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Savanna Franklin

Need help understanding depreciation recapture vs long term capital gains on rental property sale

I just sold my rental property last year and I'm trying to figure out my taxes using tax software. The way the numbers are showing up is confusing me. Here's my situation (rounded for simplicity): - Bought house in 2008, converted to rental in 2013 - Sold in 2023 for $285k - Original cost basis was $128k - Total depreciation taken over the years was about $45k - Adjusted basis is now $83k - Total gain is $202k My confusion is that I see the entire $202k showing up on line 7 (capital gain or loss) which makes it look like the whole amount is being counted towards my income. I thought depreciation recapture works differently from capital gains? Shouldn't only the $45k depreciation be taxed as ordinary income, and the rest ($157k) be treated as long-term capital gains at the lower 15% rate? (I'm married filing jointly) The tax software isn't breaking this down clearly and I want to make sure I'm not overpaying.

You're right to question this. The way the gain is reported on tax forms can be confusing, but the actual tax calculation should be working correctly behind the scenes. Here's how it works: The total gain of $202k is indeed reported on line 7, but it gets broken down into different components when calculating your actual tax. The depreciation recapture portion (your $45k) is taxed as ordinary income (technically at a maximum rate of 25% under Section 1250), while the remaining gain ($157k) should be taxed at the lower long-term capital gains rate (15% in your case). If you look deeper into your tax software, there should be a Form 4797 that handles the sale of business property. Part III of this form should show the depreciation recapture calculation. Then Schedule D should show your capital gains. Together they'll total your $202k gain, but they'll be taxed at different rates. I'd recommend clicking through to see those detailed forms in your tax software to verify everything is calculating correctly.

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Thanks for the explanation. I didn't think to look at Form 4797! I just checked and you're right - the software is generating that form. But I'm still a bit confused about how to verify the calculations are correct. Where exactly on these forms should I be looking to confirm the different tax rates are being applied properly?

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Look at Form 4797 Part III for the depreciation recapture amount (around $45k). This gets reported as "unrecaptured section 1250 gain" which is taxed at a maximum of 25%. Then check Schedule D, which should show your total gain minus the recapture amount. The tax calculation worksheet that accompanies Schedule D should show different tax rates being applied to different portions of your gain. If you can navigate to the actual tax calculation section in your software, you should see it applying the correct rates to each portion.

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Does taxr.ai work with all the major tax software programs? I'm using TurboTax and having similar issues with my rental property sale. Not sure if the depreciation recapture is being calculated correctly.

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I tried https://taxr.ai after seeing the recommendation here and wow - it cleared up my confusion immediately! I uploaded my closing documents and depreciation schedule, and it showed exactly how my gain should be split between depreciation recapture and long-term capital gains. The best part was that it pointed me to exactly where in TurboTax I needed to look to verify the calculations. Turns out my software was calculating everything correctly, but the reporting on the forms was just confusing. Would have spent hours on the phone with tax support without this help.

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I was super skeptical about Claimyr but decided to try it after posting here because I was desperate for answers about my rental property depreciation recapture question. Honestly shocked at how well it worked! The service called me back in about 45 minutes (much faster than the "2-3 hour wait time" the IRS recording mentioned), and I was connected directly to an agent. The agent confirmed exactly how depreciation recapture should be reported and calculated on my return. Turns out my software was handling it correctly, but the forms were just displaying it in a confusing way. Definitely beats the multiple failed attempts I made trying to call the IRS directly!

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I'm a bit late to this thread, but thought I'd add that Form 4797 is key here. Part III specifically deals with the recapture. You may want to check if you're using the right cost basis too - sometimes people forget to account for improvements made to the property over the years which can reduce your taxable gain.

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Thanks for mentioning improvements! I actually did make some significant updates to the property before converting it to a rental. Would those improvements increase my cost basis even though they were made before it became a rental property?

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Yes, improvements made before converting to a rental can absolutely increase your cost basis. Anything that adds value to the property, prolongs its useful life, or adapts it to new uses can be added to your basis. This includes things like a new roof, addition, major renovations, etc. (not regular repairs or maintenance). You'll want to have documentation of these improvements. Adding these to your basis will reduce your overall gain, which means less tax to pay!

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Anyone else notice that the tax software doesn't clearly explain this stuff? I had the same confusion last year. Had to dig deep into the actual forms to see that the software was calculating everything correctly but just displayed it confusingly on the summary screens.

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Totally agree! I use H&R Block software and it lumped everything together on the main screens. I nearly had a heart attack thinking my entire gain was being taxed at ordinary income rates. Only when I printed the actual forms did I see it was properly separating depreciation recapture from the long-term capital gain.

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This is exactly the kind of situation where having a clear breakdown is crucial! I went through something similar when I sold my rental last year. One thing that helped me was creating my own simple spreadsheet to track the math: - Total gain: $202k - Depreciation recapture (taxed up to 25%): $45k - Remaining long-term capital gain (taxed at 15% for MFJ): $157k Then I compared this to what showed up on Form 4797 Part III and Schedule D in my software. The key is that even though line 7 shows the full $202k, the tax calculation behind the scenes should be applying different rates to each portion. If you want to double-check your effective tax rate, calculate what you'd expect to pay: ($45k × 25%) + ($157k × 15%) = $11,250 + $23,550 = $34,800 total. Then see if that matches what your software is calculating for tax on this gain. This helped me confirm everything was working correctly even though the summary screens were confusing.

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