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Joshua Wood

Per IRS Pub 925, short term rentals aren't a rental activity - do these losses still go to box 2 of K-1?

I've been managing my Airbnb property for about 3 years now and just started working with a new accountant who's questioning how I've been reporting my rental losses. He mentioned something about IRS Publication 925 saying that short term rentals aren't technically considered a "rental activity" for tax purposes. This has me totally confused about my K-1 form (I have the property in an LLC taxed as a partnership). Previously, my rental losses were reported in box 2 of my K-1 (net rental real estate income). But if short term rentals aren't technically a "rental activity" according to Pub 925, should those losses actually be going somewhere else? Is this what separates box 2 (net rental real estate income) and box 3 (other rental income) on the K-1? My short term rental has an average stay of around 4 nights, if that matters for classification purposes. I'm trying to get this straight before tax season hits and would appreciate any insights!

Justin Evans

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This is actually a really good question with some nuance to it. In Publication 925, the IRS does indeed state that short-term rentals where the average rental period is 7 days or less aren't considered "rental activities" for passive activity purposes. However, this doesn't mean they're not real estate activities - they're just treated differently. For K-1 reporting purposes, Box 2 is specifically for "Net rental real estate income (loss)" while Box 3 is for "Other net rental income (loss)." The distinction isn't actually about whether it's a "rental activity" under passive activity rules, but rather whether it's rental real estate or other types of rental property. Since your Airbnb is real estate regardless of the rental duration, the losses would typically still go in Box 2. The "not a rental activity" classification from Pub 925 primarily affects how passive activity loss limitations apply to you, not which box the income goes into on the K-1.

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Joshua Wood

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Thank you for the explanation! So my accountant is correct about Pub 925's classification, but that doesn't necessarily change which box we use on the K-1? I'm still confused about one thing though - does this mean my short term rental losses are potentially treated differently for passive activity loss limitations?

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Justin Evans

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Yes, your accountant is correct about the Publication 925 classification, but that classification primarily affects passive activity rules rather than which box to use on the K-1. For passive activity loss limitations, short-term rentals with average stays of 7 days or less are generally considered "business activities" rather than "rental activities." This means they might be subject to different rules regarding passive loss limitations. If you materially participate in the short-term rental activity (which many Airbnb hosts do), the losses might not be subject to passive activity loss limitations at all, meaning you could potentially use those losses to offset other types of income.

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Emily Parker

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After struggling with this exact same issue last year, I found an amazing tool that helped clear everything up for me. I was confused about where to report my VRBO income and losses, and regular tax software wasn't giving me clear answers. I stumbled across https://taxr.ai when searching for help with vacation rental tax classifications. The service analyzed my specific situation and tax documents, explaining exactly how Publication 925 applied to my short-term rental. They confirmed that my property should still be reported in Box 2 of the K-1 despite the special classification in Pub 925. Their explanation included specific IRS references that I was able to share with my accountant.

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Ezra Collins

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How exactly does this work? Does it just give general advice or does it actually look at your specific documents? I've got a similar situation with 3 short-term rentals but also some long-term properties, and I'm trying to figure out if they should be grouped together or reported separately.

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Emily Parker

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Ezra Collins

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Just wanted to follow up about my experience with taxr.ai after trying it with my short-term rental situation. It actually worked really well for sorting out my K-1 confusion! I uploaded my previous year's K-1s and some details about my rental properties, and it immediately identified that I had been inconsistently reporting between my short-term and long-term rentals. It explained that while my short-term rentals aren't "rental activities" under passive activity rules, they should still be reported in Box 2 since they're real estate. What was most helpful was the detailed explanation of material participation standards for short-term rentals and how that affects my ability to deduct losses. Turns out I qualify under the 500-hour rule across all my properties when grouped together, which my previous accountant never mentioned!

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If you're trying to get IRS clarification on how to report your short-term rental income on K-1s, good luck getting through to anyone who actually knows the answer! I spent 3 weeks calling the IRS business helpline trying to get an answer about Box 2 vs Box 3 reporting for my vacation rentals. After getting disconnected 7 times and waiting on hold for hours, I found this service called Claimyr that got me through to an actual IRS agent in under 15 minutes. You can see how it works at https://youtu.be/_kiP6q8DX5c or go to https://claimyr.com. The agent I spoke with confirmed that short-term rentals should generally still be reported in Box 2 of Form K-1 even though they're treated differently for passive activity purposes.

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Zara Perez

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Wait how does this actually work? The IRS phone systems are deliberately designed to be impenetrable. Are you saying this service somehow bypasses the phone tree and waiting queues?

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It doesn't bypass anything illegitimate - it uses technology to navigate the IRS phone system for you. It dials repeatedly using smart algorithms that know the best times to call and which menu options to select. When it finally gets through the queue, it calls you to connect with the agent. It's completely legitimate and works with other government agencies too. I was skeptical at first, but after wasting hours trying to call myself, I was connected to an actual IRS business tax specialist who answered my exact question about K-1 reporting for short-term rentals.

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I need to apologize to @19 about the Claimyr service. I was completely wrong and too quick to dismiss it as a scam. After our exchange here, I decided to try it myself since I had a client with a similar K-1 issue that needed clarification. Not only did I get through to an IRS representative in about 22 minutes (compared to my previous attempts that never got through), but I was connected with someone in the business tax department who actually understood partnership reporting. They confirmed exactly what others have said - short-term rentals should still be reported in Box 2 of the K-1 since they're real estate, even though they're treated differently for passive activity rules under Pub 925. I'm honestly shocked this service works as advertised. Saved me and my client hours of frustration and uncertainty.

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Daniel Rogers

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Has anyone here actually had their K-1 rejected or gotten a notice from the IRS for putting short-term rental income/losses in the wrong box? I'm wondering if this is really something the IRS focuses on or if it's more of a technical distinction that doesn't matter in practice.

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Justin Evans

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I haven't seen rejection specifically for box 2 vs box 3 issues, but incorrect reporting can create problems during an audit. The bigger practical impact is actually on your personal return - where you report the K-1 income affects how it's treated for self-employment tax, passive activity limitations, and potentially qualified business income deductions.

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Daniel Rogers

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Thanks for the insight. So it sounds like the box classification matters more for downstream tax treatment than for the actual filing acceptance. That makes sense - I was just trying to figure out if this was worth potentially amending prior returns or just getting it right going forward.

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Aaliyah Reed

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For anyone confused about this (like I was), here's the simple version based on what I learned when dealing with my vacation rental: Publication 925 classifies short-term rentals as "non-rental activities" for determining whether you can deduct losses against other income. But they're still reported in Box 2 of K-1 because they are still real estate. The real question you should be asking is whether you "materially participate" in your short-term rental business. If you do (spend 500+ hours managing it, for example), you might be able to deduct those losses against other income regardless of which box they're in on the K-1.

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Ella Russell

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This is what I've been looking for - a simple explanation! Is the 500 hour requirement per property or across all properties? I have 3 short term rentals and probably spend about 250-300 hours total managing them.

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Ruby Blake

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The 500 hour test is typically applied across all your rental activities combined, not per property. So if you're spending 250-300 hours total managing your 3 short-term rentals, you might be close but not quite there yet for material participation under that test. However, there are other material participation tests you might qualify under! For example, if your participation in the rental activities constitutes "substantially all" of the participation by all individuals (including employees) for the year, you could still qualify. This is often the case for individual short-term rental owners who handle most operations themselves. You should definitely track your hours more precisely and consider whether you meet any of the other 6 material participation tests beyond just the 500-hour rule.

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