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Harper Collins

How do I handle Home Office deductions after moving states midyear? Need help with recording 2 offices!

I relocated to a different state about halfway through 2023 and I'm totally confused about how to handle my home office deductions. I've been doing contract work from home for about 3 years now, and I had dedicated office spaces in both my old house and my new one. What's the right way to report this on my taxes? Should I be filing two separate Schedule Cs to account for each home office? Or am I supposed to combine all the deductions from both offices onto one Schedule C? What about using the simplified method - can I use it for one office but not the other? And how do I properly allocate these deductions between the two different states? I've tried using several free tax software programs (TaxAct, FreeTaxUSA, and another one) but they're all handling it differently. Some try to calculate the deduction automatically, but that doesn't work because the square footage ratios were completely different between my old and new home offices. And some of these programs only let me create one Schedule C! I've always found home office deductions pretty straightforward when it was just one office, but having two in different states has me completely stumped. I really want to avoid making mistakes on my taxes. Any advice would be super helpful!!

You actually don't need two Schedule Cs unless you have two different businesses. The Schedule C is for reporting income and expenses for a single business, not for each location where you conducted that business. Since you moved midyear but continued the same contract work, you'll file just one Schedule C and combine the home office deductions from both locations. For the actual home office deduction calculation on Form 8829, you'll need to do separate calculations for each home and then combine the results. If you're using the regular method (actual expenses), you'll need to calculate the business percentage for each home separately. For example, if your first home office was 10% of that home and your second home office was 15% of that home, you'd apply those percentages to the respective expenses for each time period. For state tax purposes, you'll likely need to file part-year resident returns in both states and allocate your income based on how long you lived in each state.

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This is really helpful, but I'm still confused about the simplified method. Can I use the simplified method ($5 per square foot) for one home and the regular method for the other? Or do I have to pick one method for the entire year?

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Unfortunately, you have to use the same method for the entire tax year. You can't use the simplified method for one home and the regular method for the other. You need to pick which method works best overall. If you use the simplified method, you'd calculate it based on the square footage of each home office, up to 300 sq ft per office, for the portion of the year you used each one. For example, if you used a 200 sq ft office for 6 months in your first home, that would be $5 × 200 × (6/12) = $500. Then you'd do a similar calculation for your second home office.

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If your software is limiting you to one Schedule C, you can try this workaround: Create one home office calculation for the entire year, but attach a detailed statement explaining your situation. Include the dates you lived in each home, the square footage of each total home and office space, and your calculation method. For example: "Home 1: Jan 1-June 30, 2023. Total home: 1500 sq ft. Office: 150 sq ft (10%). Home 2: July 1-Dec 31, 2023. Total home: 1800 sq ft. Office: 225 sq ft (12.5%)." Then show how you calculated each portion. Most audit issues with home offices come from poor documentation, not from the calculation itself.

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Thanks for this advice! Would I attach this statement with my e-filed return, or is this something I should just keep for my records in case of an audit? Also, do you think it's better to use the regular method or simplified method in this situation?

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You should both attach it to your return and keep a copy for your records. Most tax software has an option to include attachments or statements with your return. Look for something like "Add attachment" or "Include statement" in your software. For your second question, it really depends on your specific expenses. The simplified method is easier (obviously) but might result in a smaller deduction. If your actual expenses (proportional mortgage/rent, utilities, repairs, etc.) would give you a larger deduction, and you have good documentation for those expenses, the regular method might be better. Run the numbers both ways and see which gives you the better result!

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Has anyone tried TurboTax for this? I'm in the exact same situation (moved from Illinois to Georgia in August) and wondering if it handles multiple home offices better than the free options. Willing to pay if it actually works correctly.

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I used TurboTax Self-Employed last year when I moved mid-year. It lets you enter two different home offices with different time periods. You'll need the Self-Employed version though, not Deluxe. It asks for the dates you used each office and calculates everything properly including the state allocation.

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I actually went through this exact situation two years ago when I moved from Pennsylvania to North Carolina mid-year. Here's what I learned from my CPA: you definitely want to keep detailed records of both offices including photos, measurements, and receipts for any office-related expenses. One thing that wasn't mentioned yet - make sure you're tracking the move itself too. Some of your moving expenses might be deductible as business expenses if you're self-employed, especially if the move was primarily for business reasons. This includes things like temporary storage if you had a gap between homes that affected your ability to work. Also, don't forget about depreciation if you own either of the homes. The home office deduction can include depreciation on the business portion of your home, but you'll need to calculate it separately for each property based on the time periods you used each office. This gets complex with mid-year moves, so definitely document everything thoroughly. The key is consistency in your method and rock-solid documentation. The IRS cares more about proper substantiation than they do about which calculation method you choose.

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I went through this exact same situation last year when I moved from Oregon to Arizona in July. One thing I learned that might help - make sure you're also considering the different utility costs between your two locations when calculating actual expenses. My Oregon office heating costs were way higher than my Arizona cooling costs, which affected my deduction calculations significantly. Also, if you're using the regular method, don't forget about indirect expenses like home insurance and general repairs/maintenance that can be allocated to your office space. These often get overlooked but can add up, especially when you have two different properties with different maintenance needs. The state tax allocation piece is crucial too - some states have different rules about how business income gets sourced, so you might want to check if your old state considers work done there as sourced to that state even if you moved mid-year. I had to file partial year returns in both states and allocate my Schedule C income based on where I actually performed the work. One last tip: keep a simple calendar or log showing which days you worked from which office. It really helps if you ever need to prove the allocation to either the IRS or state tax authorities.

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This is incredibly helpful! I hadn't thought about the utility cost differences between locations. My old place in Minnesota had much higher heating bills than my current place in Florida, so that could definitely impact my calculations. Quick question about the work location tracking - did you track this by actual work days or just by the dates you lived in each place? I'm wondering if I need to account for any business trips or days I worked outside either home office during the transition period. Also, do you know if there are any special considerations for contract workers versus employees when it comes to the state tax allocation? I'm doing 1099 work for multiple clients and I'm not sure if the sourcing rules are different.

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