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Abigail Spencer

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Thank you for sharing that resource! I'll definitely check it out - talking to an actual SSA representative would be really helpful right now. The monthly earnings test option sounds promising, and I need to make sure I understand all my options.

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Ella Harper

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Wait a minute guys I thought SS was 19,650?? where are you getting 23,400 from? did it change this year??

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Miles Hammonds

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Yes, the earnings limit is adjusted annually for inflation. For 2025, the limit is $23,400 for those under Full Retirement Age. It was $19,560 in 2023, then went up to $21,240 in 2024, and now $23,400 for 2025. These COLA increases happen every year.

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PrinceJoe

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I HAD THE EXACT SAME SITUATION LAST YEAR!!! The whole system is ridiculous. They take our money our whole lives then make us jump through hoops to get it back. I ended up having to pay back $3,760 because I went over the limit by $7,520. They didn't even TELL ME until after the year was over and by then it was TOO LATE to do anything about it!! Just be SUPER careful about tracking your income!

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Abigail Spencer

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Oh no, that sounds awful! I definitely don't want to end up with an overpayment situation. I'll be tracking my income very carefully each month.

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Logan Chiang

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To answer your follow-up question - SSA typically doesn't reduce your benefits immediately when you go over the earnings limit. What usually happens is: 1. When you apply for benefits, they ask about your expected earnings for the year 2. If you expect to exceed the limit, they may withhold some benefits preemptively 3. After the year ends, they receive your actual earnings from IRS 4. Then they make adjustments - either sending you additional benefits if they withheld too much, or creating an overpayment if they didn't withhold enough However, you should report to SSA if your earnings will be different than what you initially told them. This helps avoid surprises later.

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Abigail Spencer

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Thank you for the detailed explanation! That makes sense. When I initially apply, I'll make sure to tell them exactly what I've already earned and what I expect to earn for the rest of the year. I definitely want to avoid any overpayment situations.

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Ruby Blake

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sooo wait... does this mean they count ALL income or just wages? like what if i sell some stuff online or rent out a room in my house? does that count toward the 23,400? im so confused by all these rules!

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Miles Hammonds

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Great question. The earnings test only counts EARNED income - wages from a job or net earnings from self-employment. It does NOT count unearned income like investments, interest, pensions, rental income, or selling personal items. So renting a room wouldn't count, but if you started a business that would count as self-employment income.

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Isla Fischer

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i remember my uncle had to deal with this when he retired he told me its always better to just wait til FRA then u dont have to worry about any earninsg limit at all. but i get it if u need the money now, just be super careful cuz SS doesnt mess around with overpayments!!

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